Maa

S - s

s Letter representing the Maa voiceless alveolar fricative /s/.

sá [North] quest.prt. [North] Interrogative particle.

ɛ́-sáâ Nom sg: ɛ́-sáâ. Acc pl: ɨ́-sááî. Variant: ɨ-sáaɨ́. Nom pl: ɨ́-sááî. [North] Acc pl: sáaí. [North] Nom pl: sáaí. n. 1 • Instrument for telling time; watch, clock.

2 • Time. Kɛ́ɨ́shɔ́rʉ apá nɨ́ncɛ etumói ɨ́sáaí pɔɔkɨ́. They used to give permission to meet any time. Kɛ́saa ajá íló sukúul? What time will you go to school? (W).

3 • Hour. The following expressions (W dialect) correspond to the approximate times as expressed in English: saa nabô First hour of the day; about 7:00 a.m. saa aré 8:00 a.m. saa uní 9:00 a.m. sooŋwúá [from sàà oŋwúán] 10:00 a.m. saa ímîêt 11:00 a.m. saa ílê 12:00 noon. saa nápishana 1:00 p.m. saa ísîêt 2:00 p.m. saa náudó 3:00 p.m. saa tɔ́mɔ̂n 4:00 p.m. saa tɔ́mɔ̂n obô 5:00 p.m.

4 • [North] Bead bracelet worn by warriors. Borrowed word: Swahili saa 'watch', from Arabic [saaʔa].. Note: The Maasai were not directly in contact with Arabic, though the Bari (Eastern Nilotic) and Dinka (Western Nilotic) were. Note: cf. Arabic: [saaʼa] Note: Dinka: [θaa] Note: Bari: [saʔ]

sáâl [North] [South] Acc sg: sáâl. num. [North] Nine; [South] Nine. Borrowed word: Eastern Cushitic, either directly (cf. Oromo sagali 'nine', found in Boraana, Orma and Waata lects; Stroomer 1987ː383), or perhaps indirectly via Southern Nilotic. Heine, Rottland, & Vossen (1979:77) propose Proto-Baz (Cushitic) *sagaal 'nine'.. See: naáudó ‘Nine’; ɛ́ntʉ̄rʉ̄j [South] ‘Nine’.

sáálî [Chamus] n.pl. [Chamus] Henchmen of the ol-oibóni, usually nine in number, who sit around the ol-oibóni as he advises people. See: sáâl ‘nine’. Etymology: Cushitic saal + i plural. Note: This entire form could have been borrowed from Oromo sagali 'nine' and the form, sáâl 'nine' in Maa was reanalyzed as the above.

saalicôî [North] [North] Nom sg: sáalicôî. [North] Acc pl: saalicó. n. [North] Drone bee.

ɛ-saálishôî n. Dominant female elephant in charge of other elephants.

a-saán [North] v. 1 • To try or test sth. or s.o. See: a-tɛ́m ‘To try’; a-nyók ‘To try’.

2 • [North] To try, attempt.

ɛ-saáni Nom sg: ɛ-sáani. Acc pl: ɨ-saaniní. Nom pl: ɨ-sáaniní. n. Plate. Káɨ́pʉt saáni. I will fill the plate. (SN). Borrowed word: Swahili sahani, from Arabic sahn 'plate' (Salib 1981:375)..

sáâr [Chamus] n. [Chamus] Forest. Etymology: cf. Amharic sar 'grass'. See: ɔ́-sánâg ‘Forest’.

a-saarí v. To move slowly and carefully. See: a-ság ‘To move slowly and carefully’.

sáárr [North] [North] Nom sg: sáârr. [North] Acc pl: sáárrî. n. [North] Forest. See: en-tîm ‘Forest’.

sáârr [North] n. [North] Sleeping sickness, trypanosomiasis.

saásaâ [North] Variant: saásáá. [North] Nom sg: sáasáâ. [North] Acc pl: saasaaní. [North] Nom pl: saasaaní. n. [North] Tool used for sanding (eg. wooden containers, calabashes) or scrubbing (the soles of the feet). It may be metal in which holes have been pierced, or a piece of pumice.

a-saayá [North] [West]: a-asaayá. v. 1 • To visit a sick, weak, or suffering person; call on a prisoner.

2 • To look for.

3 • [North] To check periodically on the condition of s.o. or sth. See: a-rʉ́m ‘To visit a sick person’; a-ɨŋɔrʉ́ ‘To look for’.

sabábu Nom sg: sábabu. n. Reason. Borrowed word: Swahili.

ɔ-sabúní n. Soap. Kóre tɛ nékítólíkíó ajó ílóíto sokóni ánáátá áɨ́rɨ́wáyie ɨyakákɨ osabúni. If you told me that you are going to the market, I could have sent you to bring me soap. (W). Etymology: < Swahili.

a-sác [North] v. [North] To split sth. into two mostly symmetrical parts. See: a-sásh ‘To split’.

a-sacá [North] v.mid. 1 • [North] To be split in two (eg. a log).

2 • [North] To be gravely ill.

a-sacakinó [North] v.dat v.mid. [North] To split up and go in different directions; scatter.

ɔ-saêî [Accː òsàêy Nomː òsáey] Variant: o-saéni. Nom sg: o-sáei. Acc pl: ɨ-saên. Nom pl: ɨ-sáen. [North] Acc pl: saɛ̂n. Variant: saé; saɛ́. [North] Nom pl: sáɛn. Variant: sáɛ. n. Bead. Among the Samburu the beads currently used for ornaments are heavy plastic imported from Czech Republic.

ɛ-saêî String of beads, bead necklace.

saêî nakúro Having both boys and girls. See: n-karrayíon ‘Big beads’; ol-púmpúí ‘Big spherical bead’; o-lópóní ‘Oval bead’; ɔl-mánkáí ‘Small spherical bead’; ɛn-tɛ́pɛ ‘Round and flat bead’; ɛn-tʉ́ntáí ‘Oval bead’.

ɨ-saên Nom pl: ɨ-sáen. n.pl. Beads.

saên ɔɔ́ nkueshí Beads worn by women on their heads. See: o-saêî ‘Bead’; ɛ-saêî ‘String of beads’; ɛn-tʉ́ntáí ‘Bead’.

a-ság v. 1 • To move slowly and carefully. See: a-saarí ‘To move slowly and carefully’.

2 • [North] To stalk.

a-sagú [North] v.dir. [North] To stalk towards, sneak up on.

ɔ-sagám Nom sg: ɔ-ságām. Acc pl: ɨ-sagamí. Nom pl: ɨ-ságamí. [North] Acc pl: sagamí. [North] Nom pl: ságamîn. n. 1 • Bridge.

2 • Flotsam.

a-saganyá [North] v. 1 • [North] To squat.

2 • [North] To be in the late months of pregnancy. Borrowed word: Southern Cushitic *sag- 'to rest, recline' ?. See: a-ɨgaanyá; a-ɨgʉtʉmá; a-ɨsaganyá ‘To squat’.

ságaramî [North] [North] Nom sg: sagárámi. [North] Acc pl: ságaram. [North] Nom pl: ságáram. n. Acacia tortilis. [North] Pod of the Acacia tortillis tree; used for animal fodder and tea.

ɔ-sagárarámi Nom sg: ɔ-ságárarámi. Acc pl: i-sagáraram. Nom pl: i-ságáraram. [West] Acc pl: i-sagárarám. [West] Nom pl: i-sagárarám. [North] Acc sg: ságararmî. [North] Nom sg: sagárámi. [North] Acc pl: ságaram. [North] Nom pl: ságáram. n. 1 • Seed or pod of a certain tree.

2 • [North] Pod of the Acacia tortilis tree; used for animal fodder and tea. Acacia tortilis.

2 • Tree species: orchid tree; camel-foot tree. bauhinia purpurea. Ɛɨrɔ́ra ɔlpáyian tiáborí ɔsagárarámī tɛnákatá. The old man is sleeping under the osagararami tree. (W). Etoíto ɨsagárarám ŋolé. The isagararam trees dried up yesterday. (W). Etymology: < Cushitic?.

sagárarami [Purko] Acc pl: sagáraram. Nom pl: ságáraram. [West] Acc pl: sagárarám. adj. 1 • Light blue or purple color. Áɨ́sagáraram inkonyék ɔláshúmpáí opá oyéwuo enkaŋ âŋ. The eyes of the European who came to our home had blue pupils. Ɛyáutúa ɨnkɛ́râ ɨntapʉ́ka sagáraram ti aúluo. The children have brought blue (purple) flowers from the field. (Pk).

2 • Sour. Sagárarám ɨmbɛnɛ́k ɛ́ ldɛ shɛtá. The leaves of that tree are sour. (W). See: o-sagárarámi ‘Fruit or pod of a certain tree’.

a-sáí [àsáy] v.prog. 1 • To pray earnestly and persistently (to God), invoking blessings and curses, or with a sense of begging blessings via worship. Shɔ́mɔ naá tásayia ɛnkáí ɔmɛtábâ... Go and pray to God until (God let us) reach...

2 • To beseech, plead, beg desperately and persistently for sth. one does not have a right to; beg for mercy from s.o. of higher status, especially in a situation where one has done wrong and has no right to forgiveness. Áátásáyia tɛnákatá I am beseeching you right now. (Pk). Áásáɨ́ta siî aké. I am begging you please. (Pk). Áásáí. I will plead with you (sometime in the future). (Pk). See: o-sayíá ‘Entreaty’; ɛ-sáyíátá ‘Entreaty process’; ɛ-sáyíárɛ́ ‘Entreaties’; a-omón ‘To request’.

3 • To request a girl for marriage from a family; betroth. Képūōī taá apá áasai amʉ̂ ɔmɛsáyia apá. She is going to be betrothed because she was not betrothed before. Borrowed word: Kalenjin.

a-saɨcɔ́ [North] v.apass. [North] To beg aggressively and follow up with a blessing or curse.

ɔ-sáídóŋóí Acc pl: ɨ-sáídoŋo. Nom sg: ɔ-saidoŋóí. Nom pl: ɨ-sáídóŋo. n. Castrated male animal (lit: the castrated one). See: ɔ-sʉ́nash ‘Bull with one testicle’; ɔl-dárpóí ‘Bull without testicles’; ɔl-kúunta; ɔ-sátima ‘Castrated bull’; kodíle ‘Male with one testicle’; ɛn-tápɨs ‘Hermaphrodite’; sʉnkʉlaité [North] ‘Hermaphrodite’.

sainiâî [North] [North] Nom sg: sáiniâî. [North] Acc pl: sainiá. [North] Nom pl: sáiníá. n. [North] Oblong pack-saddle or frame for loading a donkey to help transport items (eg. water); formed from a lattice of small branches.

See: ɔl-dɨrɛ́t ‘Pack-saddle’.

ɔ-saisái [North] Nom sg: sáisái. n. Labour of childbirth.

a-saɨsáɨ́ v. To be in labour (of a woman while giving birth).

a-saisayú v.mid v.incep. To go into labour.

áa-saj v. To make an incision.

e-sákánkár [North] Nom sg: sakankárr. [North] Acc pl: sakankarrí. n. 1 • Type of bead worn in the ear.

2 • [North] Man's earring.

o-sákérí [North] Nom sg: sakerí. [North] Acc pl: sakérîn. [North] Nom pl: sákerín. n. 1 • Pelican. pelecanidae, pelicanus onocrotalus, pelecanus rufescens. Common on Lake Naivasha, Lake Magadi, and Lake Natron.

2 • [North] White-headed vulture (lit: the one that is stripped ?). Trigonoceps occipitalis. See: ol-kílérrua; en-kínyâ nkík ‘Vulture’; légéí [North] ‘Vulture’.

sakʉ́rdâɨ̂ [North] Variant: sarʉkʉ́dâɨ̂. [North] Nom sg: sárʉkʉdâɨ̂. [North] Acc pl: sarkʉ́da. n. 1 • [North] Edge or corner of a piece of cloth.

2 • [North] Far corner of a grazing herd.

a-sakút₁ v.prog. 1 • To bewitch, do sorcery to s.o. Ɔláŋéní aké óyíóló ɛnaɨkoní tɛ nɛ́ɨ́tɔbɨrɨ́ ɛnkáŋ natasakutóki. It is only the wiseman who knows how to undo a curse lodged at a certain home. Áatasakutokí. I was bewitched. (W). Esákútíto. He is witching. (W).

2 • To bewitch or curse livestock. For mk, this is less serious than a-rúp, as it only affects animals. See: ɔl-ásákútoni ‘Sorceror’. Borrowed word: Kalenjin, from Southern Cushitic.

a-sakutó To be bewitched. Ásákúto. I am/was/look/feel bewitched. (W).

a-sakutishó To do witchcraft. Ɛsákútīshō ɨlɔ́ páyian táatá. That man is doing witchcraft (right now). / That man is a witch (W). See: a-irúp; a-rúp ‘To bewitch’.

sakút₂ n. Witchcraft, curse. The witchcraft may be as little as s.o. coming by and cutting a tail off one of your cows, and can be done by anyone. This is less potent than n-gurúpore. See: n-gurúpore [North] ‘Witchcraft’; ɛ-sɛtán ‘Results of witchcraft’.

e-sakutét n. Witchcraft. See: a-sakút ‘To bewitch’; ɛ-náíbón; ɛ-sɛtán ‘Witchcraft’; n-gurúpore [North] ‘Witchcraft’.

ɛ-sákútore Nom sg: ɛ-sakútore. Acc pl: ɨ-sakutoritín. Nom pl: ɨ-sákutoritín. n. Witchcraft. See: a-sakút ‘To bewitch’; ɔl-ɔɨŋɔ́nɨ ‘Fetish’.

a-sakutushoré v.inst. 1 • To do witchcraft. Ɛshɔmɔ́ doí apá ɔlásákútóní ayaʉ́ intaléŋo to láíboni naá lotú asakutushoré. The minor witch has gone to get the charm for witchcraft from a witchdoctor. (Pk).

2 • To use sth. in order to do witchcraft. Etútúró ɨ́ná kítok ɛnkʉ́rárɛ aitayú ilóik peê eya aló asakutushoré. That woman has dug the grave to remove the bones to use them to do witchcraft. (W).

ɔ-salábā n. Cross. Etymology: < Swahili.

Sálgányáí [North] [North] Acc pl: Salgánya. n. [North] An age set which pre-dates the L-meicópo; probably initiated in the mid 18th century. Spencer, Paul. 1965. The Samburu: a study of gerontocracy in a nomadic tribe. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul..

sálgéí [Chamus] n. [Chamus] Branch. See: ɔl-ŋɔ́sɨ́lá ‘Branch’; sʉ́ráí [North] ‘Branch’.

salmág [North] Variant: sialmag. [North] Acc pl: salmagîn. n. [North] Sealant made by bees for their hives; propolis.

Samálɨ [North] [North] Nom pl: Sámalɨ. n. [North] Somali tribe.

samárrɨmárri [North] [North] Nom sg: sámárrɨmárri, sámarrɨmárri. Acc pl: samárrɨmárr. Nom pl: sámárrɨmárr. n. [North] Type of ant, black in color and bigger than the normal ant with a painful bite. Syn: l-pʉráí ɔ́rɔ́k ‘Big black ant’. See: ɔl-aisúisúi ‘Big black ant’.

sampíripíri [North] [North] Nom sg: sámpiripíri. [North] Acc pl: sampɨ́rpɨ́r. [North] Nom pl: sámpɨrpɨ́r. n. 1 • [North] Butterfly.

