Useful and interesting material related to biogeography and this course. These have not been checked and probably many need updating or deleting.

History of biogeography. These links were mostly compiled by B. Riddle.

• Early classics in biogeography, by C. H. Smith
• George-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon
• Alphonse de Candolle
• The Alfred Russel Wallace Page, by C.H. Smith
• The complete works of Charles Darwin online
• Alexander von Humboldt
• Joseph Dalton Hooker
• Phillip Lutley Sclater
• Sir Charles Lyell (1797-1875)
• Asa Gray (1810-1888)
• Alfred Wegener
• Joel Asaph Allen
• C. Hart Merriam
• Joseph Grinnell
• David Starr Jordan
• Edward William Nelson and Edward Alphonso Goldman
• William Diller Matthew
• George Gaylord Simpson
• Phillip Jackson Darlington, Jr.
• Willi Hennig
• Leon Croizat

Species distributions and influences on species distributions

• The climate-vegetation atlas for North America. (outline maps following E. Little's maps from the 1970's)
• Mapping from the US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis program (contour or abundance maps using statistical models)
• Oregon Flora project (dot maps from herbarium specimens)
• Forest succession in central Massachusetts (dioramas at Harvard Forest).
• The ultimate tree-ring web pages.
• efloras.org. Includes species range maps. For the botanically inclined.
• Global Amphibians.org.
• IUCN Red List.
• Mapping biodiversity.

Ecosystem and ecoregion classifications

• The purposes of ecoregion classification: Conservation and Regional land management.
• Major biomes of the world
• More biome descriptions
• The global ecosystems database. Click on "Map Server" and launch the interactive map viewer. View Bailey's ecoregion classifications.
• Biogeoclimatic ecosystem classification of British Columbia.
  • A maps of biogeoclimatic zones.
  • Basic concepts.
  • Ecoregions vs. biogeoclimatic zones.
• Atlas of Oregon's Forests.

Invasive species

• Cane toads
• Invasive species info.gov

Pleistocene biogeography, paleoecology, and Pleistocene extinctions

• The La Brea Tar Pits ice-age fauna. Great drawings of the Pleistocene mega-fauna.
• NOAA Paleoclimatology program. Online data and discussion of paleoclimatology, focusing on the post-glacial period.
  • Pollen mapper. A way to view changing plant distributions (with great graphics) of the last several thousand years.
• Radiocarbon dating. How it works.
• The NOAA ice ages slide show

Evolution and phylogeny

• Understanding Evolution is an excellent resource on evolution hosted at Berkeley.
  • Evolution 101.
  • Phylogenetic Systematics a.k.a. Evolutionary Trees.
• The Tree of Life provides the phylogenetic trees of many species and groups.
• Angiosperm phylogeny. A fairly technical overview from the Missouri Botanical Garden.
• The Burgess Shale. Fossil fauna of the Cambrian.
• Ray Troll art: Evolution-inspired art.

Paleogeography and geologic time

• Paleogeography animations and maps.
• Crustal age of the ocean floor.
• The geologic time scale @ Wikipedia.
• Chronos.org. See the Tower of Time flash animation.
• Geologic time, a presentation by the Smithsonian.
• The Paleobiology Database.

Historical biogeography; Island Biogeography

• Vicariance biogeography.
• Adaptive radiation on islands.
• Macarthur-Wilson model of island biogeography.

Societies to which many biogeographers belong:

• The International Biogeographical Society.
• The Ecological Society of America.
• The American Quaternary Association.
• The International Quaternary Association.
• The International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP).

General-purpose geographic tools and information

• Online map creation.
• GRASS GIS: Open-source geographic information system software.
• Google Earth and Google maps.