 |
R - r
r Letter representing the Maa alveolar retroflex flap /ɾ/. When /r/ occurs word-finally, it is pronounced as a trill, as is the trill /rr/. (Thus, in this position the phonemes /r/ and /rr/ are pronounced identically. Cf. a-bɔ́r 'to cut, injure' and a-bɔ́r(r) 'be calm').
a-rá v.s. To be equivalent to, be a member of a set or type, have an attribute. Kárá lɔɔ́ lMásʉ̄lā. I am of the lMasula clan (ie. I belong to the lMasula). (SN). Ɨ́rá ɔláɨ́kɔ́shúaani. You are a glutton. (W). Márâ nkɛ́ráɨ́. It is not a child. (S). Nɛ́ra intókitin nílō aɨŋɔrʉ́ oŋúán. The things you are going to look for are four. Tɛ nínkɛn ilkimojík lɔɔ́ nkáɨ́k pokíra nɛ́ra tɔmɔn nɛ́gɨra. If you count the fingers of both hands, they are just ten. Tɛ nɨ́rā taá ɔlɔ́ítīēū... If you can face (him)... (lit: If you are one who can dare). Óre peê iló ɔrá ɔlmʉ́rráni... If you go as a warrior... Ɛ́rá sintêt. It is pink. (W). Usage: When combined with a predicate adjective ra may indicate a permanent or long-term quality, contrasting with use of the prefix ɨ- which may indicate a more temporary quality (unless combined with the Antipassive -ɨshɔ). Compare: Árá pádán. 'I am a sharp-shooter. (always)' (W), vs. Áɨ́pádan. 'I will shoot it exactly. (on a particular occasion)' (W). But note the Antipassive with ɨ-: Ɛɨpádánɨ̄shɔ̄. 'He/she is a sharp-shooter.' (W). See: áâ ‘Be’; táá ‘Be (perfective)’; a-akʉ́ ‘To become’.
a-rác [North] v. [North] To repair an old or breached fence; patch.
a-racaracá [North] v. [North] To have a few small spots of contrasting colours (of animas).
rácátá [North] [North] Nom sg: racatá. [North] Acc pl: racát. [North] Nom pl: racát. n. [North] Small spot of contrasting colour on an animal or in a person's hair.
raganyá [North] [North] Nom sg: ráganyá. n. [North] Residue or derivative of butter or oil.
ɛ-rakará Nom sg: ɛ-rákará. Acc pl: ɨ-rakarân. Nom pl: ɨ-rákarân. n. Usage: colloquial. Skull; head. Syn: ɛm-bɔ́lbɔ́l ‘Skull’. See: ɛn-dʉkʉ́ya; ɛ-lʉ́kʉ́nyá ‘Head’.
ɔ-rakará Big skull; big head.
a-ramát v. 1 • To tend livestock. Néramát ɔlmʉrraní inkíshú. The warrior took care of cows. (W). Néramatísho ɔlmʉrraní. The warrior was taking care (of cows). (W).
2 • To rear. Nɛ́tɔnɨ́ áaramatɨshɔ; néíshó. They stay to rear (their home); they reproduce [have children].
3 • To care for sth., look after. Ekébikóo intókitin pɔ́ɔkɨ náaramát ɨlɔ́ɔpɛ̂ny. All things that their owners care for last long. (Pk). Ɛtaramátua. He has taken care of them coming this way.
4 • [North] To govern. See: a-bár ‘To rear’.
rámat [North] [North] Nom sg: rámât. [North] Acc pl: rámati. [North] Nom pl: rámáti. n. 1 • [North] The art of caring for livestock of all kinds; animal husbandry.
2 • [North] The proper care or governance of anything.
ɛ-rámátarɛ n. Livestock rearing, animal-husbandry. Eyéwuo ɛncân airopijíé ɛrámátarɛ amʉ̂ ɛ́tágóló oshî. The rain has come to make the rearing of livestock bearable because it has been difficult. (Pk). Mmeyíéúní esúnkúreisho tiátua ɛrámátarɛ ɔ́ ɛ́mbɔ́ɨ́ta. Guile is not wanted in living and working together. (Pk).
ɛ-rámátata n. Care. Kɛ́áta ɛ́lɛ́ páyian ɛncʉ́nɛ́t ɛ́ rámátata ó loshô. This man is praised for his care of the community. (lit: This man has praise of care of the community.). See: a-ramát ‘To care’.
ɔ-rámátei Nom sg: ɔ-ramátei. n. Cattle management, cattle culture.
rankaú [North] Variant: rankaúú (North Samburu). [North] Nom sg: ránkaú, ránkaúú (North Samburu). [North] Acc pl: rankaûn. [North] Nom pl: ránkaûn. n. [North] Acacia tree sp.; whistling thorn. acacia drepanolobium, Acacia gerrardii. Kéíkúmo kʉlɔ́ ránkaûn. These whistling thorn trees are many. (SN). See: kaŋû [North] ‘Acacia tree sp.’.
ránki [North] Nom sg: ránkî. Acc pl: ránkīn. Nom pl: ránkīn. n. [North] Paint. Meisʉ́pat alɛ́ ránkî amʉ̂ kótoyó. This paint is not good because it is dry. (SN). Meisʉpáti kʉlɔ́ ránkīn amʉ̂ kótoíto. These paints are not good because they are dry. (SN). Etymology: < Swahili rangi ‘paint, color’.
a-rány v.prog. 1 • To sing. Káke ɛɛ́ta ɛná titó oltóíló sídáí tɛ nɛ́rany. This girl has a beautiful voice when she sings. (Pk). Ɛrányɨ́ta kʉná tánkilên osínkólīō. These women are singing a song. (W).
2 • To dance, sing and chant (all actions simultaneously). Ɛrány ɨlmʉ́rrán tɛ manyatá. Warriors sing-dance inside the Kraal. Néponunûî áaranyɨshɔ tɛ́nâ dúóó áji. People come to sing in the relevant house. A-rány indicates singing and dancing simultaneously or perhaps even more dominantly singing. Among the Maasai there are distinct dancing styles for men vs. women.
a-ranyʉ́ To give a song as a soloist does, to which other singers respond. See: a-igurán; a-shá ‘To dance’; ɛ-rányátá ‘The singing; the dance’.
ɛ-rányárɛ́ [North] Nom sg: ranyarɛ́. n. Singing, dancing. See: a-rány ‘To sing, dance’.
ɛ-rányátá Nom sg: ɛ-ranyatá. Acc pl: ɨ-ranyát. Nom pl: ɨ-rányat. n. Singing, dancing. See: a-rány ‘To sing, dance’.
rápa [North] [North] Nom sg: rápâ. [North] Cow in milk and its calf paid as part of bridewealth, usually given to the mother-in-law. See: l-cɛtɛ́t [North] ‘Ox given as bridewealth’; ríkórét [North] ‘Ox or sheep given as bridewealth’.
ɛ-rapátɛ [South] n. [South] Diaphram. See: ɛn-aigára ‘Diaphram’.
rapáti [North] Nom sg: rápati. Acc pl: rapatîn. Nom pl: rápatîn. n. [North] Soup fat that appears on the top level of the liquid. See: ɔl-arámpâî ‘Cream’.
a-rapósh v. To satisfy with food or drink.
a-raposhó v.mid. 1 • To be satisfied. Kóre peê eraposho olóíŋóní ɔ́tʉpʉshá náa kɛ́shɛr. When a bull which is pround is satisfied/fed up (and wants to fight), it will "grunt". (W). ɔltʉŋáni ɔtarapóshe person who is satisfied. See: a-rapósh ‘To satisfy’; a-imú ‘To be satisfied’.
2 • To be satisfied with food; full. Ɨ́rrɨ́tá taá táatá intaré metáraposhotó. You herded the sheep and goats until they were satisfied. (Pk). Átárápóshe. I have had enough to eat.
