l. Speyer, Germany. Cathedral of St. Maria and St. Stephan. Nave looking east, 1027/30-1061. Note groin vaults.

2. Mainz, Germany. Cathedral of St. Martin and St. Stephan. Nave looking east, 1137. Note early example of ribbed vaults.

3. Aulnay-de-Saintogne, former collegiate church of Saint-Pierre-de-la-Tour. Western France. South transept portal. After 1130. This represents what is known as a compound arch. These Romanesque compound arches provide shelter within the thickness of the wall, and make an excellent transition from outside to inside.

4. Hedingham Keep showing burned out interior. Hedingham, England.

5. Seats in Romanesque forms from Iceland and Norway.

6. German chests of medieval form from the alpine countries and lower Saxony. Note Romanesque plank construction.