2 • [North] Moth. See: ɔ-sampúrimpúi ‘Butterfly’.

sámpu Nom sg: sámpû. Acc pl: sámpin. Nom pl: sampín. [Purko] Acc pl: sámpîn. [Purko] Acc pl: sámpūn. adj. Striped or variegated, with small thin stripes (smaller than those of a zebra); typically brown and tan. Ááta ɛnkɨ́tɛ́ŋ sámpu. I have a brown and tan striped cow. sámpu barrikôî light brown-tan striped. sámpu múgíé dark brown striped. oldóínyó sámpu variegated mountain. Usage: Primarily for cattle; rarely used to describe sheep or goats. Some speakers would not use it for non-animate referents..

sámpu

sámpu kumpaú Striped with the color of dried tobacco leaves. Pl: sámpūn kumpaûn. See: a-sɨrá ‘Striped’; kerî ‘Black and white striped’; pukóti ‘Black and white striped so that the whole appears blue’.

ɔ-sámpu Nom sg: sámpû. Acc pl: sámpin. Nom pl: sampín. n. n. A brown and tan striped male (eg., a bull). Ááta ɔsámpu. I have a cow of sampu colouring. (W).

2 • n. A man. Usage: slang.

ɛ-sámpu A brown and tan striped female (eg. a cow).

e-sámpu kɨ́kɛ̄ n. Type of small, light green bush, the branches of which are used for brushing teeth.

ɔ-sámpʉ́lál Nom sg: ɔ-sampʉlál. Acc pl: ɨ-sampʉlalí. Nom pl: ɨ-sámpʉlalí. n. Slime; liquid produced by drooling, by a snail, etc.

sampʉ́lálɨ́ [North] Acc sg: sámpʉ́láli. [North] Nom sg: sampʉláli. [North] Acc pl: sámpʉ́lál. [North] Nom pl: sampʉlál. n. 1 • Snail.

2 • [North] Millipede.

3 • Slime. Tálama ɨlɔ̂ sɨkɨráɨ míkíyélie aké lɛ́lɔ̂ sampʉlalɨ́ lɛnyɛ́na. Stay away from that snail lest it smears its slime on you. (Pk).

4 • [North] Drool. See: ol-bíkít; ɔl-ɔsɨkɨ́; ɔ-sɨkɨrâɨ̂ ‘Snail’; l-cíŋei [North] ‘Snail’.

sampúr [North] n. [North] Bag made locally from hide, used by old people to store their valuables. See: Sámpur ‘Samburu people’.

ɔ-sampúrimpúri Nom sg: ɔ-sámpúrimpúri. Acc pl: ɨ-sampúrrumpúr. Nom pl: ɨ-sámpurrumpúr. [Purko] Acc sg: ɔ-sampúrrumpúrri. [West] Acc sg: ɔ-samúrumpúri. [North] Acc sg: sampíripíri. n. Butterfly.

ɔ-sampúrrumpúrri n. Butterfly.

sampúrrumpúrri sántétūā Multicolored, like the butterfly. See: ɔ-sampúrimpúri ‘Butterfly’.

sampʉ́rr [North] [North] Nom sg: sámpʉrr. n. [North] A woman's personal cowhide storage sack. See: ɔl-bɛ́nɛ́ ‘Bag, sack’.

ɨ́-Sámpurr Nom pl: Ɨ-Sámpûrr. n.prop n.pl. 1 • The Samburu people.

2 • The area where the Samburu live. iloshî Máásâɨ̂ oóokú enkárɛ́ tɛncórrô óō sampúrrumpúrr. The Maasais who collect their water from the well of butterflies. From this, it became easier to say isámpurr. See: sampúr ‘skin.bag’.

Sámpúrrí n.prop. Samburu person.

ɔ́-sánâg Nom sg: sánāg. Nom pl: sanagî. n. Forest. Ádɔ́lɨ́ta inkitúaa tokitín sapúkī naárʉmɨshɔ́ tɔɔ́ sanagî. I see some kinds of big things that are peeing from the forests. (W). See: sáâr ‘Forest’; en-tîm ‘Forest’.

sanampûr [North] n. [North] Tsetse fly. See: ɛnk-ásíléí; ol-kímpáí ‘Tsetse fly’.

sánámpʉ́rr [North] [North] Nom sg: sanampʉ́rr. [North] Acc pl: sanampurrí. [North] Nom pl: sánampurrí. n. [North] Insect that bears sleeping sickness; tse-tse fly species.

sánápáti [North] [North] Nom sg: sanapátí. [North] Acc pl: sánpápát. [North] Nom pl: sanapát. n. [North] Thread made of animal skin used in blessing.

ol-sandúku n. 1 • Luggage.

2 • Casket. Etymology: ? < Arabic [sʼundʼuuɡ]; ? < Dinka [sanduuk]; ? < Bari [sanduk] ‘box’.

e-sandúku Box. See: ol-bókis ‘Box’.

sánɛ́nɛ́ŋ [North] [North] Nom sg: sanɛnɛ́ŋ. n. [North] Mars.

ɛ-sanjá n. Female lover.

ɔ-sánjá Male lover (eg. of a girl). See: ɛ-láŋátá ‘Female lover’.

sánkáláí [North] [North] Nom sg: sankaláí. [North] Acc pl: sánkala. [North] Nom pl: sánkála. n. 1 • [North] Lone bull elephant that moves alone without the company of others.

2 • [North] S.o. who likes doing things on his own; loner, hermit. Such a person may be considered dangerous. See: ɔl-tɔ́mɛ́ ‘Elephant’.

sankalílio [North] [North] Nom sg: sánkalílio. n. [North] Swing (child's game).

ó-sánkâsh n. Species of grass.

sankulatɛ́ny [Chamus] See: ɛn-tápɨs ‘Sterile, barren’; ɔl-dárpóí ‘Bull congenitally lacking testicles’.

sankúrukúri [North] [North] Nom sg: sánkurukúri. n. [North] Cut of meat from the side of a cow's neck; part of the portion eaten by women.

sántétūā Nom sg: santétūā. Acc pl: santetuaní. n. Varicoloured, containing many conspicuous colors such as black, green, yellow, red. Átódúá osampúrumpúri sántéūā tɛ ɛncórró nányɔrɨ. I had seen a beautiful butterfly at the 'Green spring'. (Pk). ɛngárɨ sántétūā Safari rally car (used for a competition) (Pk).

ɔl-sáŋ [North] Nom sg: sáŋ. [North] Acc pl: saŋá. [North] Nom pl: sáŋa. n. 1 • Mountain ridge.

2 • [North] Mane of a donkey.

3 • [North] Blade of a spear.

a-sáp [North] v. [North] To deceive, lie. Mɛ́átáɨ̄ Iŋɛ̂n ɛsapɨ́. There is no one who is intelligent when being deceived. (S). See: a-lɛ́j ‘To deceive’.

a-sapɨcɔ́ [North] v.apass. [North] To tell lies.

sápâ [North] num. [North] Seven. Borrowed word: Swahili saba ?. Etymology: From Proto-Kalenjin/Proto-Southern-Nilotic [tɪŝap]; from Proto-Baz *tizzaba 'seven' (Heine, Rottland & Vossen 1979:85). See: naápishana ‘Seven’.

sápáí [North] [North] Nom sg: sapáí. n. 1 • [North] Ungrazed grass.

2 • [North] Nettles.

3 • [North] The itching of nettles.

3 • [North] Itching as a symptom of disease.

a-sapán [North] v. [North] To arrange, as by spreading out a cloth.

sapanabô n. Week. See: e-wíki ‘Week’; e-jumaá [South] ‘Week’.

sápánɨ́ɛ́ [North] [North] Nom sg: sapaníɛ́. [North] Acc pl: sápánɨta. [North] Nom pl: sapánɨta. n. [North] Traditional mattress made of leaves.

e-sápáré [North] [North] Acc sg: sápárɛ́. [North] Nom sg: saparɛ́. [North] Acc pl: sapária. [North] Nom pl: sáparia. [Chamus] Acc sg: sápárɛ́. n. [North] Lie, falsehood. Etymology: < Eastern Cushitic. See: e-mónkóí ‘Lie’; ɛ-lɛ́járɛ́ ‘Lie’.

sapitêî Nom sg: sápitêî. Acc pl: sapitên. Nom pl: sápitên. n. "Fig" tree; large species of tree which usually starts as a "creeper" gaining support from another tree. Eventually it may kill the other tree and stand on its own with one main trunk, putting out its own vine-like extensions to the ground which root. The place where such a tree grows may be used for ritual purposes. The fruit is not generally eaten, and it is not as sweet as retétī.

ɛ-sapôî Nom sg: ɛ-sápoi. Acc pl: ɨ-sapɔ́. Nom pl: ɨ-sápɔ. [North] Acc pl: sapó. [North] Nom pl: sápo. n. 1 • The reproductive system of a woman; fallopian tubes.

2 • [North] Ovary.

3 • [North] The short rains.

sápʉk Nom sg: sapʉ́k. Acc pl: sapúkī. Nom pl: sápukí. adj. Of large size or amount: big, great, large, huge, fat. Ɛ́rá apá sápʉk. He was big. Ɛrá sápʉk apá. He was big. (W). Ádɔ́l imówúárák sapúkī. I will see the big horns. Kɨ́sápʉk ɛndâ kitók olêŋ. That woman is very big. inkûêny ɛ Tôm aré sapúkī Tom's two big birds (W). See: a-ɨtasapʉ́k ‘To make big; fatten’; kitók ‘Big’; a-pír ‘To be fat’.

ɛ-sápúkó Nom sg: ɛ-sapukó. n. Bigness, size.

a-sapukú In some suffixed forms: sapukun. v.incep. To increase. Ɛnyaáká oshî táatá enturoré ɔ́ ngumót asapukú pésho. There is an increase in the digging of holes with no apparent cause. (lit: Digging of holes is repeated increasingly for no reason.) (Pk).

a-sár v.prog. 1 • To snatch (esp. food), seize, scramble for. Ɛsárɨ́ta ɛnkáyíóní ɛndáa peê eipirri aɨnɛpʉ́ inkíshú eitu ɛbayá oreyíét. The boy is eating food quickly so he can run to catch the cows before they reach the river. (W).

2 • To save.

3 • [North] To scratch, as with claws or nails.

a-sarayú v.mid v.incep. 1 • To be snatchable.

2 • To be savable, redeemable.

a-sarʉ́ v.dir. To snatch up and rescue.

sará [North] [North] Nom sg: sára. [North] Acc pl: sarân. n. [North] Goatskin worn on her back by an initiate's mother on the day of her child's circumcision, while milking a cow as her child crouches by her side. The fur is scraped off the hide except for a top-to-bottom strip in the middle. The skin is coloured with ochre, decorated with cowries, and is tied on with straps.

sáráí [North] [North] Nom sg: saráí. [North] Acc pl: sára. [North] Nom pl: sárâ. n. [North] Tree which gives an edible fruit. Balanites.

ɛ-sarambálā n. Fruit-bat. See: ɛ-nagʉr kɛwɔ́n ‘Fruit-bat’; n-tɨ́pát [North] ‘Fruit-bat’.

ɛ-sarampálā Nom sg: ɛ-sárampála. Acc pl: ɨ-sarampalaní. Nom pl: ɨ-sárampalaní. n. Bird sp. See: n-kairéeréi [North] ‘Bird sp.’.

ɔ-sarárua [North] Acc sg: sorórua. [South] Acc sg: sorórua. n. Navel.

sárátá [North] [North] Nom sg: sárátá. [North] Acc pl: saratá. [North] Nom pl: sarát. n. [North] Snatching. See: a-sár ‘To snatch’.

ɔ-sárgɛ́ Nom sg: ɔ-sárgɛ. Acc pl: ɨ-sárgɛ́ta. Nom pl: ɨ-sargɛtá. n. Blood. Kɛ́dɔ̄ ɔsárgɛ̄ ópūkū tɔɔ́ nkirí. The blood from meat is red. Kɛ́ɨ́rrʉ̄sha ɔsárgɛ̄ alaŋ ɛnkárɛ́ Blood is thicker than water. Nɛ́tɔ̄n ɛɨtʉ ɨgɨlʉnɔrɛ́rɛ̄ o mɛ́ɨ́bʉ̄kɔ̄rɨ̄ o sárgɛ̄. You have not yet struggled until blood is shed. Blood is drunk on special occasions. It is typically given to i-sípólio newly-initiated people, ɨn-tɔ́mɔ́nɔ́k post-partum women, or ɨl-támueyia sick people. It may be used to alleviate intoxication.

ɔ-sárgɛ́ lɔɔ́ nkitúak Menstruation (lit: blood of women). See: ɔl-pɨ́lɛ ‘Pale red liquid from meat’; ɔ-sáróí ‘Mixture of blood and milk’; l-ɔdɔ́ [North] ‘Blood’; n-julóti [North] ‘Milk mixed with blood’; m-púpóí [North] ‘Unstirred boiled blood’; n-carlúgi [North] ‘Unstirred blood mixed with milk’; n-tîs [North] ‘Blood mixed with milk and then stirred together’; m-póróí [North] ‘Roasted clotted blood’.

o-sáriko [South] n. [South] Boundary. See: ol-kírríé; ol-murása; ɛm-páka; ol-pólósíé ‘Boundary’.

sárim [North] [North] Nom sg: sárîm. n. [North] Suspicion that s.o. has stolen one's animal or other item. See: a-isarím [North] ‘To suspect s.o. of theft’.

a-sarɨsár v. To walk fast all over.

sárkâc [North] [North] Nom sg: sárkácî. [North] Acc pl: sarkacî. n. [North] Dominant male baboon. See: l-ótim [North] ‘Baboon’.

e-sárkin, e-sárkion [Purko] Nom sg: sarkín. [Purko] Nom pl: sárkīn. n. 1 • Desecration; spoiling blessings for others. This is associated with serious ceremonies (eg. where children are being circumcised, a woman giving birth, warriors' graduation) in the sense that warnings are pronounced against causing sárkin. The word belongs to the religious and spiritual domain. The seriousness of sárkin can be appreciated by the fact that it could even describe the effect of throwing a pig's head into a mosque. Kɛ́ɨ́tɔrrɔ́nɔ̂ sárkīn oshî. Desecration is always bad. (Pk).

e-sárkioní n. The one (fem) who likes to cause problems.

2 • Characteristic behavior of s.o. who always spoils peace.

e-sárkîn n. 1 • The causing of problems.

2 • Taboo on families intermarrying.

sárkioní Nom pl: sarkín. adj. 1 • Having the inborn trait of desecrating serious ceremonies. Káló ɔltásat sárkioní (or sarkín) The desecrating old man will come. Képūō ɨltasátī sarkín. The desecrating old men will come. Usage: This would not be said about children, but only about s.o. old enough to have seriously established a reputation based on some inborn trait.. Írá sárkioní You are a desecrater. Usage: Extremly serious.