3 • To be pregnant (of unmarried girls or cattle). Usage: polite. Ɛtarapóshe ɛná tásat. This woman is pregnant. (30's or so, mother of more than one, typically two) (Pk). Ɛtarapóshe ɛná selenkéí. This young unmarried woman is pregnant. (Pk). See: a-áp ‘To get pregnant before circumcision’.
a-rapʉ́ Variant: apʉ (SR); apaá (SW C). v. 1 • To pick up. Ntáráp nkɨ́tɛ́ŋ Pick up the cow!
2 • To to lift. See: a-dʉmʉ́ ‘To pick up, lift’; a-ɨlepíé ‘To lift’.
a-raroyú v. See: a-aroyú ‘To be takable by force’.
a-rasaá In some suffixed forms without the directional -aa: -rasak. v.dir. 1 • To make war on. Ɨ́kɨ́rasáa. We will make war. (SN).
2 • To attack, raid. Ɛtarasakɨtâ iyíóó lmáŋatí. Enemies attacked us. (SN). Kɛ́rasakɨ́ta iyíóó lmáŋatí. Enemies are attacking us. (SN). Ɨ́kɨ́rasakɨta iyioó lmaŋátī táatá. We are attacking the enemies now. (SN). See: a-ɨtarasaá ‘To hand over’.
ɛ-rasárotó [North] Nom sg: rasárotó. [North] Acc pl: rasarót. n. Attack, attacking, raiding. See: a-rasaá ‘To attack, raid’.
a-rasʉ́ v.dir. 1 • To attack, launch an attack.
2 • To break out (of an epidemic or drought).
3 • To become a nuisance.
rásúnotó [North] [North] Nom sg: rasúnotó. [North] Acc pl: rasunót. n. 1 • [North] Attack of illness.
2 • [North] Attack (eg. of enemies).
a-rásh v. 1 • To daub, splatter, or splash with ochre or chalk.
2 • To make spots on the left and right sides (of an animal). A-rásh is believed purely to be the work of the creator, God. This verb can otherwise only be used in cases where s.o. imaginatively takes the place of God in making spots on animals. arásh olkíné to make spots on both sides of the he-goat. See: a-típ ‘To make spots’.
3 • To stain. Ɛtáráshá ránkî nánká. The paint has stained the cloth. (SN).
4 • [North] To doubt; be torn between two opinions. Míntōki arásh, tʉ́dʉtáí nabô. Do not be torn between two opinions, choose one.
a-rashá v.mid. To have spots or colors all mixed up. Kɛ́rásha ɛndá kɨ́lā olêŋ. This cloth has lots of colors.
ɛ-ráshátá n. Daub, speck, splash, patch. See: a-rásh ‘To daub’; rácátá [North] ‘Small patch of contrasting colour’.
rashé [North] Acc sg: rácé, ráshé. [North] Nom sg: rashé. [North] Acc pl: ráshéta, i-rashéta. [North] Nom pl: rashéta. n. [North] Piece of animal hide, skin; piece of cloth.
a-dúŋ ráché [North] [North] To become a proverb.
ɛ-raúto [North] Acc sg: ráúto. [North] Nom sg: ráút1ō. n. Dusk, twilight. See: téípa ‘Evening’.
a-rayá v.mid. 1 • To love to be somewhere or have sth. against contrary forces. Ɛshɔmɔ́ Tom arayá Naɨrɔ́bɨ hóó néyíéú enkítok ɛ́nyɛ nétií áŋ. Tom has gone to be in Nairobi even though his wife wants him to be at home. This could describe a cat which belongs to one person, but decides to stay with another.
2 • To cling to or form an exclusive relationship with (eg. a person, belief, geographical area, etc.). Ɛtaráyie ntitó lmʉ́rráni wáshâm olêŋ. The girl has decided to have an exclusive relationship with the warrior she loves most. (SN). Kɛ́ráya ntitó lmʉ́rráni. The girl will stick to (decide to have an exclusive relationship with) the warrior.
3 • To move to a man's home for marriage against one's parents' wish (of a girl).
4 • To take sth. by force; raid (eg. cows in a raid). Ɛtaráítie lmáŋatí nkíshú. The enemies have raided/taken away the cows. (SN). Kɛ́ráya lmʉ́rrân nkíshú. The warriors will raid the cattle. (SN).
a-ré v.prog. 1 • To support oneself against a stick or spear. Ágɨ́rā aré eŋúdi. I am leaning against the herding stick. Ɛgɨ́ra áare iŋúsidin. They are leaning against (their) herding sticks. Átério mpɛ́rɛ́. I supported myself using a stick. (L). Note: lk does not recognize any form like [átério]. Áítéréyie. I supported it against it (eg. against a wall). (L).
2 • [North] To step on, tread on a little bit. Tério lconí. Step on the hide. (SN). Kétéríó. He stepped on it. (S). See: a-ɨdásh ‘To trample’.
3 • To weight sth. down. Káréíto mpáláí tɔ soít payíé mɛ́yá síwūō aiminé. I am weighting down the paper with a stone so the wind will not take it away to get it lost. (SN).
4 • To pick up sth. by pressing on it.
5 • [North] To sign. aré sayéi To sign a document. Syn: a-ɨdásh ‘To step on’.
-rɛ appl. Instrumental applicative verb suffix; indicates that the object of the verb is an Instrument or Associative participant. See: -íé ‘Instrumental applicative’; -arɛ ‘MID + INST’.
a-rebúk [North] v. [North] To be wet. Kérúbuk naŋká. The cloth is wet. (S). See: a-shál ‘To be wet’.
a-reikí v. To keep on doing sth. See: a-sheikí ‘To keep on’.
o-réítāī Nom sg: o-reitáí. Acc pl: i-réítā. Nom pl: i-réítâ. n. Slender stick, generally cut from a shrub, used for filling in between major vertical posts of the house to reinforce the mud plaster.
a-rɛ́k v. 1 • To split. Ɛ́rɛ́k. He split it. (W). See: a-danyʉ́; a-ɨpɛ́rr ‘To split’.
2 • [North] To rape.
a-rɛkɨ́ [North] v. 1 • [North] To physically press on; squeeze down. Tɛ́rɛkɨ́ nkɛjʉ́ nkɔ́p. Press your foot on the ground. (SN).
2 • [North] To insist on, stress, demand, require.
3 • [North] To emphasize. Tɛ́rɛkɨ́ dɛɨ́ lɔmɔ́n metíniŋo olêŋ. Stress/emphasize the words so that she may hear well. (SN).
o-rékíé n. Marks left by one's feet or sth. moving in the dirt (eg. a dragging stick).
a-rém v.prog. 1 • To spear, pierce, stab, poke into. Téremo lŋátúny! Spear the lion! (SN). Ási náa tɛ nérem naá dúóó énâ dúóó wúéji natíī olórére... Then when it pops into where people are... (L). Áírémíto ɨnkardasiní. I am piercing papers (eg. with a hole-puncher). (W). Eirémo. It is poked all over. (eg. a ceiling with lots of holes in it). (W). Usage: With a-rém, the 'piercing' or 'poking' does not have to go all the way through the item pierced or poked; it may just partially penetrate the object.. See: a-úd ‘To pierce’.
2 • To inject medicine, immunize.
3 • To plow.
4 • To defame; to speak ill of s.o. without their knowledge to an authority over them, such as a potential father-in-law or employer, in order to gain favor or get sth. Ɛshɔmɔ́ Kónené enetíī ɛláŋátá ɛ Kiméli. Kéyíéú Kónené nɛ́ám ina títō. Káke kóre ɨna títō náa ɛláŋátá ɛ Kiméli. Nélo Kónené arém Kiméli peê etumokí aáwa ina títō. Konene went to Kimeli's girlfriend. Konene wanted to marry that girl. But that girl is Kimeli's girlfriend. Then Konene went to defame Kimeli so that he could marry (take) that girl. (W).
3 • [North] To head for.
a-remishó To be good at spearing. Kérémísho mʉrranɨ́ ótara lŋátuny. The warrior who hit the lion is good at spearing. (S).
a-remokí v.dat. 1 • To stab or spear into.
