Environmental Issues Committee
2006-07 Annual Report
Executive Summary
The 2006-2007 Committee discussed and researched several issues. Subcommittees were created for four of the issues:
Other issues included:
The committee recommends the following actions should be undertaken in the immediate future:
In addition, the committee looks for Administrative leadership in the following:
Finally, the committee believes that funding should be
allocated for education and awareness of environmental issues, specifically
those related to energy and transportation.
Introduction
The Environmental Issues Committee met monthly from October through June. A list of members can be found in the appendix. The committee considered several issues and subcommittees were formed to further investigate four of the issues. The following provides a review of discussions and recommendations concerning these issues.
Subcommittee Issues
The following subcommittees were formed:
1. Energy
With the signing of the PresidentÕs Climate Commitment by President Frohnmayer, the University will be focusing on several issues related to energy, sustainability and climate neutrality. We have identified the following action items which should receive attention in the near future.
Recommendations
Direct the EIC or other ad hoc committee to develop a campus energy policy by Spring 2008, and long-range energy plan by Spring 2009. Allocate funding for energy awareness and education.
2. Transportation
Transportation issues are intimately connected with sustainability and climate neutrality. In general, the University should strive to limit the use of vehicles coming to and driving through campus as much as possible. We have identified the following action items which should receive attention in the near future.
Recommendations
Direct the Planning Office to begin updating the Campus Transportation Plan in 2008. Direct Public Safety to implement strategies to enforce the Heart of Campus rules by January 2008.
3. Environmental Tobacco
Smoke
The complete report of the ETS subcommittee can be found
in the Appendix. Please refer to
this report for further details and references.
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), otherwise known as secondhand smoke, has been a public health issue for many years. In June 2006, the Surgeon General released its strongest findings yet implicating ETS as a significant health hazard. Although many, if not most universities now prohibit smoking inside buildings, there is a nationwide movement to curtail smoking on campuses altogether. Currently, the University of Oregon prohibits smoking indoors and within 10 feet of building entrances. With more than 40 universities around the country prohibiting all smoking on campus and several more moving towards smoke-free campuses, we believe it is time for the UO to begin a campus-wide discussion of this issue.
More than 250 toxic or carcinogenic chemicals have been identified in ETS, and the EPA has classified ETS as a Group A carcinogen (known to cause cancer in humans with no acceptable safe level). The 2006 Surgeon GeneralÕs report concluded that exposure to secondhand smoke is a Òserious public health hazardÓ, causing heart disease and lung cancer, with no risk-free level of exposure. While most people recognize the dangers of smoking indoors, the question is whether ETS outside buildings is hazardous as well. Studies conducted at the University of Maryland Baltimore campus and Stanford concluded that smoke levels outside can be comparable to indoor levels under certain circumstances.
Over 40 university and college campuses now have smoke-free
policies. Of these, Indiana
University-Purdue University Indianapolis is the largest with over 29,000
students. The IUPUI campus went
entirely tobacco-free in late summer 2006 (as did another branch of IU –
IU East), and the Indiana University president has stated that he wants all
eight of the IU campuses to go smoke-free by the end of 2007. The University of North Dakota
(enrollment ~ 13,000) will be going tobacco-free in October 2007. Boise State,
with an enrollment around 18,000 is looking into going totally smoke-free by
2008. The president of the
University of Iowa (enrollment ~ 30,000)
has recommended that the campus go totally smoke-free by July 1, 2008.
In Oregon, all tobacco has been prohibited on Oregon K-12 school grounds since
January 2006 and PeaceHealth instituted a tobacco-free policy on all of its
property in November 2006.
In order to determine the level of concern among our faculty, staff and OAÕs to exposure to ETS and their interest in moving towards a smoke-free campus, the ETS sub-committee sent out a survey via campus mail to 500 randomized faculty, staff and OAÕs. 177 surveys were returned, for a response rate of 35.4%. Results indicate that 79% of respondents are bothered by ETS at least occasionally, 93% feel something needs to change with respect to ETS, and 72% at least somewhat support a smoke-free campus.
Recommendations
We recommend that the Administration convene a campus-wide ad hoc committee to investigate the advisability of revising the current smoking policy, with special consideration of implementing a smoke-free campus, with a report due by Fall 2008.
4. Green Dorm Room
The Green Dorm Room subcommittee looked at a "green" dorm room proposal by meeting and discussing possible ways to promote environmental stewardship among residence hall occupants. The subcommittee favored the approach of a dorm room being ÒgreenÓ through its amenities over advocating structural changes to existing halls. This approach seemed to be one that could produce early results by educating future residents in how they personally can improve the environmental performance of their room. University Housing was asked and agreed to assist us by having Tenaya Meaux, Housing Director for Marketing and Communications, meet with the subcommittee.