2 • Having the quality of producing chaos, tumult, and prone to attempt solving difficulties by fighting. Káke sárkioní taá ɛlɛ́ tʉ́ŋání, ɔlɛ́mɛ́ɛ́ta nɨnyɛ́ ɛnkátá nɛ́mɛ́ɨ́rrɨ́kɨ́ ɨltʉ́ŋáná. But this person is very chaotic everytime he makes people fight. See: a-ɨŋɔlɨŋɔ́l ‘To stir up’.

sárkīnīshō Nom sg: sarkínisho. n. The quality of causing tumult and serious fights, to the point that blood is shed or death results. Kɛ́ɨ́tɔrrɔ́nɔ̂ sarkínisho. Picking serious fights is bad.

sarkʉ́dái [North] [North] Nom sg: sárkʉdái. n. [North] Corner of a garment.

ɛ-sarŋáb Nom sg: ɛ-sárŋāb. Acc pl: ɨ-sarŋabîn. Nom pl: ɨ-sárŋabîn. n. Wet, stiff, sticky, solid mud, mostly clay or black cotton. Ɛtɔwɔnyɨ́wɔnyɔ dúóó ɛnkɔ̂p amʉ̂ ɛ́ɨ́pʉ́tá ɛsárŋāb. The ground is sticky because it is full of mud. (Pk). See: o-sordó ‘Silt’; ol-okídoŋôî ‘Mud’; m-parpár [North] ‘Mud’.

ɔ-sáróí Nom sg: ɔ-saróí. n.sg. 1 • Mixture of curdled milk and blood, usually taken as food by newly circumcised young adults. Étóókô ɨlaɨbarták ɔsáróí. The newly circumcised young men have drunk the mixture of blood and milk. If blood is stirred vigorously just after it is obtained from an animal, it will not coagulate. See: ɔ-sárgɛ́ ‘Blood’; n-julóti [North] ‘Milk mixed with blood’; m-púpóí [North] ‘Unstirred boiled blood’; n-carlúgi [North] ‘Unstirred blood mixed with milk’; n-tîs [North] ‘Blood mixed with milk and then stirred together’; m-póróí [North] ‘Roasted clotted blood’.

2 • Unripe pus.

a-sarʉ́ v. 1 • To reach at sth. desperately or forcefully. Eyéíú ŋolé ɛsʉlári ɔyɛ́kɛ̂ny líkitoduáâ tɛ nɛ́mɛ̂ ɔrŋɔ́sɨ́lá lɔ́ɔ́ lcaní ɛtasárʉa. The monkey we saw yesterday nearly fell, if it had not been for the branch it reached at desperately. (Pk).

2 • To seek help or refuge in a desperate situation. Káló asarʉ́ ɔlɛ́ Nkawuatéî amʉ̂ ɛ́táá doí káamʉtâ inkíshu ɔláméyú. I am going to seek help from Ole Nkaiwuatei because my cows are going to die of drought. (Pk).

3 • To save sth. from being hurt or from spoiling. Ɛtɔ́dúáá ɔlpáyian ɛnkayíóni naipírri ɛɨshɨrɨta nélo asarʉ́. The man saw the boy running and crying; then he went to save him. (W). See: a-rét a-itajéú ‘To help to save’; a-ɨbʉ́ŋ ‘To catch’.

sâs Nom sg: sâs. Acc pl: sásin. Nom pl: sásîn. adj. Emaciated; thin from sickness or lack of food; skinny. Sâs ɛná kɨ́tɛŋ. This cow is emaciated. (W). Óre ɔltʉŋáni omúéí náa kɛ́ákʉ sâs. A person who is sick gets emaciated. Ɛ́tálépô apá ɛnkaléponi ɨlashɔ́ mɛtásasɨtá. The milker milked the calves to the point where they are very thin. (the milker milked the milk that was supposed to be suckled by the calves). See: rɔ́nkáí ‘Slim’; ɛrɔ́nkɛ́nɔ́ ‘Slimness’.

a-sasú v.incep. To grow thin in an unhealthy way; become emaciated. Náa kélotú taá doí oshî ɔltʉ́ŋání pɔɔkɨ́ asasú tɛ nɛ́láú ɛndáa. And certainly everyone will grow thin if they lack food. (Pk). See: a-ronkenú ‘To become slim’.

a-sásh v. To cut in halves, partition.

a-sashá v.mid. To be cut in halves, be partitioned.

ɔ-sátima Nom sg: ɔ-sátíma. Acc pl: ɨ-satíman. Nom pl: ɨ-sátimán. n. 1 • Ox castrated when it has grown big. See: ɔl-mɔ́ŋɔ́ ‘Ox, castrated as a calf’; ɔ-sʉ́nash ‘Bull with one testicle’; ɔl-dárpóí ‘Bull without testicles’; ɔl-kúunta ‘Castrated bull’; kodíle ‘Male with one testicle’; ɔ-sáídóŋóí ‘Castrated male’; ɛn-tápɨs ‘Hermaphrodite’; sʉnkʉlaité ‘Hermaphrodite’.

2 • [North] Affectionate term for a boy.

ɔ-sautí n. Voice, authority. Náa téíne wúéjî dúóó ɛ́ɨ́tɛ́rʉ́ áatum ɔsautí loómoruak. And that is when they begin to get the voice of elders.

ɔ-sawuapʉ́nɨ̄ Nom sg: ɔ-sáwuapʉ́nɨ̄. Acc pl: ɨ-sawuapʉnɨ́. Nom pl: ɨ-sáwuapʉnɨ́. n. Worm. See: a-wúáp ‘Snatch’.

o-sayíá Nom sg: o-sáyia. n. Entreaty, pleading (never addressed to God). Usage: o-sayíá implies one or more people going once to plead. ɛ-sáyíátá principally implies begging from God (since there is only one God), or making a marriage request. ɛ-sáyíárɛ̄ implies repetitive, ongoing pleading by many people.. See: a-sáí ‘To plead’.

ɛ-sáyíárɛ̄ n. Entreaty or entreaties that involve a group, especially for forgiveness or mercy; many people going to one person, many people going to many others, or one person pleading to many. See: o-sáyíá; ɛ-sáyíátā ‘Entreaty’; a-sáí ‘To plead’.

ɛ-sáyíátá Nom sg: ɛ-sayiatá. Acc pl: ɛ-sáyíárɛ̄. Nom pl: ɛ-sayíárɛ. n. 1 • Prayer or worship to God; the result of a-sáí. Ɛshɔmɔ́ɨ́tɔ náají ɨlɔ́ɔ Kinayíâ ɛsáyíátá ɛ́nkai. Kinayíâ and others went a while ago for prayers to God. (Pk).

2 • Entreaty process; the asking for sth. desperately (eg., forgiveness), supplication, pleading, request. Ɛ́tányá ɔlpáyian ɛpalɨkɨ́ enkitók ɛnyɛ́ hɔ́ɔ́ nɛ́ɨshaká ɛsáyíátá ɛnyɛ́ pɔɔkɨ́. The man has refused to forgive his wife even though she has done all the desperate pleading for it with him that she can. (Pk).

3 • Initial marriage request process. Ɛ́ɨ́dɨ́pá apá ɛnkâŋ ɔlɛ̂ Sekéntó ɛsáyíátá ɛ́ ntítō ɔlɛ̂ Mosíány. Sekento's family has completed the initial marriage request process for Ole Mosiany's daughter. (Pk). See: a-sáí ‘To plead’; o-sayíá ‘Entreaty’.

ɛ-sayíɛ́t Nom sg: ɛ-sáyiɛt. Acc pl: ɨ-sayíɛ́ta. Nom pl: ɨ-sáyiɛta. n. 1 • Gifts to obligate prospective parents-in-law, in asking for a girl for marriage (lit: thing to plead with). Ɛwáɨ́ta ɛnkâŋ ɛ́ Kampus ɛsayíɛ́t ɛnkáŋ ɔlɛ̂ Nkurrúna. [ɔ́lɛ] The Kampus family have taken gifts to obligate the family of Nkurruna to give them a girl for marriage. (Pk).

2 • Appeasement gift to solit forgiveness, favor, mercy, or to gain an audience with s.o. Pɛ́shɔ doí íntáyu íyíé ɛnâ sayíɛ́t inó amʉ̂ imɨ́kɨ́palákīnī ɛntábóí naáíjó ɛnâ. It is useless for you to give your gift of appeasement, because you cannot be forgiven for an evil like this. (Pk). See: a-sáí ‘To plead’; ɔl-mʉmáî ‘Oath’.

ɛ-sáyíét Nom sg: ɛ-sayiét. Acc pl: ɨ-sayietí. Nom pl: ɨ-sáyietí. [North] Acc sg: sáyíɛ́t. [North] Nom sg: sayíɛ́t. [North] Acc pl: sayietí. [North] Nom pl: sáyietí. n. 1 • Poison, of any sort (snake bite, wild plants, chemicals, calabash seeds). Ɛwákɨ dúóó Kɨ́mʉ́nyák sipitáli amʉ̂ ɛ́ɨ́nɔ́sá ŋolé ɛsáyíét. Kimunyak has been taken to the hospital today because he had taken poison yesterday. (Pk).

2 • Cruelly stingy, witholding resources from social obligations or from people in need. Ɛsáyíét taá doí ɔlɛ́ Sirónka ɔlɛ́mɛ́ɨ́shɔ́rʉ ɔlbarnɛ́t lɔɔ́nkɛ́ra. Ole Sironka is a poison who does not give(even) a lamb for the children's preliminary circumcision ceremony. (Pk). See: en-duarán ‘Bitterness’.

ɛ-sɛ́dɛr Nom sg: ɛ-sɛ́dɛ́r. Acc pl: ɨ-sɛdɛ́rɨ̄. Nom pl: ɨ-sɛ́dɛrɨ́. [North] Nom sg: sɛ́dɛ̂r. [North] Acc pl: sɛdɛ́ri. n. 1 • Side of the face including cheek. Nélōtū orínkā lɔ́lārīnkōī apukú tɛnâ aɨ sɛ́dɛ̄r. Olarinkoi's club came out of the other cheek. Étúmúnó ɔlaáɨ́tɛ́ŋɛ̄nānī ɛnkɛ́ráí ɛsɛ́dɛr. The teacher has pinched the child on the cheek. (Pk). Ɛgɨ́ráɨ́ áadam ɔlpúríshóí ɨsɛdɛ́rɨ̄ tɔɔ́ nkaɨk. The thief is being slapped (on) the cheeks with the hands. (Pk). See: ɛn-takʉ́la ‘Cheek’; ɔl-bɔɔ́ny; ɔl-manyaálishôî; ɔl-tagɨ́lɨgɨ́lɨ ‘Jaw’.

2 • Jaw. Ɛ́ncɔɔ nɨnyɛ́ ɛsɛ́dɛr ɛ́ɨ́na lʉ́kʉ́nyá napéjo mɛ́ɨ́nɔsá. Give him the jaw of that head which is being roasted so he can eat it. (Pk).

3 • Side of hill or mountain. Náa ɛ́mɨncɔ́ táatá ɨlashɔ́ epúó ɛndâ sɛ́dɛr. And don't let the calves go to that side (of the hill) today. (Pk).

seénderí [North] [North] Nom sg: séénderî, séenderî. [North] Acc pl: seénder, seéndêr. [North] Nom pl: séender. n. 1 • [North] Gourd prepared for storing milk with a bottom made of skin.

2 • [North] Elder's calabash for drinking milk; large, with flat bottom, covered with skins.

séer [North] n. [North] Traditions; customs. See: ol-kerretí ‘Customs; traditions’.

o-séêt Acc pl: i-séetí. Nom sg: o-seét. Nom pl: i-séetí. n. House near the gate for shepherds to sleep in to guard the sheep. Syn: o-rrípíé ‘Small house for the guard’. See: ɛnk-ají ‘House’.

ɔ-sɛ́gɛ́l Nom sg: ɔ-sɛgɛ́l. Acc pl: i-ségélí. Nom pl: i-segelí. n. Edge; rim. See: a-ɨsɛgɛ́l ‘To tilt’.

e-ségerua Nom sg: e-ségérua. Acc pl: i-segeruaní. Nom pl: i-ségeruaní. [North] Acc sg: sékerua. n. Lower part of the human earlobe. Étúúdóki ɔlpáyian eségerūa nabô. The man had one of his earlobes pierced. (Pk). See: ɛn-kɨ́tɨ́pɛ́t ‘Upper side of the ear’.

a-sɛ́j₁ v. To do often. Ásɛ́j oshî alotú ɛnɛ̂ tádɛkɛnyá. I often come here in the morning. (Pk).

a-sɛ́j₂ v. To make a cut or incision in the surface of meat or flesh (eg., to skilfully separate two pieces). Ásɛ́j (ásásh) ɛlɛ̂ ɔilɛ́lɛɛ̂? Can I make a cut on this hoof? (Pk). See: a-ɨpɛ́rr ‘To split’.

e-sékekua Nom sg: e-sékékua. Acc pl: i-sekekuaní. Nom pl: i-sékekuaní. n. 1 • Large horn (eg. of a buffalo) that can be blown through to make noise. Káke ɛɛ́ta ɛldɛ̂ ósókuan esékēkūā sápʉk. But that buffalo has a big horn! (Pk).

2 • Trumpet. Tɛ néóshí tɛ manyatá esékékua nɛ́dʉ̄mʉ̄ ɨrmʉ́rrán pɔɔkɨ́ ɨnarɛ́ta ɛnyɛ̂. When a trumpet is blown in the warrior village, all the warriors raise their weapons. (Pk). See: e-mówúó ‘Horn’.

e-sekenkêî Nom sg: e-sékenkêî. Acc pl: i-sekenké. Nom pl: i-sékenke. [North] Acc sg: senkéí. [Chamus] Acc sg: seenkéi. n. 1 • Wire. Ɨ́ncɔɔkɨ esekenkêî náló ayeníé inkeék kíshómi. Give me a wire for fastening the poles of the gate. (Pk).

2 • Iron, or metal in general. osekenkêî iron. Ɛgɨ́ra olkunoní ashɔ́l esekenkêî. The blacksmith is melting iron. (Pk). Ɛgɨ́ra ɔltʉalá lé sekenkêî aɨshɨ́r. The metalic bell is making a high-pitched sound. (Pk). Áɨ́nɛ́pʉ̄ā ŋolé ɔlpayíán tɛ sékenkêî ɛ́ ngárɨ ɛ́nkɨma. I met the man at the railway line. (Pk). See: ɔl-cʉ́ma ‘Iron’.

sɛ́kɛrua [North] [North] Nom sg: sɛ́kɛ́rua. [North] Acc pl: sɛkɛruaní. [North] Nom pl: sɛ́kɛruaní. n. [North] Earlobe.

o-sekétekí Acc pl: i-sekétek. Nom pl: i-séketek. Variant: i-seketet. n. 1 • Type of tree found in the highlands; tall, slender leaves.

2 • Seeds from the o-sekétekí tree, boiled to form a traditional medicinal tea; the juice is drunk, perhaps combined with milk or other tea, for deworming. Usage: plural. Shɔ́mɔ íyaʉ́ enteré peê eidoŋíéki isekétek lɨkɨncɔ́rɨ. Go and bring a mortar for the grinding of traditional medicine that will be given to you. (Pk). Though the tree grows in restricted highland areas, the seeds are sold or sent throughout Maasai land and are widely known.

e-sékí Nom sg: e-sekí. Acc pl: i-sék. Nom pl: i-sék. Variant: i-sêk. n. 1 • Tree or plant with sweet, sticky, yellow fruit; known for its importance in ritual ceremonies. Though the fruit is edible, it is eaten mostly by children. Branches of this tree can be put in the path to indicate that one is begging for mercy. It is also typically used during ceremonies as a "bed" where slaughtered meat is put while it is awaiting distribution. Ɨ́ntaikɨ́ákɨ siî nánʉ́ nɛ́nâ gʉ́lʉlʉ́m ɛ́ ɨ́lɔ̂ sékí. Give me also the fruit of that sékí tree. (Pk).