2 • To give an injection to.
a-remoó v.dir. To launch a spear.
e-remét [North] Nom sg: rémet. [North] Acc pl: rɛmɛ́ta. [North] Nom pl: rɛ́mɛta. n. 1 • Spear. See: ɛm-pɛ́rɛ́ ‘Spear’.
2 • [North] Spear butt. See: a-rém ‘To pierce’.
a-remokí [North] v.dat. [North] To pour all or most of a liquid.
e-rémóré Nom sg: e-rémore. n. 1 • Spearing.
2 • Fighting. See: a-rém ‘To spear’.
e-rémóré [North] n. [North] Type of blessing to a barren woman by a group of boys who come together for this particular purpose in hope that she will conceive. See: a-mayíán ‘To bless’.
e-rémótó Nom sg: e-remotó. Acc pl: i-remót. Nom pl: i-rémot. n. 1 • Spear thrust or wound; stabbing, piercing, poking.
2 • [North] Injection. See: a-rém ‘To pierce’.
a-rɛ́p v. To stick to, cleave to, glue to. Tɛ́rɛpa ŋútúnyí, ná-kɛráí! Cleave (hold tight) to your mother, you child! (SN). Note: ná kɛráí is pronounced as one word. sl prefers writing it as one word; lk and km would prefer to write it as two words. nánká natɛrɛpá ránkî the cloth that the paint has stuck on (SN).
a-rɛpaá v.dir. 1 • To cling.
2 • To push against.
3 • To touch.
4 • [North] To be ahead of, surpass (as in a race).
a-rɛpaá v.dir. To bypass, go beyond. Mɨ́rɛpáá nkáŋ. Don't bypass the home. (SN). Kárɛ́páa ldɔ caní. I will go beyond that tree. (SN).
a-rɛpɛ́ny v. 1 • To be impaired (of speech). Ɛtɛ́rɛ́pɛ́nyá móyian lŋɛ́jɛ́p. The disease has impaired his/her tongue. (SN).
2 • To dent (eg. tin cans). See: a-rɔgɔ́ny ‘To disfigure, dent’.
a-reré v. 1 • To straighten sth. Káréré sobwâ. I will straighten the stick. [It is still wet and can be manipulated) (SN). Átérério senkéi nagól. I have straightened the tough wire. (SN). Térerio sobwâ éwûôn écâl. Straighten the stick while it is still wet. (SN). Note: [téɾeɾio sòbwá èwwòn ètʃal] with low-fallinɡ on the final syllable of the phrase.
2 • To put an issue right, rectify, work out a difficulty. Térerio anâ báê tɔ̌rrnɔ. [téɾeɾio àná bàè tɔ̌rnɔ̀] Straighten out this issue. (SN).
3 • [North] To correct sth.
a-reríó v.mid. To straighten or stretch oneself. Óre peê ereríó... When she [a baby] stretches herself... Kétérérie. He has stretched himself out.
a-rɛrɛ́ [North] v. [North] To fight with. Kááyíéú náárɛ́rɛ̄ táatá. I want to fight you right now. (SN).
rɛ́rɛ́ɨ́ [North] [North] Nom sg: rɛrɛ́ɨ́. [North] Acc pl: rereí. [North] Nom pl: réreí. n. Word, sound, talking. See: o-róreí ‘Word, sound’; a-ɨrɔ́ ‘To speak’.
a-rɛ́sh [North] v. 1 • [North] To be tight (eg. a belt).
2 • [North] To be difficult (eg. a famine). Kɛ́tɛ́rɛ́sha. It is tight/difficult. Note: This word may be related to a-rɨ́sh 'separate,' as mk kept referring to a belt being so tight it cut you, or a famine that felt like that. There was, however, a distinct contrast in pronunciation.
a-rét Causative: -retie. v.prog. 1 • To help. Kɛ́gɨ́ra ɨlpáyianí áaret inkinejí. The men are helping the goats (eg. to deliver). Kɛ́gɨ́ra ɨlpáyianí áaret inkinejí metɔ́tɔní. The men are helping the goats to stay. Kárétíto mɛtɔ́lɔpɨshɔ. I am helping him to vomit. (eg. as when s.o. is ill). Táretokokí ɛnkɛ́ráí ololá. Help the child with the luggage. Kírét ɛnkɨ́tɛŋ. The cow helps you. (W). Mɨ́kɨ́táréto ɛnkɨ́tɛŋ. May the cow help you. (W). See: e-réto ‘Help’.
2 • To be nutritious. Mérêt ɛndáa. She is thin. (lit: The food does not help her. ie. She does not become hefty but remains slim.). This does not imply that one is sick, but is a standard expression for a genetic body-type; or it could be due to stress at a certain point in one's life that the person looses weight and stays slim regardless of how much is eaten, as when a man over-stresses his wife. Ɛgɨ́ra ɛntásât aipusíé oloshoró óôk ɨnkɛ́râ peê érêt. The old woman is adding milk to the porridge that the children drink so that it can be nutritious.
áa-retokino v.dat v.mid v.pl. To cooperate, help each other.
a-retoó v.dir. To help along, accompany, lend support.
a-retú v.dir. To help s.o. in difficulty, aid. Eretú ɔlpáyīān ɛnkɛ́ráɨ́ teŋúdî. The man will help the child using a stick. Táretúóki. Help me (eg. to understand the meaning of a Maa sentence). Táretú ɛnkɛ́ráí. Help the child.
o-rététí Nom sg: o-retetí. Acc pl: i-rétét. Nom pl: i-retét. [North] Acc sg: rététī. [North] Nom sg: retétī. [North] Acc pl: rɛ́tɛ́t. [North] Nom pl: rɛtɛ́t. n. 1 • Type of very large tree which usually grows on the banks of streams. The fruit is red inside with lots of seeds, soft when ripe, wrinkles when dry, and can be eaten fresh or dried. The tree is smaller than sapitêî, and is usually considered sacred. ficus natalensis, ficus sycomorus, ficus gnaphalocarpa, ficus mucosa, Ficus wakefieldii. Kémelók alɛ́ retétī nkátá pɔɔkɨ́. This fig tree is sweet all the time. (SN).
2 • The edible fruit of this tree.
a-rɛtɨ́ʉ́ [North] v.prog. [North] To stretch. Kárɛ́tɨ́ʉ́ɨ́ta. I'm stretching. (S).
e-réto [North] Acc sg: réto, retóto. [North] Nom sg: rétô. [North] Acc pl: retót. [North] Nom pl: retót. n. Help, assistance, aid, free gift (esp. in the form of a small gift of money or chai). See: a-rét ‘To help’.
a-réú v. To inquire; ask. Usage: rare. This is usually used when "eating" or shairing news, after every major point or point before another major point.
a-iteréú To investigate; inquire; ask.
a-rɛ́ʉ́ [àɾɛ́w] v.prog. 1 • To drive sth. away. Árɛ́wɨ́ta inkíshú oreyíét. I am taking the cows to the river. (W). Ɛrɛwɨ́ inkíshú ɛnkárɛ́. The cows will be driven to the water place. Tɛ́rɛwa ngárri. Drive the car away! (SN). Ɛgɨ́ra aaparɛ́ oldóínyó aló arɛʉ́ inkíshú. [or àrèú with two final moras] He is going alongside the hill to go and bring the cows. (W).
