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Kobayashi Kiyochika: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs.

The Three Part Series
“One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs"
[百選百笑 - Hyakusen hyakusho]
by Kobayashi Kiyochika


UNDER REVISION
WORK-IN-PROGRESS
(as of July 6, 2015)


Prints in Collection

Prints from the series Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
[Sino-Japanese War]
IHL Cat. #108
A Big Headache for Li Hongzhang
September 1894

IHL Cat. #538
IHL Cat. #1218
Blockhead from the series Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
IHL Cat. #274
Hubbub in the Dragon
King's Palace
December 1894

IHL Cat. #227
IHL Cat. #380
Hell is Booming
December 1894

IHL Cat. #379
Pulling the Necks
December 1894

IHL Cat #1064

IHL Cat. #228
IHL Cat. #50
Thick-Skinned Face
February  1895

IHL Cat. #331
IHL Cat. #45
Mice in a Trap
April 1895

IHL Cat. #44
Tearing Weeds Out In Peking
April 1895

IHL Cat. #234
Turmoil at River Sanzu
May 1895

 IHL Cat. #247
New Army Recruits
August 1895
 IHL Cat. #1043


 
 


Prints from the series Magic Lantern Society: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
[Sino-Japanese War]
Prints from the series Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
[Russo-Japanese War]

 About The Series "One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs"

Introduction
The series title Hyakusen hyakushō, literally One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs, is a pun on the expression "One Hundred Battles, One Hundred Victories" (both pronounced "Hyakusen hyakushō").1  The series was issued in three parts and presented parodies of the enemy, the Chinese in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and ten years later the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. The first part of the series titled Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs, consisting of fifty prints, was issued between September 1894 and August 1895.  The second part of the series titled Magic Lantern Society: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs, consisting of twelve prints, was issued between November 1895 and December 1896.  Both of these parts parodied (often in a racist manner) the Chinese people, leadership and war effort. The third and last part of the series, consisting of eight-six prints, used the same title as the first part Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs.  Issued between April 1904 and April 1905, the prints parodied the Russian war effort. 

Each print in the series is illustrated with a humorous scene related to the war (the first 2 parts related to the Sino-Japanese War and the third part to the Russo-Japanese War) by the artist Kobayashi Kiyochika (1847-1915) and contains accompanying comments, riddled with wordplay and irony, by the writer/journalist Nishimori Takeki 西森武城 (1861-1913)2, using the pseudonym Koppi Dōjin ("Master Skin and Bones"). The series title 百撰百笑 (Hyakusen hyakushō) appears in the cartouche in the upper right of the print. The print's title and the pseudonym Koppi Dōjin 骨皮道人 appear in the right most column within each text box at the top of the print.

Overview of the Entire Series One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
Title
[war depicted]
 Number
 of Prints
 Date Range
 Part 1
Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
 日本万歳 百撰百笑 Nihon banzai: Hyakusen hyakushō
[Sino-Japanese War 1894-1895]
 50
plus 1 table of contents
 September 1894 - 
 August 1895
Part 2 
Magic Lantern Society: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
 社会幻燈 百撰百笑 Shakai gentō: Hyakusen hyakushō
[Sino-Japanese War 1894-1895]
12 November 1895 -
 December 1896
 
Part 3 
Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs
 日本万歳 百撰百笑 Nihon banzai: Hyakusen hyakushō
[Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905]
 86 April 1904 -
 April 1905


Political Cartoons
While all three parts of the series "amounted to satirical political cartooning" the first two parts "introduced a new level of ridicule and mockery to depictions of theChinese foe. Such depictions were comparable, in sometimes ironic ways, to the 'anti-Oriental' cartoons produced by the English, Americans, andEuropeans at this same time."3

In a 2011 exhibition titled "Pictures of Power, Japanese Woodcuts as Propaganda," the Östasiatiska museum commented "Kobayashi Kiyochika's series of woodcuts, 'Long live Japan; one hundred victories, one hundred laughs' from the Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895) raises many questions about how images affect us, how they are able to mobilize violence and prevent us from feeling empathy for the designated enemy."4


2 Nishimori Takeki 西森武城 (1861-1913), was one of the chief comic writers for the newspaper Marumaru chinbun and often collaborated with Kiyochika, who was thirteen years his senior.
3 MIT Visualizing Cultures website
"Throwing Off Asia," by John W. Dower http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/21f/21f.027/throwing_off_asia_01/kiyochika_manga_b.html
4 website of Östasiatiska museet (The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, Stockholm, Sweden) http://www.varldskulturmuseerna.se/en/ostasiatiskamuseet/exhibitions/previous-exhibitions/pictures-of-power-japanese-woodcuts-as-propaganda-/

