Tycho Brahe (1546-1601)

The first great observational optical astronomer. His primary contributions to astrophysics were the design and development of observing instruments and the precise data he collected on the motions of the celestial bodies in the pre-telescope era. At left is shown Tycho's Great Mural Quadrant . Tycho's mural ("wall") quadrant was a 90o arc of radius 2 meters attached to a north-south wall with a sighting tool to allow an observer to measure the altitudes of celestial objects as they passed through the meridian. The observer stands near the arc and sights the celestial object through a slot on the far wall, noting the altitude of the object when it is due south. Tycho's data were reputed to be accurate to better than one-thirtieth of a degree. Before his time, the accuracy was on the order of one-fourth of a degree. In contrast to earlier observers, Tycho observed objects throughout their cycles rather only at particular times, such as opposition and quadrature.

To the right is a more modern transit instrument built in 1885 (Fauth), the Chabot Space & Science Center's meridian transit telescope in Oakland, California.

This was the first step toward the development of an understanding of the Solar System.

Oh, and like all observers, he also proposed his own geo-centric model for planetary motion.

Other Accomplishments