2 • To send, send out. arɛ́ʉ́ mpálāī [àrɛ́w] to send a letter (SN). Kárrínyíto ntaré arɛwakɨ́ lopény. I am returning these goats to the owner. (SN).
a-rɛʉ́ [North]: a-rɛʉʉ́. In some sufixed forms: -rɛʉn. v.dir. To drive sth. (cattle, car, etc.) towards the point of reference. arɛʉ́ To drive sth. towards. Népūōī áarɛʉ inkíshú. They brought the cows. Ɛrɛʉ́nɨ̄ inkíshú áŋ. The cows will be driven home. Kárɛ̄ʉ̄ nkíshú. I will drive the cows this way. (SN).
a-rɛwaá v.dir. To drive away (eg. animals). See: a-ɨrrɨwaá; a-ipaayá ‘To send’.
o-reyíét Nom sg: o-réyīēt. Acc pl: i-reyíétā. Nom pl: i-réyīētā. n. Natural stream of flowing water; river. Etíí ɛnkárɛ̄ oreyíét. There is water in the river. See: ɔl-kɛjʉ́ ‘Stream, river’; e-wúáso ‘River’; sɛrɛ ‘River’.
a-reyíó [North] v. [North] To track sth.
réyíóró [North] [North] Nom sg: reyioró. n. [North] An attempt to rejoin a group after being separated (of people, cattle, etc.).
a-rɨ́c [North] v. [North] To adjudicate, judge.
rɨ́cátá [North] [North] Nom sg: rɨcatá. [North] Acc pl: rɨcát. [North] Nom pl: rɨcát. n. 1 • [North] Small space between two physical objects; gap.
2 • [North] Interval between two points in time. See: a-rɨ́sh ‘To separate’; ɛ-rɨ́shátá ‘Gap, interval’.
a-ricíé [North] v.inst. [North] To prevent from reaching.
a-ricieré [North] v. [North] To use for killing (eg. a spear).
rɨcɨná [North] [North] Nom sg: rɨ́cɨná. [North] Acc pl: rɨcɨnaní. [North] Nom pl: rɨ́cinaní. n. [North] Horizontal roof beams of a traditional house held up by pillars; rafter.
a-ricó v. To have a tendency of hitting or chasing people or animals; wild. It is particularly bad when an animal like this is giving birth.
rígó [North] [North] Nom sg: rigó. [North] Acc pl: rígôn. [North] Nom pl: rigón. n. [North] Gerenuk. Litocranius walleri.
a-rík v.prog. 1 • To take s.o. somewhere, travel along with s.o. to show the way; lead, guide, direct. arík ɨltʉ́ŋáná To lead the people (to be a leader). Lɔ́ mʉrraní, tɨ́rɨsha iyíóók peê irík obô. Warrior, separate us so that you can go with one (of us). Érík. He will lead it. Erikí. He will be led. Áríkɨ́to. I am leading. Eríkíto. He is leading. (W). Kóre peê iló amɨ́r incereretí tɛ mparɛ́t, nírīk ɨ́lɔ̂ dîâ sápʉk. When you go to chase the monkies from the garden, you take that big dog with you. (W). Ɨ́mbʉŋá ɛnâ óítóí amʉ̂ nɨnyɛ́ níkīrīk enetíī ilótorok. Follow this path because it leads you to where the bees are. (W). nkíshú naarík lmɔŋɔ́ lɔ́ ltúálá [lmɔŋɔ́ lɔ́ ! ltúálá] the cows that are led by the ox with the bell (SN).
2 • To take (lead) a woman from her home to one's own home; marry. Ɛtáá képuonú ɛnkáŋ ɔlɛ́ Suyɨ́ánka áarik entítō. Ole Suyianka's family is about to come and take the girl for marriage. (Pk). Nírīk entítō ɛnkáŋ inó. You lead the girl to your home.
a-rikó v.mid. 1 • To be led, guided.
2 • [North] To be of a pair (usually said of a mother goat and her kid).
a-rikú v.dir. To lead towards. Etoríkuokí dúóó oltórróboní olotú amʉrát ɨlayîôk. An expert in circumcision who will come to circumcise boys has been brought. Nélōtū naá arikú entítō, amʉ̂ ɛ́táá naá ɔlpayíán. He comes now to lead (marry) a girl, because he has become a man. Torikú oldîâ Bring a dog! (W). See: e-ríkúnotó ‘Marriage’; ɔl-aríkoni ‘Leader’.
a-rɨ́k v.prog. To nauseate by being too rich (of food, also of wealth). Ɛrɨkɨ́ta. It is causing nausea. Ɛrɨ́kɨ́ta. It is causing nausea. (W). Ɛ́rɨ́k. He will cause nausea. Ɛrɨ́kɨ̄shɔ̄. He will cause nausea. (W).
a-rɨká v.mid. 1 • To be more than satisfied (with food, wealth). Átɨ́rɨ́kɛ tɔɔ́ síôm. [tɔ̀ɔ́ sìòm] I am more than satisfied with livestock. (SN). See: a-itemú ‘To satisfy’.
2 • To be overly satisfied or nauseated (with fatty food, wealth). Átáŋásúá arɨká. I have begun to get satisfied. (SN). Áaɨtɨrɨkɨtâ nkáwâ. The fatty meat has nauseated me. (SN).
a-rikinishíó v.mid. 1 • To be forgotten.
2 • To be forgetful.
a-rikinó v v.aux+subjn-infinitive. To slip one's mind, forget. Ékíjokí iyíé peê míkíríkínō ɨlɔ̂ tʉ́ŋání ɔmáɨ́dɨpá. We ask you not to forget that person until we are finished. (lit: We ask you so that person doesn't slip your mind until (we) are finished.).
a-rikiné v.pf. To have forgotten.
ríko n. Gerenuk.
e-ríkóre Nom sg: e-rikoré. n.sg. Leading.
e-ríkórét Acc pl: i-rikoreta. [North] Nom sg: rikorét. n. n. Ram which is slaughtered when a bride is being led away for marriage (lit: thing to lead with).
2 • n. [North] Bridewealth in the form of an ox or sheep. See: a-rík ‘To lead’.
e-ríkótó n. Leading.
e-ríkúnotó n. Marriage. eríkúnotó ɔ́ lpayíán é nkitók the marriage of a man to a woman. See: a-rík ‘To lead’.
o-rinká Nom sg: o-rínkā. Acc pl: i-rinkân. Nom pl: i-rínkan. n. Wooden club with a heavy round head and narrow shaft, made to throw at wild animals. See: ɛ-síárɛ̂ ‘Club’.
a-rɨ́ny v. To talk boastfully.
a-rɨnyakɨ́ v.dat. To talk boastfully to s.o. See: a-pʉ́rd ‘To smash’.
e-ríótó n. A stride. Syn: e-rórúátá ‘A stride’.
a-rɨ́p v. 1 • To sew, mend, tailor. Ɛwá nánká arɨ́p. She/he has taken the cloth to sew. (SN). Ɨ́yaʉ́ empítō nárípíé ɛnâ kɨlâ natɔpɔlɔ́sɛ. Bring me a thread which I will use to sew this cloth which is torn. (Pk).
2 • To make from beads.
a-rɨpaá v.dir. 1 • To sew up.
2 • To enclose, seal up.
a-rɨpakɨ́ v.dat. To sew on or for; to make from beads for. Ɛgɨ́ra náají entitó arɨpakɨ́ ɔrmʉ́rráni ɔrkatáarr. The unmarried girl was making a bracelet for a warrior. (Pk).
o-rírí Nom sg: o-rirí. n. Termite. See: ɔl-ásai ‘Termite’; en-tirankô ‘Red ant’.
rírí Nom sg: ririn. adj. Colour possessed by the termite: characteristically red and white. When applied to a cow, indicates red head and white body. Áírírí orirí ɔ́ɨ́nɔsá inkamʉ́ka áinéí. The termite that ate my shoes is white with a red head. (Pk). Orkítéŋ rírí ŋolé étéyíáŋákakɨ́ nkúyiaa. It is an oxen that had a red head and white body that was slaughtered yesterday for my grandfather. (Pk). Ɛɨnyaŋákakɨ́ Sénéwa ɛnkɨlâ rírí. Senewa was bought a tunic (cloth) that is red at the top and white at the lower part. (Pk). See: o-rírí ‘Termite’; kúrrúkúr ‘Having a random red and white pattern’.
ríríóí [North] Nom sg: riríóí. [North] Acc pl: rírio. [North] Nom pl: ríríô. n.sg. 1 • Sticky sap or substance from a tree (eg. a gum tree).