List of the 50 Prints from "Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs" (First Part: Sino-Japanese War Series)

The Table of Contents for the First Fifty Prints

  Title (English) Title (Japanese) Date of Publication
  Table of contents Mokuroku 
 Meiji 28
 1 A shock for the Chinese guy Chanchan no kimotsubushi Meiji 27/9
 2 General Li´s splitting headache  (A Big Headache for Li Hongzhang)
 Rikōshō no ō-zutsū    
 Meiji 28
 3 Chinese / strange soldiers
 Okashina heish Meiji 27/9
 4
 The Pestle-Song
 Fumitsubushi no uta 
 Meiji 27/9
 5 Skinning people Ningen no kawahagi
 Meiji 27
 6 Total exhaustion / A big failure (Ō-heikō) On-haishō Meiji 27/11
 7 Hubbub in the dragon kings palace (Turmoil in Dragon’s Palace)
 Ryūgū no sawagi
 Meiji 27/11
 8 Newsflash! Newsflash! Go-chūshin go-chūshin 
 Meiji 27/11
 9 Boom in the underworld  (Hell is booming)
 Jigoku no ō-hanjō  Meiji 27/11
 10 The incommodious Manchuria Hōtenfu no ni-yakkai
 Meiji 27/11
 11 A big aim for the Japanese army Nippei no ichinen Meiji 27/12
 12 Tearful goodbye of the beaten commander 
 Taishō no nakiwakare
 Meiji 27
 13 The end of the Qing Dynasty / the succession Shindai kagiri
 Meiji 27/12
 14 Preparations for the flight Nige-shitaku Meiji 27/12
 15 The blockhead / Defense of the straw man
 Dekunobō 木偶の坊 Meiji 27/12
 16 Meandering pigs Buta no tōwaku    
 
 17 The snatching
 Bundori  
 
 18 Pulling the necks 
 Kubippiki  
 Meiji 27/11
 19 A thick-skinned face Atsui tsura no kawa
 Meiji 28/2
 20 An object lesson for the Chinese military (Making Chinese Soldiers Shiver)
 Shinpei no hiyakasare  
 Meiji 28/2
 21 Quantum jump / A walk with long legs Chōsoku no shinpo
 Meiji 28
 22 An old Empire is flying away / is swept away
 Tonda Rōdaigoku Meiji 28/2
 23 Mademoiselle Chinas lament Pekinjō no rakurui Meiji 28
 24 Fun with modern toys
 Tōsei omocha asobi
 Meiji 28/2
 25 Thought luck! Jigōjitoku Meiji 28/3
 26 A moaning monologue in the Chinese kyogen Shinkyōgen no kōjō
 Meiji 28
 27 No enemy far and wide
 Mukau tokoro ni teki nashi Meiji 28
 28 Big fishing at Weihaiwei Ikaiei no tairyō Meiji 28/4
 29 A move of regret
 Yukai na undō Meiji 28
 30 Mice in the sack (Rats in a bag) Fukuro no nezumi Meiji 28/4
 31 The beaten commander Ō-heikō Meiji 28
 32 China dolls Shinaningyō Meiji 28/3
 33 Suicide of the Chinese soldier Kanpei no seppuku Meiji 28/3
 34 A vivid child´s play (Brave children playing) Isamashii kodomo asobi Meiji 28
 35 A clever protection against thievery 
 Tonchi tōnan-yoke Meiji 28
 36 A new machine made in China
 Shin-hatsumei no kikai Meiji 28/4
 37 Tearing weeds out at Peking (Japanese soldier gathering young herbs in Peking) Pekin no tsumikusa 
 Meiji 28
 38 Turmoil at river Sanzu (Rush at the River Styx) Sanzu-gawa no ō-konzatsu Meiji 28/5
 39 Chinese souvenirs Shina miyage Meiji 28
 40 Trouble and strife Kan’u to Shūshō Meiji 28
 41 The fearful goddess
 Okubyōgami
 Meiji 28
 42 These are the Pescadores (Penghu)! Kore wa Hōkotō Meiji 28/1
 43 Pulling out a big tooth Daiba o nuku
 Meiji 28
 44 The shivering commander Buruburu taishō 
 Meiji 28
 45 Horrifying the straw man Kakashi ni odoroku Meiji 28
 46 The Chinese sorrow-army Shinkoku konkuminhei Meiji 28/8
 47 The juggler of the Chinese ball Shinadamatsukai 
 Meiji 28/6
 48 Only abandoned houses on island Gyoōtō
 Gyoōtō no akiie
 Meiji 28
 49 Reclaiming land in New-Japan Shin-Nippon no kaitaku Meiji 28
 50 Arrival of the two brides/200 million [Tael] war reparation
 Nioku no tōrai
 Meiji 28
Note: Meiji 27 corresponds to 1894 and Meiji 28 to 1895.