2 • Old man's stick. elúaa esekí a barrier of eseki tree.

Elúaa esekí. When one says this, the addressee should not fight nor punish the one requesting it.I am begging for peace. (lit: There is a barrier of e-sekí.).

e-sélénkéí Nom sg: e-selenkéí. n. Girl. Ɛtarapɔ́she ɛná selenkéí. This young unmarried woman is pregnant. (Pk). See: en-títō ‘Girl’.

sembê [North] n. [North] Long stick.

sempêî [North] [North] Nom sg: sémpei. [North] Acc pl: sɛmpɛ́. [North] Nom pl: sɛ́mpɛ. n. [North] Crude spear fashioned by uncircumcised boys from a stick.

a-sɛmpɛ́r v. To weed. See: a-ór ‘To sweep’; a-kúrr ‘To scrape’.

ɛ-sɛ́mpɛ́rarɛ Nom sg: ɛ-sɛmpɛ́rarɛ. n. Weeding, action of weeding. Egól ɛsɛmpɛ́rarɛ. Weeding is hard. (W). See: a-sɛmpɛ́r ‘To weed’.

sɛ́nkɛ Nom sg: sɛ́nkɛ̂. voc. 1 • If Ego is male, sɛ́nkɛ refers to Ego's father's sister(s), Ego's father's sisters' daughter(s), Ego's mother's sisters, or Ego's mother's sisters' daughters. Elotú sɛ́nkɛ̂. My father's sister is coming. / My father's sister's daughter is coming. (W). Epuonú nɔ́ɔ sɛ́nkɛ. My father's sisters are coming. / My father's sisters' daughters are coming. (W). Ádɔ́lɨ́ta nɔɔ́ sɛ́nkɛ ɛpuonú. I see my father's sisters /sisters' daughters coming.

2 • If Ego is female, sɛ́nkɛ refers to Ego's brother's son. If Ego is female, her daughters will not refer to Ego's brother's son as sɛ́nkɛ, but rather as papú. Borrowed word: Kalenjin ?, Bantu. See: papú ‘Cross cousin’.

senkêî [North] [North] Nom sg: sénkei. [North] Acc pl: sɛnkɛ́. [North] Nom pl: sɛ́nkɛ. n. 1 • [North] Iron.

2 • [North] Metal (generic).

3 • [North] Metal wire.

4 • [North] Any of various iron ornaments.

e-sepérua n. 1 • Serval cat. felis serval.

2 • African lynx. felis caracal.

sépérūā adj. Light-brown.

sére [North] Nom sg: sérê. greeting. 1 • Bye, goodbye. See: olesére ‘Goodbye’; a-seríán ‘To be at peace’.

2 • [North] Blessing. See: e-serîân ‘Greetings’.

e-séré [North] Acc sg: sɛ́rɛ́. Variant: séré. Nom sg: sɛrɛ́, seré. [North] Acc pl: sériak, sérîâk. [North] Nom pl: seríák. n. 1 • Bullrush.

2 • [North] River, wadi. See: ɔl-kɛjʉ́; o-reyíét; e-wúáso ‘River’; l-baá [North] ‘Stream’.

seregût adj. Fearful, lack of freedom in some area, detatched. Árá seregût. I am detached, fearful. This is an acquired trait (not present from birth), but becomes characteristic of a person for at least some extended period of time.

a-sɛrɛ́m v. To praise, worship, adore, pray. ɔltʉŋáni ɔsɛrɛ́m person who is worshiping, adoring.

ɛ-sɛ́rɛ́matá n. Worshiping, adoring.

ɛ-sɛ́rɛ́matá ɛ́ nkʉ́rárɛ Worshiping, adoring of an old man's grave; this happens at some space of time after the death.

a-seríán v.s. 1 • To be safe. Kíséríân osuují. Your (sg.) coward is safe. (Pk). Ásérîân nanʉ́, meetíí batísho enê nátíí nanʉ́. I am safe, there is no danger where I am. (Pk). See: kisérīān osuují ‘Place of refuge for cowards’.

2 • To be well, at peace. Ásérîân nanʉ́, pî maáta ɛnyamálī. I am well, I have no problem. (Pk). See: súpat ‘Good, well’.

a-serianú v.incep. 1 • To become peaceful, secure, safe. Ɛnyaáká taá doí oshî táatá Náɨ́rɔbɨ aserianú. Nairobi has once again become peaceful. (Pk).

2 • [North] To become appeased.

e-serîân [North] greeting. [North] Samburu greeting to a group of women. See: a-seríán ‘To be at peace, safe, well’.

sérian [North] [North] Nom sg: sérían. n. [North] Peace, wholeness. See: e-seríánī ‘Peace’.

e-seríánī n. Peace. Kiŋúɛ́kɨ ɨntáɨ́ eseríánī. We leave peace with you. (C).

serikáli n. Government. Borrowed word: Swahili. See: sirkáli ‘Government’.

séro₁ Acc pl: séroi. adj. 1 • Color of brush when it is dry; gray, grayish. entîm séro Gray bush. Tɛ́rɛʉ́ orkítéŋ séro peê éúdí. Bring the gray ox to be vaccinated.

2 • unreliable. ɔltʉŋáni séro unreliable, undependable person. Táa séro ánaa ɔláméyú. Be unreliable as the drought! (curse). Once there is drought, you can't count on anything. Such a curse is typically said to s.o. who is not dependable.

o-séro₂ Nom sg: o-sérô. Acc pl: ɨ-séroi. Nom pl: ɨ-sérói. n. 1 • Bush country, scrub.

2 • Forest. Usage: For PK, there is not much distinction between bush, scrub or forest. However, en-tîm may refer specifically to forest? -km. See: en-tɨ̂m ‘Forest’.

a-sesekúán [àsèsèkwán] v. 1 • To murder s.o.

2 • To kill a human being by accident.

3 • [North] To wound, usually by accident. See: a-ár ‘To kill’; a-ɨkɔ́p ‘To hurt’; ɨl-ɔ́ɨ́kɔp ‘Murder’.

sésekuan Manslaughter. peê éjî sésekuan so that it will be said killiing-by-mistake (C). Sésekuan doí aké amʉ̂ mmɛarɨ́ta doí náají ɛlɛ́ tʉ́ŋání ɔlɨkâɨ̂ metúá. It was just an accident, because he did not intend to kill the other. (Pk).

o-sésen Nom sg: o-sésên. Acc pl: i-séseni. Nom pl: i-séséni. [North] Acc sg: sɛ́sɛn. [North] Nom sg: sɛ́sɛ̂n. [North] Acc pl: séseni. [North] Nom pl: séséni. n. 1 • Body. Kámūēī káayâ osésên pɔ́ɔ̄kɨ̄. I am sick in the whole body. (Pk).

2 • Cadaver. Ɛ́́táárákɨ ŋolé ɔltʉŋáni tɛndâ tîm nɛ́dʉmʉní osésen áapuo áanaŋaa. A person was killed yesterday in that bush, and the body was taken to be thrown away. (Pk). Tɛ nɛ́yɛ̄ oshî ɔltʉ́ŋání népúóí áanʉkaa osésen. When s.o. dies, the body is burried. (Pk).

3 • A whole entity. Óre ɔlpayíán ɔ́ enkitók ɛnyɛ́ náa osésen obô nɛ́ákʉ́ kéíshíákíno nɛ́nyɔ̄rrā. A husband and his wife are one body and they should love one another.

4 • Usage: endearment. ó osésên láí lányɔ́rr O my body that I love (eg. parent addressing a small child).

sɛ́sɛʉ [North] [North] Nom sg: sɛ́sɛ́ʉ. [North] Acc pl: sɛsɛwí. [North] Nom pl: sɛ́sɛwí. n. [North] Highland forest canopy.

o-sésîâ Who is stylish, well-dressed. ɔltʉŋáni osésîâ a person who is well-dressed.

sɛsíâî [North] [North] Nom sg: sɛ́siai. [North] Acc pl: sesíá. [North] Nom pl: sésia. n. [North] Tree from which a stomach medicine is made. Acacia elatior.

a-sɛ́sh Variant: a-sɛ́j. v. To do often. Ɛ́sɛ́sh.

a-sɛshá v.mid. To be seriously ill. Ásɛ́sha apá kʉndâ ɔ́lɨŋɨ pɔɔkɨ́ nɛ́ākʉ̄ ɨna peê ɛ́ɨ́tɨ alotú ɛnkɨamá inó. I was seriously ill all those past days and that is why I could not come to your wedding. ɔltʉŋáni ɔsɛ́sha person who is seriously ill.

ɛ-sɛtán Nom sg: ɛ-sétān. Acc pl: ɨ-sɛtaní. Nom pl: ɨ-sɛ́taní. [North] Acc sg: setán. n. 1 • The results of doing witchcraft; curse; bewitchment. Eitáyīō olóíboni ɔltʉŋáni ɛsɛtán. The witchdoctor has removed the results of witchcraft from the man. (Pk).

2 • A devil. Borrowed word: English satan. See: e-sakutét ‘Items of witchcraft ??’; ɛ-náíbón; a-rúp ‘Witchcraft’; n-gurúpore [North] ‘Witchcraft’.

séúr Nom sg: seúr. Acc pl: séúrí. Nom pl: seurí. adj. 1 • Outstanding, exceptional. Ɨntásho siî íyie máɨ́tɔ́dūāā kʉlô mʉ́rran séúrí láinéí peê ɨdɔ́l ajó ɨmɛnyányūkīē ilinóno. Let me show these excepetional warriors of mine so that you can see they are not like yours.

2 • Having horns pointing straight up and out. Kányɔ̄r ɔlɔɨŋɔ́ni séúrí imowuarák amʉ̂ kéyíólo atára ɨlkʉlɨ́kāɨ̄. I love a bull whose horns are straight up and point out, because it fights others effectively. Tɛ́rɛʉ́ ɛldɛ̂ ɔlɨŋɔ́nɨ séúr mɛshɔ́mɔ ɨlashɔ́. Bring that bull which has horns pointing straight up and out so that it goes with the calves.

3 • When the rain is plenty. Tɔ lárî seúr oshî ɛnárɛ̄ nɛ́ɛtáɨ imanyát. It is when there is plenty of rain that it is good (right) to have the villages for warrior-ceremonies.

I-Séúrí n.prop. Name of an age-set from around (?) 1960; (lit: the exceptional ones).

o-séyíáí Nom sg: o-seyíáí [òsèyyáy]. Acc pl: i-séyia. Nom pl: i-séyíâ. n. Reed. Ɛbʉlʉ́ oseyíáí tɛ nétií ɛnkárɛ. A reed grows where there is water. (Pk).

séyíáí e-múrt Usage: colloquial, between age-mates. Affectionate name for s.o. with a long, handsome neck. Kóreé dúóó séyíáí ɛmúrt? Where is the person with a long handsome neck? (Pk). Syn: ɔl-áímútíáí ‘Reed’.

a-sɨ́ v. To be impatient. Ɛ́sɨ́. He is impatient. Ɛsɨ́. He is impatient. Míntóki doí asɨ́ amʉ̂ ɛtáá kɛ́bāʉ̄. Stop being impatient because he is just about to come. ɔltʉŋáni ɔsɨ́ a person who is impatient. See: a-ɛnyɨ́ɛ́ny ‘To be impatient’; a-naurú ‘To become tired, fed up’.

e-síáai [èsíáay] Variant: e-síái. Nom sg: e-síáâî [èsíáây]. Acc pl: i-siaaitín. Variant: i-siaítin. Nom pl: i-síaaitin [ìsíaaytin]. [Purko] Acc pl: i-siáítin [ìsìáytin]. Variant: i-síatin. [West] Acc pl: in-kiaasîn. n. 1 • Work. Kɨ́ndɨpá dúóó ɛnâ síáai naɨtanáúrá iyíóók. We have finished this work which has tired us. (Pk). Íncopó ɛnkɨlá ɛ́ síáai Put on the work clothes. Ɛ́kɨ́gɨrá oshî táatá áatumoki áataas esíáai. Nowadays we are having a good opportunity to work. (Pk). Óre ɛná búku náa esíaaī Olɛ-Kótikash. This book is the work of Ole-Kotikash. (W). E-síáai may be used when one wants to be nonspecific or secretive about the work in question.

2 • Business, item to be done. Peê ɛ́kɛ́nyʉ̂ ɛnâ kátá ɛɨdɨpakɨ́ esíái ɛ́ sʉkárɨ... When the sun rises when the business of [giving children] sugar is finished... Syn: ɔl-ɔɔsɨ́ ‘Work’. See: en-kiás ‘Work’; in-kiaasîn ‘Works, deeds’.

o-síádí₁ Nom sg: o-siadí. Acc pl: i-síádīn. Nom pl: i-siadín. [North] Acc sg: síádí, síédí. [North] Acc pl: síádîn. [North] Nom pl: siadín. n. 1 • Anus. This word is often used in a profane way, and it is not unusual to try to avoid the term. Kéyá ɛ́ldɛ̂ áshé osiadí. That calf is sick at the anus. (Pk). Syn: ɔl-kʉ́rʉm ‘Anus, behind’.

2 • The last, final one; rear (of anything). Etíí doí ɔltáání osíádí lóó lkeréri. So-and-so is the last in the queue. (Pk). Ɔlayíóni ɔshál apá ɔlɛ́ síádí tɛ nkílasi ɛ́nyɛ. The boy who was lazy was the last one in his class. Épír enkíshón dʉ́kʉya népir siadí. The beginning of life is as good as the end. (Pk). aakʉ́ ɔlɛ́ síádí See: a-bayíé ‘To be last’.

3 • Rearward (in space); after, behind.

4 • Final or terminating point in time; end. Óre tɛ siadí níkitum naá aké áatoomon at the end we will be able to pray (ie. when we are done talking) (C).

5 • [North] Afterward.

ɔl-ɛ́síádí

síádí₂ Nom sg: siadí. n.r. 1 • Behind in space. Etíī ɔlashé síádí ɛnkɨ́tɛ́ŋ. The calf is behind the cow. Áɨ́shɔ́ɔ síádí ɨmbáa tɔrrɔ̂k. I no longer do bad things. (lit: I gave behind bad things.). Ɛsʉjɨ́tā ɔlashɛ́ ɛnkɨ́tɛ́ŋ tɛ siadí. The calf is following the cow from behind. Áɨ́bʉ́ŋa eneikoní tɛ néréwí ɛngárrɨ tɛ siadí. I have discovered how to drive a car in reverse. (W). This can refer to the opposite end of a car from the ɛn-dʉkʉ́ya 'head'. Síádí, kʉ́rʉm, and a-bayíé can indicate not being as advanced or proficient as others, as in school. Oríóŋ and tɛ ídíá aló can indicate that sth. is spacially behind sth. else. "behind in a house"?