2 • Honey without wax; thin clarified honey. Ríríóí námélók aná. This is the sweet honey. (SN).
o-risási Nom sg: o-rísasi. Acc pl: i-risasiní. Nom pl: i-rísasiní. [North] Nom sg: form above.. n. Bullet, cartridge. Ɛɨmɨ́ná rɨ́sasi óbo. One bullet is lost. (SN). Borrowed word: Swahili risasi 'bullet'.
a-risieré [North] v. [North] To resemble in appearance. See: a-dɨ́p ‘To resemble’.
áa-risio v.mid.pl. 1 • To be equal, be the same. Kérísio kʉná ámʉ́ka. These shoes are the same. (SN).
2 • To resemble another.
3 • To be level. See: a-itorís ‘To equalize’.
a-risioré v.appl. To be equal with or to.
a-rɨ́sh v. 1 • To separate, divide. Káūn olpááshíé arɨ́sh olcámpa láí ɔ́lɛ Tinkóī I will put up a fence to separate my land from Tinkoi's. Tɨ́rɨsha lɛ́lɔ̂ tʉ́ŋánák! Separate those people! (eg., when fighting). Tórishie inkíshú enkurmá Keep the cows away from the garden!
2 • To adjudicate, judge. Átɨ́rɨ́sha lɛ́wa. I have (helped) settle the dispute between the men. (SN). See: a-rɨ́c [North].
3 • [North] To be difficult 'to the point of cutting'. This could be said of a time/place where there is hunger, and people say it is cutting them off, 'like a tight belt.'.
a-rɨshá v.mid. To be divided.
a-ɨtɨrɨ́sh v.cause. To cause s.o. to choose from a number of alternatives.
a-rishíé v.inst. 1 • To separate from.
2 • To settle a dispute. See: a-igúén ‘To judge’; a-ikumu ‘To judge’; a-ɔ́r ‘To divide’; a-gɛ́l ‘To divide, sort out’.
ɛ-rɨ́shátá Nom sg: ɛ-rɨshatá. Acc pl: ɨ-rɨshát. Nom pl: ɨ-rɨ́shat. n. 1 • Boundary.
2 • Space between.
3 • Interval of time. Etushúke kʉ́rʉm tɛnâ rɨshatá aló ajó abayíé. He is behind (eg., in his class) at this time, to almost the last one. (Pk). Nɛ́baʉ̄ dúóó ɛrɨshatá náyīēū nɛ́yamɨ́shɔ. And a time comes when he wants to marry. Eyéwuo ɛnkɔ́jɔŋáni aishiaakinoré ɛrɨ́shátá ɛncân. The coming of mosquito has come to correspond to the rainy season. (Pk). See: ɛn-kátá ‘Time’; ɛm-báka; ol-kírríé; ol-pólósíé ‘Boundary’; nɛwɔ́rɔrɛ [Chamus] ‘Boundary’.
a-rishíé v. 1 • To stop s.o. from doing sth. harmful or shameful.
2 • To reach ahead of s.o. else.
3 • To snatch before s.o. else gets sth.
ɛ-rɨ́shɨná Variant: rɨ́shɨ́nâ. Nom sg: ɛ-rɨ́shɨná. Acc pl: ɨ-rɨshɨnaní. Nom pl: ɨ-rɨ́shɨnaní. n. Main supporting sticks supported by l-ŋápɛ́, forming the ceiling of a Maasai or Samburu house. A house has at least two which cross each other, themselves supported by the upright l-ŋɔ́pɛ́. (SL). See: em-bókíshiī ‘Verticle construction posts’; l-ŋápɛ́ ‘Supports’; ɨl-ɔ́ɔm ‘Horizontal construction sticks.’; enk-opitó ‘String’.
ɔ-rɨtɛ́t Nom sg: ɔ-rɨ́tɛt. Acc pl: ɨ-rɨtɛ́ta. Nom pl: ɨ-rɨ́tɛta. n. Back of the leg between buttocks and knee. When an animal is slaughtered, this part of an animal is given to a pregnant woman.
a-rɔ́ In some suffixed forms: -rɔr. PF: -rua. v. To kick, step on. Ɛ́rɔ́. He will kick. Etórúá síkíria nkíné nɛ́gɨl múrt. The donkey kicked the goat and broke its neck. (SN). Tórua mpɨ́ra. Kick the ball. (SN). See: a-rɔrɔ́ ‘To stand on’.
a-rɔgɔ́ny v.prog. To disfigure sth. (eg. of metal). Ɛtɔ́rɔ́gɔ́nyákɨ subúria aáí. My sufuria has been disfigured. (SN). Mayíólo ltʉŋánɨ ɔtɔ́rɔgɔnyɔ́ saáni ááí. I don't know the person who disfigured my plate. (SN). Árɔ́gɔ́nyɨ́ta. I am crumpling it up/disfiguring it. (W).
a-rɔ́j v.prog. 1 • To signal secretly by some non-verbal means (eg. by touch or eye). Ɛ́rɔjɨ́ metúpurróí inkíshú. He will be signalled to steal the cows. Ɛ́tɔ́rɔ́já metúpurróí inkíshú. He signalled him to steal the cows. Tɔ́rɔja olcoré linó mélo enetíī ɔlárrábal. Signal your friend not to go to where there is war. Shɔ́mɔ tɔ́rɔjɔ sútúó linó meéu bɔɔ́. Go and signal your friend to come out. (SN). See: a-káld ‘To becon’.
2 • To nudge. Káɨ́bá náarɔjɨ́. I hate being nudged. (SN).
a-rɔjá v.mid. To be signaled. Ɛ́ɨ́páŋá ɔlmʉrraní amʉ̂ ɛrɔ́ja. The warrior went out because he was signalled.
a-rɔjaá v.dir. 1 • To secretly signal away.
2 • To betray.
a-rɔjʉ́ v.dir. To becon (esp. secretely).
ɛ-rɔ́ja Nom sg: ɛ-rɔ́jâ. n.sg. A signal, eg. to look at s.o. or sth. See: a-rɔ́j ‘To give a sign; nudge, becon’.
ɛ-rɔ́járɛ́ [North] Nom sg: rɔjarɛ́. n. 1 • Beconing.
2 • [North] Making fun of s.o. without their knowing it. See: a-rɔ́j ‘To signal’.
rójúnotó [North] [North] Nom sg: rojúnotó. [North] Acc pl: rojunót. n. [North] A becon. See: a-rɔ́j ‘To signal’.
a-rɔ́k [Chamus] Acc sg: rokú. PL: rɔɔ́k. v.s. 1 • To be black. Kɔ́rɔ́k alɛ́ áɨ́ŋɔ̄nɨ̄. This bull is black. (SN). ɔltʉŋáni ɔ́rɔ́k Person with a black complexion. ɔltʉŋáni ɔ́rɔ́kɛ́na enkúkúó Person with charcoal-black skin. Etíī ɛnkátampôî nárɔk ɛnkáɨ́. A black cloud is in the sky. Laɨŋɔ́nɨ ɔ́rɔ́k óéuó nkáŋ. It is the black bull that came home. (SN). kʉnâ búkuí aré naárɔɔ́k sidaîn these two good black books (W).
2 • Having no light; gloomy. Kɛ́rɔ́k olóip. The shade is black.
3 • To be empty, devoid of.
4 • To be poor. Kááɨ́tɔ́rɔk. I will make you poor. (lit: I will make you black.). Átɔ́rɔ́ka. I have become poor.
4 • (As of water) To be pure; spotlessly clean.
a-rɔká v.mid. To be blackened.
a-rɔkayú v.incep. To be able to be blackened.
a-rokú v.incep. To turn black, become black. Eróku. It becomes black.
em-pesho na-rɔk Uselessness, vanity, empty nothings.
ɔl-tʉŋáni lo lɔrɔk A covetous man.
a-rɔ́k oípi v.phrase. To be ungrateful (lit: to be black the shade).