Ideas generated included inserting a green component into existing activities at Housing. Specifically, we looked at the Òshow roomÓ and considered opportunities to displaying energy star appliances with those items marked in some way as ÒgreenÓ. We also discussed using the existing the ÒBetter RoomsÓ contest by adding a ÒgreenestÓ room category.
The group felt that there are plenty of opportunities for collaboration across units. Tenaya suggested that the university may want to consider developing a green campaign that all departments could tap into, which would create an economy of scale and more impactful messaging that would include a university ÒbrandingÓ for sustainability (e.g. a logo, a communications strategy, etc.). This would make it easy for departments beyond Housing to tap into. Tenaya felt that regardless, it would make it easy (and in fact already in progress) for Housing to move forward with table tents, posters, adding ÒgreenÓ options/recommendations to information sent to students on what to bring/what not to bring on move-in day. Other possibilities include using IntroDUCKtion as an opportunity to promote greening of the studentÕs living space. In general, however, depending on the size and scope of projects, staffing may become an issue.
Recommendations
Encourage University Housing and Campus Recycling to work
together on promoting opportunities for students to ÔgreenÕ their rooms/halls.
General Committee Issues
1. Olympic Trials
Committee member Karyn Kaplan sits on the sustainability subcommittee for the larger organizing committee for the 2008 Olympic Trials. This event is a golden opportunity for the UO to demonstrate its commitment to and leadership in sustainability and environmental affairs. A letter (see appendix) was drafted and sent to Frances Dyke encouraging her to help convey the importance of sustainability to the events organizers.
2. Center for the Advancement of Sustainable Living (CASL)
Committee member Cathy Soutar provided monthly updates of the progress of obtaining a house for CASL. We continue to support CASL and welcome the news that progress is being made.
3. Recycled Paper
A presentation by student guest Tara Burke on the need to get away from wood products led to a discussion of the recycled paper policy. It was reported by some committee members that not all departments were following the policy. It was agreed that the university needs to do a better job of educating and enforcing the policy. This led to a discussion about how policies in general are enforced on campus. In response to the fact that many departments were not following the policy, Harriet Merrick in the Business Affairs Office began an investigation of costs and sources of recycled paper, with the idea that the University should have a sole source contract for paper. This would cut down on departmental time researching prices and should also provide an overall cheaper price. We look forward to HarrietÕs report and recommend that next yearÕs committee review the report with a goal of creating a policy which is easier to follow and to enforce.
4. Full-time Sustainability Coordinator
The committee briefly considered the idea that the sustainability coordinator position should be full-time and perhaps housed in Johnson Hall. This would send the message that the University is serious about sustainability issues and has top administrative support. This issue has been discussed in previous years, but we think it needs immediate attention.
5. Plastic Water Bottles
Plastic water bottles contribute heavily to the waste stream
on campus. As an alternative, the
University should provide refill stations (with perhaps filtered water) around
campus.
6. Sustainability Endowment: Discussions and plans are needed to begin a sustainability endowment
fund.
Appendix
Environmental Issues Committee Membership,
2006-2007
Term 2006-07:
Anne Forrestal, Lundquist College of Business
Catherine Soutar, University Planning
Ben Farrell, Law Library
Term 2006-08:
Jim Blick, RegistrarÕs Office (Chair for 2006-07)
William Cresko, Biology
Charles Kalnbach, Lundquist College of Business
Tim King, Facilities Services
Paula Staight, University Health Center
Ex officio:
Ken Boegli, Public Safety (designee)
Christine Thompson, University Planner (designee)
George Hecht, Director, Campus Operations
Karyn Kaplan, Recycling Program Manager
Kay Coots, Director, Environmental Health and Safety
J.R. Gaddis, Director, University Printing
Robyn Hathcock, University Housing
Students:
Kelly Hansen, ASUO
June 22, 2007
Frances Dyke
Vice President, Finance and
Administration
114 Johnson Hall
In late June 2008, many thousands
of people are expected to descend on Eugene and Hayward Field to view the
Olympic Track Trials. This event
provides a tremendous opportunity for the UO to showcase to the rest of the
nation and the world how seriously the UO believes in sustainability. For the Olympic Trials to be
environmentally successful, sustainability needs to be at the forefront of the
overall planning process.
We believe it would be very
helpful if you could communicate with Olympic Trial leaders to convey the
importance of the sustainability mission.
The sustainability message needs to be repeated and amplified throughout
the planning process so that it does not get short circuited by too many last
minute details. Your leadership in
the process will be of great advantage not only to the Olympic Trials event but
will provide a model for the University and the city of Eugene as well. A successful major event like the
Olympic Trials sets the stage for more successful sustainable events in the
future.
Currently there are several
people from the UO who are on organizing committees related to the trials. There is a sustainability sub-committee
that recently had a sustainability mission statement approved by the lead
organizing committee. We want to
make sure that the message is also coming from the UO Administration, not just
sub-committee members.