2 • Past in time or order. "Kéísúpat aná áji": "Kéísúpat" nátií te siadí "anâ". (In the sentence) "Kéísúpat aná áji", "(The word) Kéísúpat" is behind "anâ". (SN). Eisíádʉ. He will come last. See: oríóŋ ‘Behind’; a-bayíé ‘To be last’.

e-síái [North] Acc sg: síái. [North] Nom sg: síái. [North] Acc pl: siaitín. [North] Nom pl: síaitín. n. Work. See: e-síáai ‘Work’.

síámpu [North] [North] Nom sg: síámpû. [North] Acc pl: síámpun. [North] Nom pl: síámpûn. adj. [North] Flecked with a contrasting colour; speckled.

siamʉ̂ [North] [North] Nom sg: síamʉ̂. [North] Acc pl: siamîm. n. [North] Group of elders (acting together).

e-síáná Nom sg: e-sianá. Acc pl: i-sianaitín. Nom pl: i-síanaitin. n. 1 • Number, sum, quantity, count. Óre esíáná ɛkʉ́lɔ́ móŋí náa tɔ́mɔ̂n aáre. The number of these oxen is twelve. See: ɛn-kɨ́kɛ́nátá ‘Counting’.

2 • An abundant number.

e-siankíki Nom sg: e-síankiki. Acc pl: i-siankikîn. Nom pl: i-síankikin. n. Young woman, bride. Ɛyamákɨ̄ esiankíki. The young woman (bride) was married. Kɨ́shɔmɔ́ ɛnkɨamá ɛ́ siankíki ɛnkáyɛ̄ lɔ́ŋ. We went to the wedding of the young woman the other day. Ɛtarapɔ́she ɛná síankiki. This young brid/woman is pregnant. (Pk). Esiankíki refers to a young woman after circumcision and coming out of seclusion. The woman is most likely engaged and could be newly-married, but the word does not mean bride in the English sense. In extreme circumstances, the woman might never be married (though this is a very grave situation). The most typical implication is that esiankíki does not yet have children (but that also is not essential). Óre ɛná síánkiki nɛɨtʉ́ elotú And this young lady did not come and feed the children as expected.

e-siaŋáu Nom sg: síaŋau. Acc pl: i-siaŋáun. Nom pl: i-síáŋâû. n. 1 • Relatively small calabash with a wide opening. Ideally, calabashes have small openings. Náa ɛ́nɔɔ ɛnkɛ́ráí kʉlɛ́ natií esiaŋáu. And give the child the milk from the calabash with a wide opening. (Pk).

2 • Piece of calabash. Áayakɨ ɨlpɨ́dɨlá tɛ síaŋau. Bring me fleas in a calabash.

o-siaŋáu Calabash with a wide opening and attached leather handle. Tímá taá owôk oloshoró otíí osiaŋáu. It is Tima who will drink the porridge in the calabash with a wide opening. (Pk). See: en-kúkúrí ‘Calabash prepared for holding milk’.

e-siapírdi Nom sg: e-síápirdi. Acc pl: i-siapírd. Nom pl: i-siapírd. n. Tattered clothing, old cloth. Ɛ́mincopóó aké isiapírd intaléŋo. Don't wear tattered clothing for the ceremony. (Pk).

o-siapírdi, o-sipírdi Old cloth. Ɛgɨ́ra ɛntásât aɨtʉrraá osiapírdi. The woman is throwing away the old cloth. (Pk). See: em-perdédi ‘Remnant’.

ɛ́-síárɛ̂ Nom sg: ɛ-siarɛ. Acc pl: i-síárɛ̄n. Nom pl: i-siarɛ́n. n. Carved club about a half-meter long, with one end bigger than the other, tapering to the narrower end which may or may not be sharply pointed; thrown to kill wild animals. Tʉ́pʉdakɨ́ encipíshipí ɛ́síárɛ̂ amʉ̂ ɨmɛwɔshɨ́ɛ́kɨ intarɛ́ ɛ́sɨ́árɛ̂. Hold the untreated slender stick together with the club, because we don't use clubs to beat sheep and goats. (Pk). Syn: en-kónkó ‘Short club’. See: o-rinká ‘Club’; en-tílo ‘Short y-shaped club’; ɛn-carkaká ‘Strong stick used as weapon’.

e-síáyioní Nom sg: e-siáyioní. n. Deceased married woman. Eitíányé esíáyioní. His (deceased) wife died. (Pk). Ɛ́tálá esíáyioní. He has lost a wife. (lit: He lost a dead wife.) (Pk). See: ɛ-masáɨtâ; Deceased man in the prime of life.

sídáí₁ Nom sg: sidáí. Acc pl: sidaîn. Nom pl: sídaîn. [Chamus] Acc sg: sɨ́dáɨ́. adj. 1 • Good, well. Éísidaîn inkíaasîn ɔ́ lmʉ́rráni. The works of the warrior are good. Sidaîn kʉná náaigara. These inside-rib-meats are good. (W). Éíyiolóti ɔltʉ́ŋání pɔ́ɔ̄kɨ̄ sídaîn inkásiasîn ɛ́nyɛná. The man is well-known for all his good deeds. (Pk). Kɛ́áta ɔlmʉrraní inkiaasîn sidaîn. A warrior (by his nature) has good deeds. Ékémítóki oshî ɔlbáɛ̂ ɔltʉŋáni ɛlʉt ɛsídáí. Gonorrhoea does not (let) a person urinate well. (Pk). Syn: shíáát; Ant: tɔrrɔ́nɔ̂ ‘Bad’. See: súpat ‘Good’.

2 • Good-natured. Sídáí taá dúóó ɛlɛ́ tʉ́ŋání ojî Lɛmarrôn. This person called Lemarrôn is good (or good natured). (Pk).

3 • Beautiful. Ɨmɛɛ́tâî entító sídáí naáíjó Sílántoi. There is no beautiful girl like Silantoi. (Pk). Éísīdāī osésen, káke kémūōī. Physically she is beautiful, but she is sick. (Pk). Áátaa embúku sídááī. I have a good book. (The cover is nice; or it is interesting in content.) (Pk).

4 • Healthy, in good physical condition.

5 • Good at doing sth. Eísídáí, kéyíólo olêŋ. He is good, he knows it very well (eg. how to perform a job). (Pk).

6 • Interesting. Áɨ́sʉ́mɨ́ta embúku sídáí. I'm reading a good book. (Pk). kʉná búkuí naárɔɔ́k aré sidaîn these two good black books (W).

e-sídáí n. Good thing, good one. Ɛ́mɨ́r ɛlɛ̂ dúkáa isídaîn. This shop sells good ones. (W). See: e-sídánʉ́ ‘Goodness’.

sídáí áí Sarcastic expression to show how surprised one is about what another did; "My goodness!" (Particularly used by women.). Sídáí áí, ɨ́ncɔɔ siî íyíé lɛ́lɔ́ sirkôn eirrág óŋátá! My goodness, just let those donkeys and sleep out in the plain! (Pk).

ɛ-sídáí₂ Nom sg: e-sidáí. Acc pl: i-sídân. Nom pl: i-sidân. [North] Acc sg: sɨ́dáɨ́. [North] Nom sg: sɨdáɨ́. [North] Acc pl: sɨ́dân. [North] Nom pl: sɨdán. n. 1 • Ostrich. struthio camelus. Ɛyáwúá dúóó ɛnkɛráí olmosorî lɛ́ sídáí aŋ. The child brought an ostrich egg home. (Pk).

3 • Feather headress used by warriors.

o-sídáí Headdress fashioned from ostrich-feathers and worn by warriors.

o-sídáí lɛ́ kúé terpsiphone viridis. Paradise fly-catcher.

sɨ́dáɨ́ [North] adj. Usage: taboo. [North] Sexually aroused or promiscuous (of women).

sídáí lékúény [North] n. [North] Whydah.

e-sídánó Nom sg: e-sidanó. n. Goodness. Ányɔ́r esídánó. I like goodness. (Pk). Mmɛɛ́tāɨ̄ esídánó naáíjó ɛnɛ́ Nkáí. There is no goodness like God's. (Pk). Éísīdāī esidanó. Goodness is good. (Pk). Áɨ́nyɔ̄ɔ̄ esidanó ɛ́ nkishón? What is the goodness of life? Áɨ́nyɔ̄ɔ̄ esidanɔ́ ɛ́ nkishón? What is the goodness of life? (W).

a-sidanú v.incep. To become alright. This is quite obviously derived from the adjective sídáí. The derived stative verb form is a-isidaí, while the inceptive a-sidanú lacks the ɨ́- verbalizing prefix.

a-siekú v.dir. 1 • To hurry up, come quickly towards. Ɛgɨ́ra náají Kuntái ɔ́ Síkɔ́ɨ́ áasieku. Kuntái and Sɨ́kɔ́ɨ́ are hurrying up. (Pk).

2 • [North] To arrive early. Kátésíékua. I arrived early. (S).

siemô [North] n. [North] Rainbow. See: siomô [North] ‘Rainbow’.

síému [North] n. [North] Group of men. Syn: ɨ-lɛ́wa ‘Group of men’. See: ɔ-lɛ́ɛ ‘Man’.

sɨ́ɛ́rɛ̂ [North] [North] Acc pl: sɨ́ɛ́rɛ̂n. n. [North] Club which can be thrown as a weapon.

sɨ́ɛ́ʉ [North] n. [North] Dried up dead leaves.

a-sɨgá [North] v.mid. 1 • [North] To become mature (and attractive).

2 • [North] To go bald.

3 • [North] To molt, shed skin.

4 • [North] To become clear (of water left to settle).

sɨga-kúé [North] n. [North] Bald or rocky peak (lit: bald head).

o-sigára Nom sg: o-sígara. Acc pl: i-sigaraní. Nom pl: i-sígaraní. n. Cigarette. Etɨáákakɨ́ inkɛ́ra pɔɔkɨ́ nɛ́mʉ́ráta peê méwók aké osigárā. All the children that are not circumcised have been told not to smoke. (Pk). Borrowed word: English cigarette? cigar?.

sɨ́gátá [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨgatá. n. [North] Baldness.

sɨgáti [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨ́gati. [North] Acc pl: sɨgát. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́gat. n. [North] Snakeskin.

siî [North] Acc sg: síî. adv. Particle which occurs after the first constituent of the sentence indicating:

1 • Just. Ɛnkɨtɨ́ siî aké incɔɔ́kɨ nánʉ́. Just give me a little.

2 • Also. Óre apá tíápa náa óre ɛnkɔ́p ɔɔ́ lMáásâɨ̂, náa mɛɛ́ta ɔlɔpɛ́ny. Kɛ́ɨ́rrɨ́tāɨ̄ apá inkíshú tɛ nkɔ̂p pɔ́ɔ̄kɨ̄. Ɛduŋí siî apá ilkeék... A long time ago Maasailand had no owner. Cattle could be grazed anywhere. Trees could also be cut... Ɛadɔ́ siî nɨ́nyɛ entitó âî My daughter is also tall. (W). Óre siî ɔ nánʉ́ némāyīēū ɨna álánó. I also do not want that ineptitude. (Pk). See: aké ‘Just, again’.

siî siî adv. Please; begging desperately for sth. Tápala siî siî ɛná áyíóní empúróre. Please, lad, stop stealing! (Pk).

ɔ-sɨ́ɨdʉ́ Nom sg: ɔ-sɨ́ɨdʉ́. n. Narrow place, eg. of land, in a road. Ɛsɨ́ɨdʉ́ doí aké ɛnkɔ̂p ɛɨshɔɔ́kɨ ɔ́lɛ́ Tɔ́mɛ́. Ole-Tome was just given a narrow piece of land (the piece of land is not appreciated). (Pk).

ɛ-sɨ́ɨdʉ́ Usage: pejorative. Line (pej).

a-sɨ́k [North]: a-sɨ́g. v.prog. 1 • To scrape, scrub, so as to remove sth. Ɛsɨkɨ́ta. She is rubbing / scraping it. Ɛsɨ́kɨ́ta. Ɛtɨákakɨ́ ŋotɔ́ Mólónkét peê elo asɨ́k olconí. Molonket's mother has been asked to go scrape the hide. (ie. to remove the hair and any flesh (Pk). Ɛshɔmɔ́ Mántâ asɨ́k imootío ɛ́nyɛ̂. Manta has gone to scrub their pots. (Pk).

2 • To plane or smooth out a surface (eg. a wood table), often with a stone. Ɨncɔɔkɨ́ eútu'ut násíkíé ɛlɛ̂ rinká. Give me a smoothing stone so that I can use it to make this club smooth. (Pk).

3 • To polish. Ɛshɔmɨ́ɨ́tɔ dúóó ɨrmʉ́rrân áasɨk ɨlalɛmá. The warriors have gone to polish their swords. (Pk).

4 • [Chamus] To rub.

5 • To make sth. disappear. Usage: Metaphorical. Nájo ájóki oleyieyîô máyɔparɛ ewúéji peê kɨsɨ́k. I tried to tell my brother that we go hiding ourselves along somewhere so that we disappear.

a-sɨká To come out like a snake out of its skin. See: a-jút; a-ój; a-yutuyút ‘To rub’.

e-síkar Nom sg: e-síkâr. Acc pl: i-síkari. Nom pl: i-síkári. [North] Acc sg: sɨ́kâr. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́kâr. n. 1 • Luxury displayed by adornment and luxurious lifestyle. Kɛ́nyɔ̄r ɔlɛ̂ Mankâ esíkār olêŋ; enkúso aké ɛnɛ́nyɛ. Ole Manka loves luxury very much; he just goes about dressing lavishly. See: ɛn-kársísisho ‘Affluence’.

2 • Pride.

3 • Adornment, ornament, decoration.

3 • Splendour.

4 • Joy.

5 • Freedom.

o-síkárí Nom sg: o-sikarí. Acc pl: i-sikariní. Nom pl: i-síkariní. n. Police. Ɛɨbʉ́ŋá isíkariní ɔlapúrroni. The policemen have arrested the thief. (ie. he has his hands tied up and has been carried off to jail) (W). Etymology: < Swahili?.

e-síkarr Nom sg: e-síkârr. Acc pl: i-síkarri. Nom pl: i-síkárri. n. Festivity, celebration, joyous occasion. Kɛ́nyɔ̄r ɨlbarnót isíkarri. Youngsters like festivities. See: ó-sírúa ‘Ceremony’.

ɛ-sɨkatɨ ɔl-asʉrai n. Molten skin of a snake.

sikicôî [North] [North] Nom sg: síkicôî. [North] Acc pl: sɨkɨcɔ́. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́kɨcɔ́. n. [North] Women's beads worn up to the time of the wives of the L-mékúrí.

ɔ-sɨkɨrâî₁ [sɪ̀kɪ̀ɾây] with plus atr on end] Nom sg: ɔ-síkirâî. Acc pl: ɨ-sɨkɨrá. Nom pl: ɨ-sɨ́kɨra. [North] Acc sg: sɨkɨrâɨ̂. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́kɨrâɨ̂. [North] Acc pl: sɨkɨrá. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́kɨrá. n. Cowry shell. Ɨ́ncɔɔ́kɨ ɔsɨkɨrâî lápɨ́k ɛnâ kúkúrí. Give a cowry shell that I will put on this calabash. (Pk).

ɔ-sɨkɨrâî lɛ́ nkomóm Strap with cowrie shell sewn on, tied on the forehead by newly circumcised byos and girls. Éíshópíto ɔlaɨbártani ɔsikɨrâî lɛ́ nkomóm. The newly circumcised young man is wearing a leather strap with cowrie shell sewn on it on his face. (Pk).

ó-síkírái lɛ́nkomám Forehead.