ɛ-rɔ́k Nom sg: ɛ-rɔk. Acc pl: ɛ-rɔ́ɔ̄k. Nom pl: ɛ-rɔɔ́k. n. Black one.
a-rɔ́k ómom v.s. 1 • To be unfortunate, unlucky, unsuccessful. Usage: metaphor. Ɛrɔ́k ómom Pita amʉ̂ ɛtáláíkíne ayáma ɨ́nâ títō. Pita is unfortunate because he was not able to woo that girl. (W). ɔltʉŋáni ɔ́rɔ́k ómom person who is unfortunate, unlucky. In W, this may have the connotation of not being cheerful.
2 • To have a black face.
a-rɔ́k ɔ́ŋʉ v.s. 1 • To be unable to identify things, eg. unable to identify one's own cows, or recognize which cows are missing.
2 • To be envious.
3 • To have a black eye. Usage: lit.
a-rɔ́k ɔ́shɔ́kɛ v.s. 1 • To be hard-hearted, unkind, unforgiving, uncaring, stingy, selfish, unsociable, stubborn. Káarɔ́k ɔ́shɔ́kɛ. I am hard-hearted. Kɛ́rɔ́k ɔ́shɔ́kɛ ɔlpayíán. The man is unkind, heard-hearted. Kɨ́rɔ́k ɔ́shɔ́kɛ. We are unforgiving/selfish. (W). An individual like this does not greet others even if he knows them, does not respond or does so only curtly. The person does not help others when they are needy, and is unfeeling. The behavior may be temporary or permanent, but the individual is this way for no reason.
2 • To have a black stomach. Káarɔ́k ɛnkɔ́shɔ́kɛ. My stomach is black (eg. it is covered with charcoal). Ant: a-ɨbɔ́rr ɔ́shɔkɛ ‘Merciful’.
a-rɔ́k táʉ v.s. 1 • To not show any feelings, neither positive nor negative.
2 • To be black of heart. Usage: literal.
ɛ-rɔkán Nom sg: ɛ-rɔ́kan. n. The state of being black, blackness. Éísápʉ̄k ɛrɔkán ɛ́nkɔ́p tenédōyīō ɛnkɔ́lɔ̄ŋ Blackness becomes greater on the ground when the sun sets. See: a-rɔ́k ‘To be black’.
ɛ-rɔkán e-omóm Unluckiness. Enótó Jois ɛnkɛ́ráí oeŋwán náishúnyie. Mayíólo ajó káa rɔkán eomóm ɛná náata. Jois gave birth to her fourth child, but she passed away. I don't know which kind of unluckiness it is that Jois has! (W). See: a-rɔ́k ómōm ‘To be unlucky’.
rokíci [North] n. [North] Blackness. See: a-rɔ́k ‘To be black’.
a-rokú In some suffixed forms: rokun. v. 1 • To become black.
2 • To become very angry. Etymology: *rɔk (cf. Vossen's Proto-Ongamo-Maa *-roku or *-rɔkʊ 'become black' (1989:195); but even in POM this must have been a sequence of the root *rɔk plus the Inceptive morpheme *-un or *-ʊn.).
a-rokú ɔ́shɔ́kɛ v.phrase. To become angry, glower (lit: to become black the stomach).
ɛ-rɔ́kwɛ́ɛ́t n. Rope. See: ɛn-kɛɛnɛ́; ol-gosôî; ɔl-kɨ́ɨ́ta ‘Rope’.
o-rómpó Acc pl: i-rómpoí. n. Two-kilogram tin. When empty, the tin is used for measuring maize, beans, etc. Borrowed word: Swahili.
i-Rómpoí n.prop. In Il-Wuasinkishu, this age set started in April 1992. This name was applied to them by an older age set and is perjorative. As a result, members of the age set gave themselves the name il-Meiseyíéki 'the untouchables'. Etymology: o-rómpó, from Swahili word for 'two kilogram bag of maize'. Name for age set formed in 1992.
a-rón v. To go without water for a time. This is typical for livestock during the dry season and is planned by their owners for up to three days at a time. Etórónô nkíshu mperót uní. The cows have gone without water for three days. (SN). See: a-itoroníó [North] ‘To be thirsty or hungry’; a-pukoó ‘To stay without food’.
róncó Nom sg: roncó. n. Driving of cattle to a distant place for a period of months; looking after cows in a far land. Ɛshɔmɔ̂ ɨlkaɨrɨ́sh áaɨrrɨta inkíshú tɛ rónco. The junior elders from warriorhood have gone to look after cattle away from home. See: ɔ-lálɛ́ ‘Cattle camp’.
rɔ́nkáí Nom sg: rɔnkaí. Acc pl: rónkéní. Nom pl: ronkení. adj. Slim (of people, possibly animals if referring to genetic makeup); narrow (path, road, narrow plain); thin (of materials such as glass or wood, comparing two trees). Ɛ́ɨ́rɔ̄nkāī ɔltʉ́ŋání ɔ́nya ɛndáa kɨtɨ́. A person who eats little food is slim. Kɛ́ɨ́rɔ́nkáí aná oitéí. This path is narrow. (SN). Sobúá rɔ́nkáí etudúŋūā. It is a thin herding stick that he cut (from a tree). (SN). See usage note at a-pɨrɨ́k 'to be narrow'. See: a-pɨrɨ́k ‘To be narrow’; sâs ‘Emaciated’.
ɛ-rɔ́nkáí Nom sg: ɛ-rɔnkáí. Acc pl: ɨ-rɔ́nkɛ́na. Nom pl: ɨ-rɔnkɛná. n. Piece of defatted meat; piece of fried meat.
ɨ-rɔ́nkɛ́na Nom pl: ɨ-rɔnkɛná. n.pl. Meat left after extracting fat by cooking; fried meat. This kind of meat is a delicacy. See: ɛ-rɔnkáí ‘Piece of defeated meat’; n-káwa [North] ‘Defatted meat’; en-kiriŋó ‘Meat’.
ɛ-rɔ́nkɛ́nɔ́ n. Slimness. Mmíkíncɔ̄ ɛrɔnkɛnɔ́ íncop ɨna kɨlâ. (Your) slimness will not permit you to wear that piece of clothing (eg., it will be too baggy). See: rɔ́nkáí ‘Slim’.
a-ronkenú v. To grow slim (of people or animals). Ɛgɨ́ra ɛnkɛ́ráí nágɨ́rá abʉlʉ́ aronkenú. The child who is growing is getting slim. (Pk).
ronkó [North] Nom sg: rónkō. [North] Acc pl: ronkón, ronkôn. [North] Nom pl: rónkon. n. Dik-dik. For S, Wagner states this apparently includes Phillips, Kirk's and Guenther's varieties. madoquinai, madoqua, Rhynchotragus. Ɛkwɛ́tá rónkō aisudorí. The dik-dik has run away to hide. (SN). Ronkó deí ɛtárá. It is a dik-dik that he/she killed. (SN).
rɔ́nkɔ́ɨ́ [North] [North] Nom sg: rɔnkɔ́ɨ́. [North] Acc pl: rɔ́nkɛn. [North] Nom pl: rɔ́nkɛ̂n. adj. [North] Narrow. See: rɔ́nkáí ‘Slim, narrow’.
o-rôny Nom sg: o-rôny. Acc pl: i-rónyi. Nom pl: i-rónyî. n. 1 • Shoulderblade.
2 • Shoulder. See: ol-bóítáí ‘Shoulder, shoulder blade’; dápásh ‘Broad, wide’; ɔl-ɔɨlɨ́lâî; ɛm-pʉ̂s; ɔ-sɨ̂p ‘Shoulder’.
a-rɔ́ny v.prog. Shave s.o. Shɔ́mɔ tɔ́rɔnyɔ nkɛ́ráí. Go and shave the child. (SN). Nkɛ́ráí narɔnyɨ́táɨ́ náɨ́shɨrɨta. It is the child who is being shaved that is crying. (SN). In some Maa sections the word a-rɔ́ny 'to shave' is used in the place of a-bárn 'to shave' at night, as the latter is said to have some spiritual implications when mentioned at night. See: a-bárn ‘To shave’.
a-roó v. To make sth. fall. See: a-úr ‘To fall’.
