en http://www.columbia.edu/~ag2319/papers/gullick_mardemog.pdf <b> forthcoming in Demography </b><br><br> This article examines competing theoretical claims regarding how an individual's education will affect their likelihood of interracial marriage. It demonstrates that prior models of interracial marriage have failed to adequately distinguish the joint and marginal effects of education on interracial marriage, and presents a model capable of distinguishing these effects. The model is tested on black/white interracial marriages using 1980, 1990, and 2000 US Census data. The results reveal partial support for status exchange theory within black male/white female unions, and strong isolation of lower-class blacks from the interracial marriage market. Structural assimilation theory is not supported because the education of whites is not related in any consistent fashion to their likelihood of interracial marriage. The strong isolation of lower-class blacks from the interracial marriage market has gone unnoticed in prior research because of the failure of prior methods to distinguish joint and marginal effects. http://www.columbia.edu/~ag2319/papers/gullick_intermarhist.pdf <b> forthcoming in the Journal of Family History </b><br><br> This article traces the trend in black/white interracial marriage between 1850-2000, using microlevel Census samples. The results show that the frequency of interracial marriage has been highly responsive to the dynamic nature of broader race relations. The growth of the Jim Crow racial state in the South and segregation in the North led to a drastic decline in the frequency of interracial marriage from 1880 to 1930. The frequency of interracial marriage increased with the waning of this system between 1930 and 1940, but only began to increase at a steady and rapid rate in the Post Civil Rights era. When disaggregated by region, the results suggest a process of ``latent'' racism in the non-South, and one of unequal gender suppression in the South. Results by nativity and education are also discussed. http://www.columbia.edu/~ag2319/papers/gullickson_skintone_socforces.pdf <b> Social Forces 84(1):157-180, 2005. </b><br><br> Skin tone variation within the United States' black population has long been associated with intraracial stratification. Skin tone differentials in socioeconomic status reflect both the inherited privileges of a mulatto elite and contemporary preferences for lighter skin. Three influential studies have claimed that such differentials in educational,occupational and spousal attainment have remained strong in the post-Civil Rights era, based on results from large nationally representative surveys.However, these studies used a period conception of change which ignored the potential for changes across cohorts within the same period.I re-analyze the available data and find significant declines in skin tone differentials for younger cohorts, in terms of educational and labor market outcomes ,but not in terms ofspousal attainment. These declines begin with cohorts born in the mid-1940s. In addition, there is evidence of period declines of skin tone differentials in occupational attainment in the 1980s. I discuss possible explanations for the declines. <b> Population Studies 58(2):145-159, 2004. </b><br><br> This is an analysis of maternal survival of up to 13,202 mothers following 56,546 births in south central Slavonia (Croatia) in the period 1714-1898, using automated family reconstitution of 23,307 marriages, 112,181 baptisms, and 94,077 burials from seven contiguous Catholic parishes. Physiological factors have the effects commonly expected. Maternal risk is increased by general economic and social conditions that are plausibly related to withdrawal of men's labour from family farming as a result of military mobilizations and growing levels of wage labour. Risk is decreased by membership in large patriarchal kin groups, but is increased by both the presence of classic rivals (husband's brothers' wives) and being married to a husband junior among his brothers. The analysis demonstrates the sensitivity of maternal survival to macrolevel changes in such factors as the collapse of feudalism, military involvement, economic stagnation, and monetization, as well as to microeconomic and micropolitical factors at the household and local kin-group level. http://www.columbia.edu/~ag2319/papers/gullickfu_rosenfeldcrit.pdf <b> Working Paper </b><br><br> This paper is a critical comment on the recent paper by Rosenfeld regarding the empirical evidence for caste-status exchange theory in interracial marriage between black and whites. The paper is coauthored with Vincent Fu. http://www.columbia.edu/~ag2319/papers/gullick_mulatto1880_ssha05.pdf <b> Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Social Science History Association, Portland, OR, Nov. 3-6, 2005 </b><br><br> In cross-national studies of race in the Americas, one of the key questions has been why the United States failed to develop and sustain an intermediate racial group between black and white. Although many hypotheses have been presented, analysis has been somewhat hampered by the small N problem of cross-national research and the potential idiosyncrasies involved with the development of racial categories at the national level. This paper explores these issues at the intranational level by exploiting regional variation in the United States in the degree of occupational differentiation between blacks and mulattoes during the transitionary period from slavery to freedom. Making use of the full 1880 Census count to generate county-level contextual variables, this paper uses a multilevel model to analyze this variation. I find that differentiation increased with the occupational standing of whites, which supports a social competition theory of differentiation. The relative size of the black population only indirectly affected differentiation by increasing the occupational standing of whites in a queuing process. In addition, support is found for translation between the boundaries of free/slave and black/mulatto in this period of transition.