For images of the above 50 prints go to the website of the Waseda University Library http://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/bunko10/bunko10_05481/bunko10_05481.html

The 12 Prints from "Magic Lantern Society: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs" (Second Part: Sino-Japanese War Series)


 
兵士の帰村 
Heishi no kison
Soldier returning to his village
November 3, 1895
 
細君の歓迎
Saikun no kangei
The wife's welcome
November 1895
 
開化振
Kaikaburi
The gesture of social manners
January 3, 1895

 
解隊後の豚兵
Kaitai go no Tonpei
 
帰化の仕度
Kika no shitaku
April 27, 1896
 
人夫募集所
Ninpu boshūsho
January 15, 1896

 
老耄の航海
Oibore no kōkai 
January 23, 1896
 
劉永福の一死案
Ryū Eifuku no hitoshian
Ryeifuku being lost in deep thought
December 30, 1895
 
手柄ばなし
Tegara-banashi
December 30, 1895

 
大勝な勢ひ
 Taishō na ikioi (Taishō na zeihi)
 
虎の旗の藪入
Tora no hata no yabuiri
November 1895
 
山師の笑談
Yamashi no shōdan
January 23, 1896


List of the 86 Prints from "Long Live Japan: One Hundred Victories, One Hundred Laughs" (Third Part: Russo-Japanese War Series)


 
 
 Title or Description (English)
  Title (Japanese) Date of Publication
 1  強兵の戦任力 
 2  海陸戦争勝技 
 3  仁川艦鯛の一網 
 4   泣き労れ 
 5  章魚の足らひ 
 6  埋へ工夫 
 7  迂露隊砲台 
 8   玉乗の死苦尻 
 9  影弁慶 
 10  飛だ人玉 
 11   苦露熊退治 
 12  逃露々々 
 13  掃ハ内埃ハ外 
 14   手強い兵士 
 15  敵兵の無守備 
 16  両国の大相 
 17  新釣狐 
 18  露都の縮表 
 19  遼東御勘弁 
 20  諸城を踏潰す 
 21  飛だ迷案 
 22  手酷い潰し形 
 23  上等の死露物 
 24  得利寺の打毀れ 
 25   危妙な旗ら気 
 26  露国の号外売 
 27  露将か降将か 
 28  三国拳 
 29  奉天のチヨコ見勢  
 30  露々々艦 
 31  暴露製の安軍艦 
 32  割の宜い勝法 
 33  屠露気武者 
 34  医者にも困つた 
 35  水雷艇の大当 
 36  小癪ツ危兵 
 37  露艦の閉 
 38  敗艦の死末 
 39  露兵の弱無 
 40  危険綱渡り 
 41  愚迂の音も電報 
 42  溺合の馳走 
 43  浦汐の大困雑 
 44  難でも兵器 
 45  一本足の負物 
 46  ちやんと落嬢 
 47  摩天嶺の弱襲 
 48  露将の震軍 
 49  大和玉の御馳走 
 50  戦捷翫弄物 
 51  吐胆の苦し身 
 52  ヅドン勝 
 53  命の白い物 
 54   日露の太刀合 
 55   大兵降の自劣込み 
 56  九連嬢の兵気 
 57   露西亜一流転手固舞 
 58   ヨワールとアワテル 
 59  大負に大薪 
 60  露兵の同死打 
 61  危夫人の大病 
 62  露将の首途 
 63
 面白い苦夫
 64  敵艦の大笑事 
 65  取られ砲台 
 66  日本兵の雷名 
 67  大歯の死術 
 68   三死の面怪 
 69  おか支那逃振 
 70  危隊な大法螺 
 71  海賊船の破滅 
 72  降らぬ騒ぎ 
 73  露兵の倒変木 
 74  苦しい網頼み 
 75  胴背焼潰し 
 76  敗北の御注進 
 77  旅順の玉なし 
 78  露国の戦時観音 
 79  苦しい時の蟹頼み 
 80  達磨大悲 
 81  大男の兵突張 
 82   大痴穢の鬼 
 83  滅茶負の亡 
 84  露艦の角兵衛 
    
    
    

Prints from the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War Series
(note: the following prints are not part of the Collection)


  The Crying Sounds of a Telegram

The army of the north melts away before the Rising Sun

Czar Nicholas II tightrope walking
 
The Ruthless Crusher Japanese Army Grabs Port Arthur
 
The Japanese Octopus off Port Arthur

Dreams of a Russian General