áa-rɔ́ɔ́k óipí v. 1 • To be obscure or hard to identify; this might be because the item is hard to distinguish from its environment, or because its color blends into the background (lit: to be black the shades). Kɛ́rɔ́ɔ́k óipí olósokuan. The buffalo is hard to see.
2 • To be ungrateful. See: a-rɔ́k ‘To be black’.
a-rɔ́p v. To bribe, appease. Ɛtɔ́rɔ́pá lpáyian látíá ɛnyɛ́ aishó ntáré payîê mélíkóo áajo nɨnyɛ́ ɔ́tarúá nkíshú. The man has bribed his neighbours by giving them goats so that they may not report that he raided/stole (lit: beat toward the pt. of reference) the cows. (SN).
ropíya [North] [North] Money. See: e-ropíyia ‘Money’.
e-ropíyia Nom sg: e-rópíyíá. Acc pl: ɨ-ropiyianí. Nom pl: ɨ-rópiyianí. [Chamus] Acc sg: ropɨ́ya. [North] Acc sg: ropíya. [North] Nom sg: rópiyīa. [North] Acc pl: ropiyaní. [North] Nom pl: rópiyaní. n. 1 • Money. Íncoóí iropiyianí meshómōī áaīɨnyaŋʉ ɛndáa. Give away money so that food can be bought. (Pk). Áayewûô ɛldɛ̂ páyian aisilén iropiyíán áinéí. That man has come to borrow money from me. (Pk). Kɛáta rópiyaní tɨ́pat. Money has worth. (S).
2 • Two shilling piece. Imeékúré doí apá áâ eropíyia ɛnkʉjɨtá ɔ́ɔ lmánkai. One string of beads is no longer a two-shilling piece. (Pk). Usage: In Pk i-ropiyaní is the most generic word for 'money'. In North Samburu, ahe singular is rare and any sense of the source for this term in rupee is lost; ropiyianí simply means 'money'.. Etymology: < Rupee. See: en-cilínki; ɛn-kɔ́shɔ́láí; e-núsu; ɛm-pɨ́sáí ‘Money’.
a-ropocó [North] v. [North] To have enough of sth., be satisfied with it. Kátoropóco ndáa. I've had enough food. (S). Syn: a-imís ‘To be satisfied’.
a-ropú [North] v.dir. [North] To skim the fat or cream off (of soup, milk).
o-róréí Nom sg: o-roréí. Acc pl: ɨ-róreí. Nom pl: ɨ-róreí. [North] Acc sg: réréí. n. 1 • Word. Iyíólo oróréí lé emúá. [lémúá] Do you know the word emúá? (W). Ɨncɔɔ́kɨ ɛnkardási náígérie kʉlɔ̂ róreí. Give me a paper to write these words. (Pk). Ɔlairúkoni Kónené ó róréí lɔ́ lpayíán. Konene is a believer in the word of the man. (W). Tábolo inkííyāā inónók; máíniŋinó oróréí lɛ́ nKáí. Open your ears; let's listen to the word of God. (W).
2 • Words said over and over that indicate how disatisfied and annoyed the speaker is, which are intended to annoy the hearer so that the hearer will take action of some kind; spoken "noise", blather, complaint. Usage: esp. singular. aósh oróréí to make noise (ie., to complain. lit: to hit the word).
3 • Noise of any sort which is irritating to the hearer. Usage: rare. See: ol-buaá; ɔ-lɔlɛpɨlɛpí ‘Noise’; l-oilɛmɨlɛmɨ́ [North] ‘Noise’; a-ɨlɛpɨlɛ́p ‘To talk a lot, make noise’.
e-rórêt Nom sg: e-rorét. Acc pl: ɨ-róretí. Nom pl: ɨ-róretí. n. Lawn, place of short grass.
a-rɔrɔ́ v. 1 • To step on, tread on, trample. Ɛtɔ́rɔ́rɔ́ nkíshu úátá. The cows thave trodden the fence. (SN). Míntókí doí arɔrɔ́ ɛnkɔ́p tɔɔlkímojik aké tóroroyie siî nɨnyɛ́ entútúnyó. Stop standing on the ground with your toes alone; but also stand with your heel. (Pk).
2 • [North] To slide, slip (as on scree). Kátɔ́rɔ́rɔ. I have slid. (S).
e-rórúátá Nom sg: e-roruatá. Acc pl: i-rorúát. Nom pl: i-rorúát. n. Footprint, step. See: n-tápáníé ‘Footprint’.
a-rót v. 1 • To have diarrhoea, dyssentry, defecate. Ɛshɔmɔ́ arót. He is really sick with dyssentry. (lit: He has gone to diarrhoea.) (SN). Kórot aná kɛ́ráí. This child is having diarrhoea. (SN). Usage: In S, this is a slang if applied to people, but non slang for animals..
2 • [South] To be punished.
3 • To be "gunky".
a-rɔyɛ́ [North] v.aux. [North] To continue, keep at sth.
a-royíé [Chamus] In some suffixed forms: a-royíék. v. Néroyíéki aké áara. And people just fought. (C). Néroyie mɛtáa ɛ́tárá ɨltʉ́ŋáná lɛ́nkáɨ́ cótó. It happened that they have killed people of the other side. (C). níroyíé apɨ́k mpɛ́rɛ́ nɨnyɛ́ you go ahead and spear (C).
a-rú v. To make a sound as of a cow, donkey, sheep, goat, cock, crow, etc. This sound is mostly made by animals. It includes some bird calls, but excludes chirping and warbling. Kérū nkɨ́tɛ̄ŋ. The cow is mooing. (S). Etoruéíto ilkúrrúki. The crows are cawing. Erû olkúkû. The cock crows. Álótú ɛ́tɔ̂n ɛ́ɨ́tʉ̂ erú olkúkû. I'll come before the cock crows (ie. very very early in the morning).
-rua [North]: -rʉa. v.pf. Perfect(ive), imperative or subjunctive form of a-rɔ́ 'to kick'. Kátórua. I kicked it. (S). See: a-rɔ́ ‘To kick’.
a-rúá v. To be hysterical. See: a-dokú ‘To be hysterical’.
rúátá [North] [North] Nom sg: ruatá. [North] Acc pl: rúát. [North] Nom pl: rûât. n. [North] A kick. See: a-rɔ́ ‘To kick’.
a-rʉ́b v. 1 • To join end to end.
2 • To arrange one after another. Ɛsɨ́pa ɛrʉ́ba pɔ́ɔ́kɨ́. It is agreed they all go together. [referring to children].
3 • To set a bone.
a-ɨtʉrʉbarɛ́ v.cause. To make it follow.
a-rʉbarɛ́ v.mid v.inst. To accompany; go with, follow behind. This verb form is neutral with regard to means of movement, whether walking, in a vehicle, etc.
a-rubíé v.inst. 1 • To join at.
2 • To use for joining, binding up, treating, healing.
ɛ-rʉ́bátá Nom sg: ɛ-rʉbatá. Acc pl: ɨ-rʉbát. Nom pl: ɨ-rʉbát. n. 1 • Joint (eg. the wrist).
2 • Portion; part of sth. (eg. of the body).
ɛ-rʉ́bátá ɛ́ nkɛjʉ́ Nom sg: ɛ-rʉbatá ɛn-kɛjʉ. Joint of the leg; ankle, knee, toe joints, hip joint, etc. See: e-múrt ɛ́ nkɛjʉ́; ol-ouré kokóyo ‘Ankle’; ol-aidóloki [South] ‘Ankle’; l-aibelâî [North] ‘Ankle’.
a-ruboó v.dir. To have intercourse. See: a-rʉ́b ‘To join’.
a-rʉbʉ́ [North] v.dir. [North] To trounce, vanquish, beat and humiliate.
a-rugɔmá v. To vomit. See: a-gʉrrʉmá; a-rrʉgʉmá ‘To vomit’.
a-rʉ́j v. 1 • [North] To pile up things.