An example of a highly
successful sustainable event like this is the 2000 Sydney Australia Olympic
Games. Touted as the ÒGreen
GamesÓ, the Sydney Olympics were acclaimed for environmental commitment
throughout all phases of the planning process. For the upcoming winter Olympics in 2010, Vancouver is
equally committed to sustainability as part of its planning. The University, along with the
city of Eugene, needs to make sure that the Eugene Trials are focused on
sustainability issues as well.
A recent graduate Management
seminar project by Mary Ellen Mansfield and Danna Newburg summarizes very
nicely the potential to diminish the environmental footprint of the Olympic
Trials by implementing sustainable practices. Some of the things they consider include transportation,
alternative energy sources, a carbon offset fund, and an alternative to plastic
water bottles. I am sending by email their report and slides for
your review.
Thank you for your work and
consideration of this world class opportunity.
Sincerely,
Jim Blick, Chair
Environmental Issues
Committee
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Subcommittee Report
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), otherwise known as secondhand smoke, has been a public health issue for many years. In June 2006, the Surgeon General released its strongest findings yet implicating ETS as a significant health hazard. Although many, if not most universities now prohibit smoking inside buildings, there is a nationwide movement to curtail smoking on campuses altogether. Currently, the University of Oregon prohibits smoking indoors and within 10 feet of building entrances. With more than 40 universities around the country prohibiting all smoking on campus and several more moving towards smoke-free campuses, we believe it is time for the UO to begin a campus-wide discussion of this issue.
Health Issues
More than 250 toxic or carcinogenic chemicals have been identified in ETS[1], and ETS has been classified as a Group A carcinogen by the EPA[2]. Group A carcinogens are known to cause cancer in humans and there is no acceptable safe level of exposure. The 2006 Surgeon GeneralÕs report made the following conclusions[3]:
While most people recognize the dangers of smoking indoors, the question is whether ETS outside buildings is hazardous as well. A study conducted at the University of Maryland Baltimore campus[4] concluded that Ò. . . smoke levels do not approach background levels for fine particles or carcinogens until about 7 meters or 23 feet from the source . . .Ó This was for 1-2 smokers, and it was noted that a higher number of smokers together could substantially increase concentrations and at further distances. Another study at Stanford[5] confirmed these conclusions. The authors of that study noted: ÒWe were surprised to discover that being within a few feet of a smoker outdoors may expose you to air pollution levels that are comparable, on average, to indoor levels that we measured in previous studies of homes and taverns.Ó
Precedents for a Smoke-Free Campus
Over 40 university and college campuses now have smoke-free
policies[6]. Most of these are small schools or
medical/health schools. Of these,
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis is the largest with over
29,000 students. The IUPUI campus
went entirely tobacco-free in late summer 2006 (as did another branch of IU
– IU East), and the Indiana University president has stated that he wants
all eight of the IU campuses to go smoke-free by the end of 2007[7]. The University of North
Dakota (enrollment ~ 13,000) will be going tobacco-free in October 2007[8]. Boise State, with an enrollment around
18,000 is looking into going totally smoke-free by 2008[9]. Finally, a campus-wide committee at the
University of Iowa (enrollment ~ 30,000)
has recommended that UI institute a 25-foot smoke-free perimeter around
all buildings (including athletic facilities and parking facilities) on July 1,
2007, and that the entire campus go smoke-free two years later[10]. The UI president rejected the latter
recommendation, asking instead that the campus go totally smoke-free by July 1,
2008. Closer to home, all tobacco has been prohibited on Oregon K-12 school
grounds since January 2006[11]. PeaceHealth instituted a tobacco-free
policy on all of its property in November 2006[12].
Pros and Cons for a Smoke-free Campus
Arguments for a totally smoke-free campus include:
Arguments against a smoke-free campus include:
We realize that the idea of a smoke-free campus is an emotional issue which will have several viewpoints. Some rebuttals to the above arguments against a smoke-free campus include the following points:
Survey Results
During the 2006 IntroDucktion, the University Health CenterÕs Health Promotion Director surveyed parents regarding their concerns about ETS on their students, and asked if they would support a smoke-free campus. Although the survey was not random and the sample size was small (n = 92), the results showed that 77% were concerned about their student being exposed to secondhand smoke on campus, and that 75 % supported a policy prohibiting tobacco use throughout the UO campus. For IntroDucktion 2007, the plan is to survey parents again with a more comprehensive survey and to capture a larger sample size.