ɔ-sɨkɨrâî lɔ́ ltaʉ Cowrie-like fatty parts of the heart.

ɔ-sɨkɨrâɨ̂₂ n. Snail. Tálama ɨlɔ̂ sɨkɨrâɨ̂ míkíyélie aké lɛ́lɔ̂ sampʉlalí lɛnyɛ́na. Stay away from that snail lest it smears its slime on you. (Pk). See: ol-bíkít; ɔl-ɔsɨkɨ́; sampʉ́lálɨ́ ‘Snail’; l-cíŋei [North] ‘Snail’.

o-síkiria Nom sg: o-síkiria. Acc pl: i-sirkôn. Nom pl: i-sírkon. [Purko] Nom sg: o-síkíria. [North] Acc sg: sɨ́kɨrɨa. Variant: síkíríáni. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́kɨ́ria. [North] Acc pl: ŋirôn. [North] Nom pl: ŋíron.

n. 1 • Donkey. Nkíné natorúá síkíría aná. This is the goat that the donkey kicked. (SN). Níkipuo áaduŋuduŋ ɨlɛ́nyɔ́k lɔɔ́ ɨlkɨdɔŋɔ́ lɔɔ́ isirkôn. We will go cut into pieces hair from the donkey's tails.

2 • Male donkey.

3 • [North] Cow slaughtered after the head of the home (old man) dies. Usage: Metaphorical.

e-síkiria Female donkey. See: e-ŋirô ‘Donkey’; ɔl-ámʉyɛ ‘Male donkey’; en-kurrarrú ‘Young donkey’.

i-sikítok Nom pl: i-síkitok. n.pl. Colostrum milk. Áísikítok isikítok. Colostrum milk is yellow. (Pk). Émintóki áaɨshɔ ɨnkɛ́ra kʉtɨ́tɨ́ isikítok ɔɔ́ nkashɔ́ naaíkautûâ amʉ̂ kéítótir inkóíshua. Stop giving small children colostrum from heifers that are giving birth for the first time because it will make the(ir) stomachs ache. (Pk). See: sikítōī ‘Yellow’.

sikítōī Nom sg: síkitói. Acc pl: sikítok. Nom pl: síkitok. [Purko] Nom sg: síkitóí. [West]: síkitoi. adj. Usage: rare for livestock. Yellow. olŋátúny sikítōī A yellow lion. Ɛyáutúa ɨnkɛ́rá ɨlŋanayíó sikítok. The children have brought yellow fruits. Not used (or very rare) for livestock. Fine for plants, cloth, post-it-notes, etc. See: bukoi; dɛ́rlɛ́í; túlélei ‘Yellow’; i-sikítok; ‘Colustrum milk’.

e-sikɔ́rīɔ̄ [South] n. [South] Beans. See: il-marágwɛ ‘Beans’; em-póóshóí ‘Bean’.

a-sɨ́l v. To strain, sieve, filter, strain, sift; clear the impurities out of a substance. Ágɨ́ra doí asɨ́l ɛnkárɛ́ aitayú ɔsɨ́nyáí. I am filtering the water to remove sand. (Pk). See: a-jɨ́ ‘To sieve, strain’; a-sɨlá ‘To be pure’.

a-sɨlá v.mid. To be pure, sinless, clean, uncontaminated, wholesome. See: a-jɨ́; a-sɨ́l ‘To sieve’.

e-silá Nom sg: e-sílá. Acc pl: i-silân. Nom pl: i-sílan. [North] Acc sg: sɨlá. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́la. [North] Acc pl: sɨlân. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́lan. n. 1 • Girl. Usage: KSM: archaic? S: respectful. Ɛ́tálákɨ apá áɨ́ ɔlɔ́ŋ ɛnɔɔ́-silân tɛndá âŋ. That home had a girl who died. (lit: There was a loss the other day of one of the girl-types at that home.) (Pk). Syn: en-títō ‘Girl’. See: nk-ólíóntóí [North] ‘Girl’.

2 • Daughter.

ɔl-ɔɔ́silân

ɔ-sɨ́lálēī [North] Acc sg: sɨ́lálɛi. [North] Nom sg: sɨlálɛi. [North] Acc pl: sɨ́lalɛ. [North] Nom pl: slɨlálɛ. n. 1 • Myrrh tree. burseraceae, commiphora specialis. Used for fencing, medicine, firewood, chewing.

2 • [North] Tree which gives the gum used by initiates called n-áɨ́ŋʉ́rrɛ́. Boswellia hildebrandtii.

ɛ-sɨ́lánkâ n. Small dam.

ɔ-sɨ́lánkâ Large dam. See: ɛ-sɨlánkɛ́ ‘Large dam’.

ɛ-sɨ́lánkɛ́ Nom sg: e-silankɛ́. Acc pl: i-silankení. Nom pl: i-sílankení. [North] Acc sg: silanko. [North] Acc pl: silankoni. n. Large, constructed dam for water, either using tractors or men; reservoir. See: ɛ-sɨ́lánkâ ‘Small dam’.

sílánkó [North] Variant: sɨlánkɔ. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́lankɔ. [North] Acc pl: sɨlankɔní. n. [North] Reservoir, dam, pond. See: ɛ-sɨ́lánkɛ́ ‘Reservoir’. Etymology: < Swahili.

sɨ́lápáni [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨlapáni. [North] Acc pl: sɨ́lapan. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́lápan. n. [North] Plant whose fruit n-dorokó is edible. Cordia sinensis. Livestock eat the leaves and the wood makes good walking or herding sticks.

e-síle Nom sg: e-sílê. Acc pl: i-sílēn. Nom pl: i-silén. [North] Acc sg: sɨ́lɛ. [North] Acc pl: sɨ́lɛn. n. n. Debt; promise not fulfilled. Kéyīēū esílê pɔɔkɨ́ nɨ́lak. I want you to pay all debt. (Pk). Nɛ́mayianɨ ɛnadúóó áŋ amʉ̂ ɛ́táláá esíle. They bless the previously-mentioned home because they have cleared the debt [for a woman after she has given birth].

2 • n. The situation of one who is not saved, who does not adhere to Christ's teachings; unsaved. Usage: Christian.

sɨ́lɨ́bɨ́t [North] Variant: sɨlɨbɨ̂t. [North] Nom sg: sɨlɨbɨ́t. Variant: sɨlɨbɨ̂t. See: enk-oileélio ‘Dew’.

n. [North] Dew.

sɨ́lɨg [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨ́lɨg. n. [North] A look behind or over the shoulder.

o-siligí Nom sg: o-sílígí. [North] Acc sg: sɨ́lɨ́gí. [North] Nom sg: sɨlɨgí. n. Hope, speculation. See: a-isilíg ‘To trust’.

silím [North] [North] Nom sg: sílim. [North] Acc pl: silimîn. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́limîn. adj. 1 • [North] Having the characteristic of eating only livestock or people.

2 • [North] Cowardly (of people). See: gurét [North] ‘Fearful’.

silínki [North] [North] Nom sg: sílinki. [North] Acc pl: silinkiní. [North] Nom pl: sílinkiní. n. [North] Money of any sort (coins, paper bills, shilling), except copper cents. See: e-ropíyiā ‘Money’. Etymology: < Swahili shilingi, < English shilling.

símí [North] [North] Nom sg: simí. [North] Acc pl: símîn. [North] Nom pl: simín. n. 1 • [North] Grass that grows on deserted homestead. See: e-murûâ ‘Grass in deserted homestead’.

2 • [North] Old abandoned homesite. See: míjóni [North] ‘Abandoned homstead’.

ɛ-sɨ́mɨ́nkɔ́r Nom sg: ɛ-sɨmɨnkɔ́r. Acc pl: ɨ-sɨmɨnkorrí. Nom pl: ɨ-sɨ́mɨnkorrí. [North] Acc sg: símínkór, símónkór. [North] Nom sg: siminkór. n. Genet.

sɨ́mɔ́nkɔ́rr [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨmɔnkɔ́rr. [North] Acc pl: sɨmɔnkɔrrí. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́mɔnkɔrrí. n. [North] Genet. Genetta.

e-símu Nom sg: e-símû. Acc pl: i-símuí. Nom pl: i-símuí. n. Telephone. Ɛɨnyálɛ esímû ái. My telephone is broken. ɔltʉŋáni ɔ́ɔ̄sh esímu a person who is always using the telephone (lit: person who hits the telephone). Etymology: < Swahili simu ‘telephone’.

ɔ-sɨná [West] Nom sg: ɔ-sɨ́nā. [West] Acc pl: ɨ-sɨnaitín. [West] Nom pl: ɨ-sɨ́naitin. [North] Acc sg: sɨná. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́na. [North] Acc pl: sɨnaitín. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́naitín. n. 1 • State of being materially poor; poverty. Áíkitók ɔsɨ́na lɔ́ɔ ltʉ́ŋáná lɛ́ mɛ́áta ɛnkɔ́p. Poverty among landless people is great. (Pk). This may be a long-term situation.

2 • Difficulty, hardship, problems, troubles, calamity, sorrow, grief. Súújí ɛlɛ́ sɨ́nā olêŋ. This problem is very bad. (W). Kááta sɨná. I have a problem. (SN). Ɨ́áta sɨná. You have a problem. (SN). Kɛ́ɨ́tɔrrnɔ alɛ́ sɨ́na táatá. [kɛ́ɪ́tɔ̄̌rnɔ àlɛ́ sɪ́na táàtá] This problem is bad right now. (SN). Éjó iróréí lɛ́nkáí kóre inkóloŋi ésíádí, népúónú ɨsɨ́naitin kumók. The word of God says that during the last days, a lot of problems will come. (W). Such difficulties are typically caused by áɨ́sɨ́nánɨshɔ. Even a rich person may have sɨná, though the poor have it more.

3 • Depression. Áɨ́sápʉk ɔsɨ́na lɛ́nyɛ amʉ̂ etúá ɔlálashɛ. His/her spirits are low (sad) because his/her brother died. (Pk). This may be a temporary emotional condition rather than a life-long condition.

ɔ-sindánó n. Hospital?

sɨ́ndatói [North] Nom sg: sɨ́ndatói. Acc pl: sɨ́ndató. Nom pl: sɨ́ndató. n. [North] Hairy white creatures, once centimeter long, that crawl in straight lines on the ground. Káɨ́bá alɛ́ sɨ́ndatói olêŋ. I hate this bug so much. (SN). Kɛ́ɨ́tɔrrɔ̂k kʉlɔ́ sɨ́ndató olêŋ.

ɔ-sɨ́nɨg Nom sg: ɔ-sɨ́nɨ̂g. Acc pl: i-sínigi. Nom pl: i-sínígi. n. Calf muscle. See: a-ɨsɨnɨgá ‘To stiffen one's muscles’; ɛn-tɨɨ́s ‘Muscle of calf’.

o-sínjā n. Matchete, panga. See: ɔl-pánka ‘Matchete’.

ɔ-sɨnká Nom sg: ɔ-sɨ́nkā. Acc pl: ɨ́-sɨ́nkân. Nom pl: ɨ-sɨ́nkan. n. Servant. Eisíáai ɔsɨ́nkā olkitók lɛnyɛ́. The servant works for his employer. (Pk). Ɛshɔmɔ́ ŋolé ɔsɨ́nkā lɛ́ Nkáí ɛnkâŋ ɛnyɛ̂. The servant of God (evangelist, pastor) went to their home. (Pk). Ádɔ́l ɨsɨnkân táatá. [ádɔ́l ɪ̀sɪ̀ŋkán táàtá] I will see the servants/employees. (Pk). Maasai commonly have employees, helpers, servants such as herdsmen or people who do maintenance such as repairing a fence, tending a calving cow, running errands, etc. Payment could range from being given a goat, sheep, livestock, to a daughter of the employer. According to Waller 1993:233, ɨ́-sɨ́nkân has been used to refer to non-Maasai who cultivate land in Maasai territory but who do not have rights that s.o. who is formally adopted would have.

a-isinkán To serve.

sɨ́nkɨ́l Acc pl: sínkílí. Nom sg: sɨnkɨ́l. Nom pl: sinkilí. adj. Pure; clean. ɛnkárɛ́ sɨ́nkɨ́l pure water. See: sídáí ‘Good; clean’; a-rɔ́k ‘To be black: be spotlessly clean’.

sɨ́nkɨla [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨ́nkɨ́la. n. [North] Man's ornament consisting of a bird feather put in the hair.

o-sínkírá Nom sg: o-sinkirá. Acc pl: i-sinkíran. Nom pl: i-sínkirán. [North] Acc sg: sɨ́nkɨ́rá. [North] Nom sg: sɨnkɨrá. n. 1 • Small hut used in warriors' e-únótó graduation ceremony, where the sexual cleanness of warriors is tested. Óre apá peê éúní ɨlmʉ́rran nɛ́yɨmâ osínkírá. During the graduation of warriors, they all passed through the small hut. In many parts of the Maa-speaking area this small hut is built for special purposes at the centre of ɛ-mányátá, the ceremonial home. Certain parts of the ceremony can only take place here. Not all warriors are allowed in. It is the "holy of holies" into which "unclean" warriors are not allowed. Those who are regarded as unclean are the ones who have violated the rules of warriorhood.

2 • A house for the ol-oibóni in the camp used for the e-únótó ceremony. See: ɛnk-ají ‘House’; e-únótó ‘Warriors' graduation ceremony’.

3 • Special large house built for the e-únótó ceremony, usually placed slightly off-centre from the middle of the e-mányátá.

4 • [North] House built outside the homestead fence for a girl to entertain her warrior lover. Borrowed word: Kikuyu thingira 'hut'.

o-sínkirrî Nom sg: o-sínkirrî. Acc pl: ɨ-sɨ́nkɨ̄r. Nom pl: ɨ-sɨnkɨ́r. [West] Acc sg: o-sínkirríri. [North] Acc sg: sɨ́nkɨrr. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́nkɨ̂rr. [North] Acc pl: sɨ́nkɨrrí. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́nkɨrrí. [Chamus] Acc sg: sínkī̌r. [Chamus] Acc pl: sɨ́nkɨ́r. n. Fish (generic). Átódúáa ŋolé osínkírrî tɛ náɨ́pɔsha. Yesterday I saw a fish in the lake. (Pk). In at least S, no specific fish names exist. See: súpóréí ‘Fish’.

o-sínkólīō Nom sg: o-sinkólīō. Acc pl: i-sinkoliotín. Nom pl: i-sínkolioitín. [Chamus] Acc sg: súnkólio. n. 1 • Song (generic). Ɛ́táránya ŋolé ɨnkɛ́râ osínkólīō sídáí. Yesterday the children sang a good song. (Pk). Óre peê ɛɨshɨ́r nɛ́ranyakɨ́ osínkólīō. And when she cried, she (elder sister) would sing her a song. adúŋ osínkólīō to compose (lit: to cut a song). See: ɔl-aranyɨ́ ‘Song’.

2 • Dance.

o-sínkólīō
See: en-kigurán ‘Dance, play’.

3 • Drum. See: ɔl-drâm; ol-wúlul ‘Drum’; n-câ [Chamus] ‘Drum’.

ɛ-sɨ́ntaní [South] [North] Nom sg: sɨ́ntaní. [North] Acc pl: sɨ́nták. [North] Nom pl: sɨnták. n. 1 • [South] Girlfriend. See: ɛ-láŋátá ‘Girlfriend’.