2 • To add, increase.
3 • To put sth. somewhere so that the space is completely filled.
4 • [North] To force into sth; pack down (eg. flour into a container).
5 • To force into or from an action or state. Usage: metaphorical.
a-rʉjá v.mid. 1 • To be increased.
2 • To be swollen.
a-rʉjaá v.dir. 1 • To press down on.
2 • To add onto.
a-rúk v. 1 • To thread, string beads on wire. Túruko saé. Make a string of beads. (SN).
2 • To put meat on a stick; skewer.
3 • To pass through an area; wend one's way through (eg. the woods); patrol. arúk ntîm To patrol in the forest.
4 • To flow; proceed forward. Néínepuní ɔlkɛjʉ́ orúko. They came to a flowing stream of water.
5 • To scrutinize. Kérūk ɨlMaasáɨ́ ɛntálɨ́pá ɛ papaí linó. Maasai scrutinize the historical background of your father. (KS).
a-rukó v.mid. To flow (of a river, an army on the move).
a-rúk v. 1 • To thread, string beads on wire. Túruko saé. Make a string of beads. (SN).
2 • To put meat on a stick; skewer.
3 • To pass through an area; wend one's way through (eg. the woods); patrol. arúk ntîm To patrol in the forest.
4 • To flow; proceed forward. Néínepuní ɔlkɛjʉ́ orúko. They came to a flowing stream of water.
5 • To scrutinize. Kérūk ɨlMaasáɨ́ ɛntálɨ́pá ɛ papaí linó. Maasai scrutinize the historical background of your father. (KS).
a-rukó v.mid. To flow (of a river, an army on the move).
ɛ-rʉkɛnyá n. Mist. See: ɛn-kɨnʉkʉ́ ‘Mist’; ɛn-cán ‘Rain’.
ɛ-rʉkɛnyɛ́ n. Mist, fog.
rukét [North] [North] Nom sg: rúket. [North] Acc pl: rukéta. [North] Nom pl: rúketa. n. [North] Stick sharpened on both ends for roasting meat; skewer, spit. See: a-rúk ‘To skewer’; ɔl-jɨpɛ́t ‘Stick sharpened on both ends for roasting meat’.
e-rúko Nom sg: e-rúkô. n. 1 • Column on the march.
2 • [North] Long trip for a cow (eg. to find water or grass).
rúkórét [North] Nom sg: rukorét. Acc pl: rúkóreta. Nom pl: rukóreta. n. [North] Ox for slaughtering at the day of initiation of the girl to be married off. Certain criteria must be met, such as color and shape of horns. Képírr alɛ́ rukorét olêŋ. This wedding-ox is very fat. (SN). Kɛ́tálákɨ rúkórét (lɛ́ nkɨyamá). The wedding-ox has been missed. (ie. An appropriate one cannot be located so will have to be found at another place). (SN). This ox is donated by the husband-to-be at the day of initiation. It is part of the bride-wealth that the groom's family must bring. See: ɔl-mɔ́ŋó; ɔl-kɨ́tɛ́ŋ ‘Ox’.
e-rúkótó Nom sg: e-rukotó. Acc pl: i-rukót. Nom pl: i-rúkot. n. 1 • Flowing.
2 • Safari.
e-rúkúnotó n. Ɛgɨ́ra ɔlpáyian airiamakí erúkúnotó é nkitók ɔ́ ɛncátátá ɛ́ nkají. The man is marrying and building his house at the same time. (Pk).
a-rʉkʉnyɛ́ v. To descend towards the point of reference. Máɨ́tʉrʉkʉnyá áaomon. Let's close our eyes and pray.
a-ɨtʉrʉkʉ́ny To close one's eyes. Máɨ́tʉrʉkʉnyá taá Let's close our eyes. (C).
ɛ-rʉkʉnyɛ́ n. Mist.
a-rúm1 v. 1 • To prod.
2 • To pierce.
3 • To poke a person, usually with the finger (as children might do; possibly in order to startle). Káaturumó. He poked me. (SN). Kótūrūmō nɨnyɛ́. He poked him. (SN). In SN, this does not mean 'pierce'. See: a-rrúm ‘To push’.
a-rúm2 v. To barely rain, incipient precipitation. Kórūm. Rain will just begin to form. Kótūrūmō ncán. The clouds are beginning to show signs of rain; it has just barely begun to drizzle. (SN). It could be that a-rúm may take place, but that no rain may actually fall.
a-rʉ́m v.prog. 1 • To peep at; look through an opening. Ádɔ́lɨ́ta enkitó tóki sápʉk narʉmɨ́shɔ́ tɔ sánāg. I see some kind of big thing that is peeping from a bush. (I don't really know what it is.) (W).
2 • To visit a sick person. Ɛ́rʉ́m. He will visit a sick person / peep at s.o.
3 • [North] To ask s.o. sth.
4 • [North] To go and check for sth. somewhere.
a-rʉmɨshɔ́ 1 • To peep.
2 • To sprout. See: a-rʉmʉ́ ‘To protrude’; a-saayá ‘To visit a sick person’.
rʉ́ma [North] Nom sg: rʉ́mâ. [North] Acc pl: rʉ́maí. adj. Hornless.
a-rʉmʉ́ v.dir. 1 • To stick out, project. Ɛrʉmʉ́. It will stick out. Ɛrʉ́mʉ. It will stick out. (W).
2 • [North] To be visible. Kɔ́rʉ́mʉ mpuró. Smoke is visible. (SN).
o-runkú Nom sg: o-rúnku. Acc pl: i-runkûn. Nom pl: i-rúnkun. n. 1 • The space under the bed. See: kushíiní ‘Under the bed’.
2 • Space between the foot of the small bed and the wall, used for storing honey beer.
rúnkú [North] [North] Nom sg: runkú. [North] Acc pl: rúnkûn. [North] Nom pl: runkún. n. [North] Club, wooden or metalic, with a knob-end; used as a weapon. Rúnkú etóóshíé. He hit him with a club. (SN). See: o-rinká ‘Club’. LING: Borrowed into Swahili from Maa as rungu 'club'.
a-ruoyó v. 1 • To be ruined, spoiled. Míntóki ayíét ɛnkɨlâ amʉ̂ kérúóyo. Stop stretching the cloth because it will be spoiled. (Pk).
2 • To abort.
a-rʉ́p v. 1 • To heap up, put together in a heap.
2 • [South] To puff up s.o.
a-rʉpayú v.mid v.incep. To become heaped up.
a-rupaí [North] v.mid v.incep. [North] To become heaped up.
a-rʉpʉnyɛ́ [North] v.dir v.inst. To move toward the point of reference in force.
ɨ-rʉpárɛn n.pl. Weapons.
ɛ-rʉ́pátá Nom sg: ɛ-rʉpatá. Acc pl: ɨ-rʉpát. Nom pl: ɨ-rʉ́pat. n. 1 • Heap.
2 • Joint.
a-rʉ́s v.prog. To hit over a large surface area; bang into, collide. Árʉ́sɨ́ta ɛmotokáa. I am colliding with a car. Ɛgɨ́ra ɔlárɛwání lɛ́ gárri aaraá encótó ɛ́ táéné ɔ́ lgwɛ̂ peê mɛ́rʉ́s inkíshú. The driver of the car is keeping/fighting to the right side of the road so that he doesn't hit the cows. (W).
a-rút v. 1 • To collect wild honey.
2 • To fleece; obtain an unfair amount of money from. Usage: Metaphorical.
a-rutó [North] v.mid. [North] Navel infection occurring when the umbilical cord is cut wrongly (lit: to be deeped into).
e-rútóré [North] Nom sg: rutóre. n. Harvesting of a hive; collecting whild honey.
e-rútótó [North] Nom sg: rutotó. [North] Acc pl: rutót. [North] Nom pl: rutót. n. Harvest of a hive, collecting of wild honey.
í-rúújî n.pl. Sessions of drizzling.