In order to determine the level of concern among our faculty, staff and OAÕs to exposure to ETS and their interest in moving towards a smoke-free campus, the ETS sub-committee put together a survey, with the input from the entire EIC (a copy of the survey can be found in the appendix). This survey was sent out via campus mail to 500 randomized faculty, staff and OAÕs, and 177 surveys were returned, for a response rate of 35.4%. Below are some of the preliminary results from the survey (a more thorough analysis will be completed this summer):
Often 19%
Occasionally 60%
Never 21%
Smoking in isolated areas only 59%
Not allow smoking on campus 34%
Nothing 7%
Highly support 44%
Somewhat support 28%
Somewhat oppose 16%
Highly oppose 13%
Strongly agree 69%
Somewhat agree 21%
Somewhat disagree 4%
Strongly disagree 5%
Every day 4%
Often but not daily 1%
Never 95%
Female 69%
Male 31%
Faculty 34%
Staff 46%
OA 20%
Note that 79% of respondents are bothered by ETS at least occasionally, 93% feel something needs to change with respect to ETS, and 72% at least somewhat support a smoke-free campus.
The survey also provided a space for comments. The complete set of comments can be found in the appendix.
Implementing a Smoke-free Policy
Some universities have taken the bold step of implementing a smoke-free campus in a year or two. An alternative would be to take 4-5 years to phase in such a policy. This allows smoking staff the time to transition or search for new employment, and means that most students that are affected will be ones that enter the university with the knowledge that the policy will be implemented. Any policy should include a comprehensive cessation plan to help smokers quit smoking.
Recommendations
We recommend that the Administration convene a campus-wide ad hoc committee to investigate the advisability of revising the current smoking policy, with special consideration of implementing a smoke-free campus. The University of IowaÕs experience might provide a useful model[13].
We believe it is just a matter of time when most major universities will become smoke-free, the question is when. The University of Oregon has a chance to become a leader in the state and nation on this issue, demonstrating that it believes in creating and maintaining a healthy environment for all its members.
Appendix to ETS Subcommittee Report
The Environmental Issues
Committee is studying the issue of secondhand tobacco smoke on campus.
Please take a minute to
complete the following, tear off at perforation to remove your name, fold and
drop in campus mail with PaulaÕs address to outside. If you have questions you
may contact Paula Staight, Director of Health Promotion at the University
Health Center at 346-2728 or pstaight@uoregon.edu.
If youÕd like to comment, use
the back page that remains intact and does not have the return address.
Please return by May 18.
Thank you,
Jim Blick, Ben Farrell, JR
Gaddis and Paula Staight, Members of the Environmental Issues Committee
Please clearly check
the box that represents your answer.
1. Are you ever bothered by
secondhand smoke on campus?
Often Occasionally Never
2. Do you have any
allergy/sensitivity (i.e. asthma, sneezing, watery eyes, etc.) that are
triggered by exposure to tobacco
smoke? Yes No
3. To what extent are you
ever concerned about secondhand smoke on campus?
Very concerned Somewhat concerned Not very concerned Not at all concerned
4. The Surgeon General
reported in June 2006 that Òthere is no risk-free level of secondhand
smoke exposureÓ. Does this conclusion affect your level
of concern?
More concerned No Change Less Concerned
5.What should UO do to
minimize contact with secondhand smoke? Check only one.
Nothing
Allow
smoking in isolated areas only Do not allow smoking anywhere on campus
6. Do you support or oppose
the UO becoming a smoke-free campus (no smoking anywhere on campus)?
Highly Somewhat Somewhat Highly
Support Support
Oppose
Oppose
7. Please respond to this
statement:
The
right to breathe clean air should take precedence over the right to smoke.
Strongly Somewhat Somewhat
Strongly
Agree
Agree Disagree Disagree
8. Your gender: Female Male
9. You are? Faculty Staff OA
10. Your age? 16-19 20-29 30-39
40-49 50-59
60+
11. Do you smoke? Every day
Often but not daily Never
** IF YOU CHECKED
ÒNEVERÓ YOU ARE DONE WITH THE SURVEY **
12. Do you plan to quit or would you like to quit sometime in
the future? Yes
No
13. Do you know of resources for help in quitting
smoking? Yes
No
14. Do you smoke on campus? Yes
No
If yes, please
indicate where you usually
smoke on campus:__________________
Survey
Comments
[3] http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/secondhandsmoke/report/executivesummary.pdf
[4] http://www.repace.com/pdf/outdoorair.pdf
[5] http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2007/may9/smoking-050907.html
[6] http://216.70.75.85/pdf/smokefreecollegesuniversities.pdf
[8] http://www2.und.edu/our/news/print_news.php?id=2047
[9] http://www.law.capital.edu/tobacco/workplace/casestudies_boise.html
[10] http://news-releases.uiowa.edu/2007/april/042607fethkesmokingproposal.html
[11] http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/rules/OARS_500/OAR_581/581_021.html
[12] http://www.peacehealth.org/Oregon/TobaccoFree/FAQ.htm
[13] http://www.uiowa.edu/president/task-forces/smoking_policy/index.htm
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