2 • [North] Male or female lover.

3 • [North] Levirate wife.

4 • [North] Age-mate sister.

5 • [South] A term of address used by a woman to call her brother's wife.

síntêt Nom sg: sintét. Acc pl: síntetí. Nom pl: síntetí. adj. 1 • Yellow-orange.

2 • Pink, purple, maroon. Though kk (W) identifies certain "pink" shades as síntêt, he thinks of síntêt as a type of sikitôî and not a kind of (ná)nyókíé.

3 • Dapple-gray. Usage: cows, goats; not sheep. Tɛ́rɛʉ́ ɛndâ kɨ́tɛ́ŋ síntêt mɛshɔ́mɔ ɨlashɔ́. Bring that dapple-grey cow to go (graze) with the calves. (Pk).

o-síntí Nom sg: e-sintí. Acc pl: i-sítîn. Nom pl: i-sintín. n. Red ochre rock.

a-sɨnyá v.mid. 1 • To be holy, saintly, blameless, perfect, without moral fault. Ɛnkáí aké násɨ̄pā ɛsɨnyá. It is only God who is (known to be) holy. (Pk). Though ɛsɨnyá can be applied to people in the sense of 'saintly', ɛn-káí 'God' is the only one who never makes mistakes, is infallible, etc. Óre ɨ̀lɔ ɔsɨ́nya ɔ́lɛ́mɛ́sɨ́nya náa kɛ́ɨ́dɨm aɨnɔ́sa The one who is holy [or, clean] and the unholy [or, unclean] can eat it. Ɔltʉŋáni ɔsɨ́nya aké ɔ́jɨŋ intaléŋo. It is only the holy people who perform/are selected for ritual ceremonies. (Pk). ɔltʉŋáni ɔsɨ́nya person who is holy, saintly, blameless.

2 • To be without physical deformity, physically perfect. Ɛsɨ́nya. It is of only one sacred color (and therefore suitable for a sacred purpose). (W). Ɔlkɨ́tɛ́ŋ ɔsɨ́nya oshî ɛpɨkɨ́ intaléŋo. It is an ox which has no physical fault that is slaughtered for ceremonies. (Pk). An animal acceptable for such ceremonies is pure white or black; it is not spotted nor has an "unsaintly" color such as séro bush-brown (color of dry bush). Ɔlmʉ́rráni ɔsɨ́nya oshî ɛɨ́táɨ́ ɔlaigúɛ́nani. It is a physically healthy (wholesome) warrior who is made a leader of his age group. (Pk). An acceptable leader would not have a physical deformity (missing ear, incapcitated eye, crippled, etc.). Nɛ́pɨ́kɨ́ olkúkúrí ɔsɨ́nya lɛ́mɛ́dánya. It is put into a perfect calabash that is not broken.

a-sɨnyarí v. 1 • To become clean, blessed, wholesome, holy. Óre ɨlɔ ɔsɨnyári ɔ́ lɛ́mɛ́sɨ́nyári kɛ́ɨ́dɨm aɨnɔ́sa. The one who has been blessed (guided/ watched over/ holy [not "made clean"]) and the one who is not blessed (guided/ watched over/ holy [made clean]) can eat it. Note: our back-translation of what is written as Deuteronomy 12.15 Ɛ́notó naá ɛ́ntɨrɨshʉ́ eŋúes nasɨnyári ɔ́ ɛnɛ́mɛ́sɨ́nyári. Get to know/learn the animal which is always blessed/holy/sacred, and the one that is not always blessed/holy/sacred. (Pk).

2 • To happen in a smooth, non-problematic manner. Kɛ́gɨ́ra taá doí ɨmbáá áasɨnyari. Things are moving smoothly. (Pk). Ɛshɔmɔ́ ɨntáleŋo áasɨnyari pɔ́ɔ̄kɨ̄. All the work has gone fine (well). (Pk).

a-sɨnyayú To become holy, blameless. Kɛ́sɨ́nyáyu ɔlɔɨkɔ́paní ɔ́talaá inkíshú ɔɔ́ nkɨrrɔ́. A murderer who has paid the compensation for murder becomes blameless/holy. (Pk). Kɛ́sɨ́nyáyu ɔltʉ́ŋání pɔ́ɔ́kɨ́ óírūk oróréí lɛ́ nkáí. Every person who believes in the word of God becomes blameless/holy. (Pk).

a-sɨnyʉnyɛ́ 1 • To grow faultless or blessed. Ɛgɨ́ra táatá ɛncán tɛlɛ́ árí asɨnyʉnyɛ́. The rain this year is raining faultlessly (ie. without stopping and without causing any harmful effects on humans and animals). (Pk). Asɨnyʉnyɛ́ naá doí esíááí nátií ɛnkarruoísho atúā. Can work grow blessedly which has conflict (chaos) in it? (Pk).

2 • To become physically fit, without physical deformity. Ɔlmʉ́rráni ɔtɨsɨnyʉ́nyɛ ɛɨtáāɨ̄ ɔlaríkoni. It is the warrior who grew up to be without physical deformity that will be made a leader. (Pk).

a-sinyunyíé Variant: a-sinyunyé. To beceome holy or faultless through or via sth. Ɛgɨ́ra ɔltʉ́ŋání asinyunyé ɛnkomonó naomón ɛnkáí. The person is becoming holy through the prayer he made to God. (Pk). Óre oshî ɔltʉ́ŋání pɔɔkɨ́ naá kéomón ɛnkí enkishón nasinyúnye. Every person asks God to give him/her life that becomes progressively holy. (Pk).

a-sɨnyakɨ́ To be holy or blameless for s.o. Áatɨsɨnyaká táatá ɛlɛ̂ árî. This year has been holy for me (ie. my affairs and activities have been blessed or favoured). (Pk). Tápala aké íyīē amʉ̂ káaɨtɨsɨnyákɨ ɛnkaí esíáai. Do not mind (lt. just leave it [if there are doubtful things]) because God will make this work holy/blameless for me. (Pk).

a-sinyakinó To be holy, blameless, faultless for, or with reference to s.o. or sth. Káagɨrá oshî táatá ɨmbáâ áasɨnyakino ti álo ɨmpápá. My work these days is becoming faultless towards my father. (Pk) Things are going on well with me vis-à-vis my father (eg. he is more and more approving; we are more and more in agreement). (Pk). ... peê etum atɨsɨnyakínoyú ... so that it could become faultless (or holy) for him. See: sɨnyáti ‘Holy, saintly, blameless, faultless’; a-ɨtɨsɨ́ny ‘To cleanse; sanctify’.

ɔ-sɨ́nyáí Nom sg: ɔ-sɨnyaí. Acc pl: ɨ-sɨ́nyá. Nom pl: ɨ-sɨnyá. [North] Acc sg: sʉ́nyáɨ́. [Chamus] Acc sg: sʉ́nyáí. n. 1 • Sand. Ɛwá ɛnkárɛ ɛ́ ncán ɔsɨ́nyáí pɔɔkɨ́ osóto ti aúluo. The rainwater has washed off (taken) all the sand on the ground outside the homestead. (Pk). Nɛ́bâ ɨlmʉ́rrân lɛ́ mányátá âŋ ánaa ɔsɨ́nyáí. The warriors of our ceremonial home are like [as numerous as] the sand.

2 • Well from which one must regularly scoop sand to make a hollow which then fills with water. Ɛtɛrɛwákɨ / ɛ́tɛ́rɛ́wákɨ dúóó inkíshú ɨsɨ́nyá lɔ́ lkɛjʉ́adɔ. The cows have been taken to the wells of Kajiado. (Pk). Usage: Shallower than ɔl-cɔ́rrɔ.. See: en-kulupúóni ‘Sand’.

sɨnyáti Nom sg: sɨ́nyati. Acc pl: sɨnyát. Nom pl: sɨnyát. adj. 1 • Holy, saintly, faultless, blameless. Ɨ́ncɔɔ́kɨ ɛndâ Biblía Sinyáti maáwa kanísa. Give me that Holy Bible so that I can take it to the church. (Pk).

2 • Being one color for a sacred purpose. Meyieŋí áíkátá ɔlkɨ́tɛ́ŋ lɛ́mɛ́ sinyáti tɔɔ́ ntáleŋo. An ox which is not of one color (for a sacred purpose) is not slaughtered.

sɨ́nyátīcō [North] n. [North] Holiness. See: sɨnyáti ‘Holy’.

a-sɨ́ŋ v.prog. To sneeze. Mɛɛ́ta oshî ɔltʉŋáni lɛ́mɛ́sɨŋ tɛ nɛ́jɨŋ ɔlɔ́ɨ́rɔbɨ. There is no one who doesn't sneeze when he catches cold. Kɛ́sɨŋɨ́ta. She is sneezing. Késɨŋʉ́nɨ̄ entérít. The dust will be sneezed. Ásɨ́ŋsɨ́ŋɨ́ta. I am sneezing every few seconds. (W). See: a-ám ɛ-nalʉmɛ́; a-ɨsʉgaá ‘To sneeze’.

a-sɨŋát v. 1 • To crave for sth. (beer, tobacco; of humans).

2 • To crave for salt (of cattle).

sɨ́ŋátarɛ [North] Nom sg: sɨŋátarɛ. n. 1 • Place at which cattle can satisfy thei craving for salt; saltlick.

2 • [North] Trip to a saltlick.

ɛ-sɨŋátɛ Nom sg: ɛ-sɨ́ŋatɛ. n. 1 • Craving, eg. for salt, tobacco, beer, tea, etc. Ɛ́táá sápʉk ɛsɨŋátɛ ɔ́ɔ nkíshú tɛ nkárakɨ́ imbolíó nɛɨtʉ́ ɛnya. The cattle's craving is serious because they have not licked the salt-licks. See: ɛ-sʉ́mash ‘Hunger (for food)’; ɛn-kʉrɛ́ ‘Thirst (for water)’.

2 • Sexual desire.

sióga [North] [North] Nom sg: síoga. [North] Acc pl: sioganí. [North] Nom pl: síoganí. n. [North] Hat.

See: en-kopíya ‘Hat’; en-karandá ‘Cap’.

síôj [North] n. [North] Mangoose. See: súsuk ‘Yellow Mangoose’; m-pɨ́lɨs ‘White-tailed Mangoose’.

a-siokí v. 1 • To do sth. fast, quick. Átásíókō nanʉ́ ayiolóú kʉnâ báa kúmok? I have learned of these things very fast. (Pk). Ɛgɨ́ra ɛnkɛráɨ́ áí abʉlʉ́ asiokí. My child is growing very quickly. (Pk). Áɨ́nɔ́sɨ́ta ɛndáa asiokí amʉ̂ álótíto aɨnɛpʉ́ ɛngárri. I am eating food quickly because I'm going to catch the bus/car. (W).

2 • To do sth. earlier.

3 • [West] To be the first out of two or more to do sth. Etoíwuokí kʉná ashɔ́ pɔkɨ́ra aré ɛnkɔlɔ́ŋ nabô. Káke meyíólóí ajó aa taá nabô násíókí aishó kɛnyá. These two heifers were born at the same time. But no one knows which one of them will give birth first. (W).

síókí [North] Nom sg: siokí. n.sg. [North] Group of men who go for raids but would not dare face the enemies so they go back; cowards.

I-síólo n.prop. 1 • District in North Kenya inhabited by Samburu, Somali, and other northern people.

2 • One of the end-points of ɛnk-árɛ́ Mara.

síómí [North] [North] Nom sg: siomí. [[sỳòmí] one mora in the first syllable] [North] Acc pl: síom. [North] Nom pl: síôm. n. [North] Domestic animal including camel, goat, sheep, or cattle, livestock; typically would not be used for donkey. Kátárámáta síómí ááí. I have taken care of my domestic animal. (SN). Kádɔ́l síom téisére. I will see livestock tomorrow. (SN) All livestock will get fat next year.

siomô [North] Variant: siemô. [North] Nom sg: síómo. [North] Acc pl: siomôn. [North] Nom pl: síómon. n. [North] Rainbow.

sɨ́ɔ́ɔ́j [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨɔɔ́j. [North] Acc pl: síóójî. [North] Nom pl: sioojî. n. [North] Dwarf mongoose. Helogale parvula.

e-síóote Nom sg: e-síóóte. Acc pl: i-sioótēn. Nom pl: i-síootén. [North] Acc sg: sóote. n. 1 • Lid, cap (of any sort). Náaná isioótēn kúmok oó nkúkúrtok. Here are many caps of calabashes. (PK). Káíkénie kʉnâ sioótēn inkúkúrtok. I will use many caps to close the calabashes. (PK).

2 • Short cap or lid for a certain type of calabash (mála), usually made of leather. See: en-kíkénét ‘Lid’.

a-siooyó [North]: a-sioyó. v. 1 • To go quickly, go in a hurry.

2 • To be early, arrive early. Káyīēū náɨ́sarrɨ́sarr peê aló asiooyó. I want to walk fast so that I can arrive earlier. (Pk). See: a-sioyó ‘To walk quickly’.

e-siɔrɔ́g Nom sg: e-síɔ̄rɔ̄g. Acc pl: i-siorogîn. Nom pl: i-síórogîn. n. Leather funnel for feeding baby animals; modernly the funnel may also be made of rubber or plastic. Ɨ́ncɔɔ́kɨ esiɔrɔ́g maishórie ɛlɛ̂ áshɛ̂ kʉlɛ́. Give me the leather funnel so that I can give this calf milk. (Pk). Ɨncɔɔ́kɨ esiɔrɔ́g náórórīē ɔláshê Give me the leather funnel for feeding the calf. The implication is that the calf is helpless.

a-siorogá v. To lack freedom to interact freely with others.

e-síórótó [North] Nom sg: siorotó. n. Hurry, haste, rush. See: a-siooyó ‘To go in a hurry’; a-sioyó [North] ‘To go in a hurry’.

síote [North] Acc sg: e-síote. [North] Nom sg: síóte. [North] Acc pl: sióten. [North] Nom pl: síotén. n. Lid, top of a container.

a-sioyó [North] v.dir. 1 • [North] To walk quickly. This indicates walking faster than a-ɨnapɨnáp.

2 • [North] To hurry. See: a-siooyó ‘To go quickly, arrive early’.

a-itesioyó [North] [North] To hurry.

a-sɨ́p v. 1 • To make sth. smooth by removing flakes or chips from the object (eg. a stick, cooking pot). Tɨ́sɨpa ɛlɛ̂ rinkó apá látágúátúa. Make this knobkerrie smooth that I have carved. (Pk). Ásɨ́p ɛngárri. I will clean and polish this car to within the last inch of its life (ie. it will be spotlessly clean).

2 • To "smooth" a situation. Átɨ́sɨ́páká taá enkóítōī. I have blessed your journey. (lit: I have smoothed your path.) (Pk). Older people may especially say this, believing they are qualified to bless.

3 • To effectively and decisively ruin another, principally by killing (or perhaps by ruining another's reputation). Ásɨ́p!! I will kill him! (in revenge) / I will find the truth! Étéjó dúóó kɛ́sɨ́p mmɛɛ́ta aké ɛnanyɔr. He said he will finish him, nothing will favor him. (Pk). Ásɨ́p ɛngárri. I will terminate the life of the car.

4 • To justify a wrong (eg. by getting even, by killing).

5 • To speak truthfully, correctly. Ɛ́sɨ́p. He will tell the truth. He will say it correctly (ie. with good grammar and pronunciation). / He will say the truth. Tɨ́sɨpa ajó ɛɨtʉ́ ɨlɛ́ɨ̄shɔ̄. Tell the truth (please guarantee) that you have not lied. (Pk). Ásɨ́p ajó imitumóki ɨlɔ tʉŋáni. Truthfully speaking, you cannot cope with that man. (Pk). Áásɨ́pákɨ ánaa enkomóm. I will tell you the truth clearly, smartly, effectively, not withholding anything. (lit: I will tell you the truth as to the forehead.) (Pk).

6 • To be completely certain of. Kásɨp ajó mmɛyíólo esíáai. I am certain that he does not know the job. (Pk). Ásɨ́p ajó ɛngárri. I truly know that it is a car. Ásɨ́p, ɛngárri. [pause after ásɨ́p] I know it is a car. ɔltʉŋáni ɔ́sɨ̄p person who is certain.

7 • To do sth. thoroughly. Kásɨ́p. I am certain, I will make it smooth, I will do it thoroughly.

8 • To clean the very last remaining particles from (eg. a pot, dish, bone). The only effective way to get a dish this clean would be to lick it off or perhaps wipe it with one's finger (a spoon could not clean it sufficiently). Kásɨ́p ɛnâ motí. I am going to clean (all the food stuck to the bottom of) that pot; I am going to clean (left-overs from) the pot.

9 • To find the truth, determine, substantiate.

a-sɨpá v.mid. 1 • To have a smooth surface: eg, a table top, human skin, smooth plastic. Óre olconí lémétíí ɨlpapɨ́t náa kɛ́sɨpa. A skin without hair/fur is smooth. Kɛ́sɨ́pa ɛlɛ̂ karashá aláŋ ɛ́ldɛ̂. This sheet worn on the body is smoother than that one.

2 • To be soft.

3 • To be true. Néjo "Eé, kɛ́sɨ́pa taá." He said, "Yes, it is true.". Mmɛ̂ pɔɔkɨ́ báɛ ɔ́lmarenké násɨ̄pā. Not all rumours are true. Kɛ́sɨ́pa ajó imeekʉ́ré ɛ́ɨ́gɨ́lɨ́ ɨna tɛ́mátá. It is true that that exam will not be done again. (Pk).

4 • To be correct. ɔltʉŋáni ɔsɨ́pa person who is correct, true. Ɛ́sɨ́pa ŋánia. So-and-so is right. (W). Néjo "Eé, kɛ́sɨ̄pa taá." He said, "Yes, it is true.". See: kédéde ‘Right’.

a-sɨpaí [North] v.mid v.incep. [North] To become smooth.

a-sɨ́pani To be truthful.

a-sɨpayú v.mid v.incep. In some suffixed forms: -sɨpayun. 1 • To become true. Ɛ́táá kɛ́sɨ́pāyu ɨncɛ́rɛ ɨlɔ sukuúl It is becoming true that you are going to school. (Pk).

2 • To be effective. Ɛ́táá doí kɛnyá kɛ́sɨ́páyu ajó kɛ́ɛ́sáyu esíáai ɛ́ kʉ́lɔ túŋáná. It is effectively true that the work of these people is going to happen. (ie. The work is not yet complete; but we are confident that it will be.) (Pk).

a-sɨpʉ́ v.dir. In some suffixed forms: -sɨpʉn. 1 • To make sth. smooth.

2 • To come to know the truth; to clarify and gain confidence that sth. suspected actually is the case; to verify. Áló asɨpʉ́ ajó áŋ áɨ́ nátadanyá intokítin áinéí I am going to find out who broke my things. (Pk). Tɨ́sɨpʉ taá aké ɨna báɛ peê kílótú aɨnɔsakɨ́. Find out the truth to about that issue, so that you can come and tell me. (Pk).

3 • To scrutinize, stare at. Kásɨ̄pʉ̄. I will stare at (examine, scrutinize, see clearly) him/her. Áɨ́ŋʉ́rra asɨpʉ́ olêŋ ajó ɨ́mɛ nɨnyɛ́ ɨlɔ. I have scrutinized him to ensure that he is not the one. (Pk).

4 • To deal with s.o. or sth. satisfactorily. Káásɨ́pʉ̄. I'll deal with you (eg. beat you) to my satisfaction.

a-ɨtɨsɨ́p v.cause. 1 • To make true.

2 • To verify, testify to.

ɔ-sɨ̂p Acc pl: sípi. [North] Acc sg: síp. [North] Nom sg: síp. [North] Acc pl: sípi. [North] Nom pl: sípí. n. Shoulder; scapula. See: o-rôny ‘Shoulder’.

ɛ-sɨ́pátá Variant: sɨ́pa. Nom sg: ɛ-sɨpatá. Acc pl: ɨ-sɨpát. Nom pl: ɨsɨpát. n. 1 • Truth. See: ɛn-adéde ‘Truth’; n-dedêî [North] ‘Truth’.

2 • [North] Righteousness.

sɨpáti adj. Naked. See: a-sɨ́p ‘To make smooth’; a-ɨshɔɔbɔ́ ‘To be naked’.

ɛ-sɨ́pɨ́l Nom sg: ɛ-sɨpɨ́l. Acc pl: i-sípílí. Nom pl: i-sipilí. [North] Acc sg: sɨpɨ́l. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́pɨl. [North] Acc pl: sɨpɨlí. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́pɨlí. n. Spear head, point; blade section of a spear. See: ɔl-mʉ́rrát ‘Spear butt’; l-aɨŋɔ́nɨ lɛ́ mpɛrɛ [North] ‘Spear head, point’.

e-sipisípí Nom sg: e-sípisipi. [North] Acc sg: sɨpɨ́sɨpî. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́pɨsɨpî. [North] Acc pl: sɨpɨ́sɨp. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́pɨsɨp. n. 1 • Small layer of soft tissues that lies between bark and inner wood of a branch; slightly gummy, normally juicy with sugar. This substance may be further scraped off to get to the solid wood (eg. as for making a good toothbrush). Etoójúó Náípanóí esipisípí ɛ́ldɛ̂ shaní. Naipanoi has scraped the gum off of that tree. (Pk).

2 • [North] Fat found below animal skin.

3 • [North] Medicinal sap of a tree. See: ɛnk-abobóki ‘Bark’.

sipitáli n. Hospital. Ɛɛwá ɔltámúéyíáí sipitáli. He has taken a sick person to hospital. (Pk). Borrowed word: English hospital.

e-sípólioi Nom sg: e-sipólioi. Nom pl: i-sípólio. Acc pl: i-sipólio. n. Female initiate (ie. a women who has been newly-excised). Ɛyákákɨ́ esípólioi ɨsɨkɨrá lɛnyɛ́na. The initiate (girl) has gotten her cowrie shell. (Pk).

o-sípólioi Syn: ɛnk-áɨ́bártani ‘Female initiate’. Male initiate (ie. a man who has been newly-circumcised).

a-sɨ́r v. 1 • To mark (eg. an unfamiliar cow with red ochre). Ɛ́tɨ́sɨ́rákakɨ́ ŋolé esiankíki natoríkuokí inkíshú. The newly-married woman had her cows marked for her yesterday. (Pk). The wife, new to the home, is shown her new cows. She needs to mark them when they are shown to her, with dung or soft white stones, so she can gain the knowledge of which are hers. For some this is just a ceremonial action to show that she accepts the cows (and not for purposes of recognition). asɨ́r enítō To mark a pre-adolescent or adolescent girl (about ages 9-16) for marriage. Formerly, the (prospective) mother-in-law would literally mark the girl with butter or ghee. This act closes off other possible marriage partners.

2 • To paint. Tɨ́sɨrakɨ siî nánʉ́ ɨnkɛjɛ́k. Paint my legs/feet too (eg. for games, ceremonies, dances). (Pk). asɨ́r ɔlkɨtɛ́ŋ lɔɔ́ lbáa To paint (with milk) the ox of the enkiyíéú ceremony (W).

3 • To write, draw. Kéísīdāī nɨnyɛ́ súkuul amʉ̂ kɛ́sɨrɨ́ ɨmpála. School is good because books are written (painted, drawn) on. (Pk).

4 • [North] To add a little milk (eg. to tea).

a-sɨrá v.mid. To be striped; paint oneself. Átódúá enkoilií nasɨ́ra tɛ múrúa. I saw a striped gazelle in the fields. (Pk). Ɛkɛ́sɨ́ra ilóítikoshí pɔ́ɔkɨ. All zebras are striped. (Pk). Etíi ilóítikoshí ɔ́ɔsɨrá enkɔ́ŋátá náádɔ́. There are striped zebras in the wide plains. See: kerî ‘Black and white striped’.

a-sɨrakinó v.dat v.mid. To be inscribed. Kɛ́sɨrakínō doí lɛlɔ̂ kígerot empálāī. Those writings are inscribed on that paper. (Pk).

a-siríé v.inst. To make stripes with, use to mark with. Ɛ́ɨ́shɔ́ɔ́kɨ Narikú Inkɛ́rá ɔlɔɨŋɔ́nɨ ɔsiríé inkíshú. Nariku Inkɛra has been given a bull to use for marking her cows. (Pk). The new wife is given one main bull (even though there may be others in the herd) to "mark" the herd in an abstract sense.

a-sɨrʉ́ v.dir. To choose. ɨlaisiaayíák linónō lítísírūā your workers that you chose (C).

tɛ násirie While it is still morning; in the morning (lit: in that which is striped). See: ɛ-sɨrɛ́t ‘Chalk; betrothal gift’; a-igér ‘To mark, write’; a-ɨgɨ́s ‘To mark’; a-elíé ‘To paint with’.

ɛ-sɨ́ráí Nom sg: ɛ-sɨráí. n.sg. 1 • Regret (used with the verb a-nyá 'to eat'). Áanyakâ ɛsɨráí amʉ̂ átánya dúóó alotú ajó mmelotú engárrî nálo âŋ. I regret that I came because I thought there would be no vehicle to my home. (lit: Regret has eaten me because ....) (Pk). Ɛ́kɨ́nyááká ɛsɨráí tɛ nkárakɨ́ nɛɨtʉ isieku aɨnɛpʉ́ engárrî nikiya aŋ? Do you regret because you did not hurry to catch up with the vehicle that would take you home? (lit: Has regret eaten you because ...) (Pk).

2 • [North] Deep love for sth.

3 • [North] Type of tree that has milk-like substance used to treat stomach upsets.

a-ɨsɨráí To regret.

a-sɨrakinó v.mid. To be inscribed. Kɛ́sɨrakínō doí lɛlɔ̂ kígerot empálāī. Those writings are inscribed on that paper. (Pk).

o-síram [North] Acc sg: síram. [North] Nom sg: sírâm. [North] Acc pl: sírami. [North] Nom pl: sírámi. n. 1 • [North] Okapi.

2 • Bongo. boocercus eurycerus.

3 • [North] Lesser kudu; [South] Kudu, esp. lesser kudu. Tragelaphus imberbis.

sɨ́ran [North] Acc sg: sɨrán. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́ran. n. 1 • At the earliest light of dawn. Tɛ sɨrán taá kɨ́mpaŋie inkíshú amʉ̂ kɛ́lákūā ɛnkɔ̂p It is very early at dawn that we are moving the cows, because we are going far. (Pk).

2 • [North] Morning, from about dawn until mid-morning. Kɛ́tabáwuá sɨ́ran. The morning has arrived. (SN). Kácám aná sɨrán. I like this morning. (SN).

sɨrán ŋirô [North] The earliest light of the morning, around 5:00-6:00 a.m. See: ɛ-nasirié ‘Dawn’; sɨrán ɔ́ ltɔmɛ ‘Before sunrise’.

sɨrán ɔ́ ltɔ́mɛ́ [North] n. [North] Early in the morning before the sun rises (lit: morning of the elephant). See: akɛnyá; sɨrán ‘Morning’; ɛn-darʉ́na ‘Dawn’.

ɛ-sɨ́rárɛ̄ Nom sg: ɛ-sɨrárɛ. n.sg. 1 • The making of markings or drawings on the surface of sth.

2 • Writing. Kéyíólo ɔlmalimúí ɛsɨ́rárɛ̄ ɛ́ mbáo. The teacher knows how to write on the blackboard.

3 • Employment.

4 • Engagement for marriage. See: a-sɨ́r ‘To make marks’.

ɔ-sɨ́rátá Nom sg: ɔ-sɨratá. Acc pl: ɨ-sɨrát. Nom pl: ɨ-sɨ́rat. n. 1 • Mark, line, writing(s). ɔsɨ́rata mark, line. Tɨ́pɨka ɛnâ pálāī inó ɔsɨ́rátá ɨ́ntɔbɨrakɨ́. Put on this paper of yours a proper line. (Pk). See: ol-kigeróti ‘Writing’.

2 • [North] Plain; a spot without trees in a forest.

sɨrayɔ́ [North] Nom sg: sɨ́rayɔ́. Acc pl: sɨrayɨ̂ɔ̂n. Nom pl: sɨ́rayɨ̂ɔ̂n. n. 1 • [North] Poultry tail feather.

2 • [North] Vulturine guinea fowl. Acrillium vulturinum. See: n-kɛrɛsɨ́rɛ́ [North] ‘Guinea fowl’; ɔl-kɨdɔŋɔ́ɨ ‘Tail’.

ɛ-sɨrɛ́t₁ Nom sg: ɛ-sɨ́rɛ̄t. Acc pl: ɨ-sɨrɛ́ta. Nom pl: ɨ-sɨ́rɛta. n. 1 • Sth. used to mark with, eg. calcium stone, chalk, paint for the face. Ɨ́ncɔ̄ɔ̄kɨ̄ siî íyíé ɛsɨrɛ́t násíríé ene. Give me chalk for marking here. (Pk).

2 • Betrothal present, used to "mark" a girl. Ɛwákɨ apá ɛsɨrɛ́t ɛnkáŋ naiŋorunyíéki entítō. A betrothal gift was taken to the family which a girl is going to be married from. Nɛ́dʉmʉ́nyɛ áapuo ɛnadúóó áŋ áaya enáíshó najî ɛsɨrɛ́t ɛ́ nkɔ́shɔkɛ. They rise up to go to that home to take beer that is called the marker-of-the-stomach [used to betroth the girl]. The betrothal present typically consists of sugar, tea leaves, tobacco. This betrothal present is left before the mother-in-law applies the oil/ghee on the girl's face. See: a-sɨ́r ‘To mark’; ɔl-cɔkáā ‘Blackboard chalk’.

sɨrɛ́t [North]₂ [North] Nom sg: sɨ́rɛt. [North] Acc pl: sɨrɛ́ta, sɨráta. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́rɛta, sɨ́rata. n. [North] Fat from around the entrails of an animal, including kidneys, liver, intestines. This is heavier than látá narúko, and is used for cooking. See: lata ‘Fat’; ɛn-kúrríny ‘Fat from the stomach’.

síri n. Secret.

siria n.pl. Name of a Maasai section. See: ol-oshô ‘Section’.

o-sírianí Nom sg: o-sírianí. Acc pl: i-siríá. Nom pl: i-siríá. n.prop. The Siria Maasai now live in Trans-Mara around Lolgorien, Kenya.Siria Maasai person, Siria Maasai man.

e-sírianí Siria Maasai woman.

o-síríéí n.prop. Siria Maasai. See: o-sírianí.

sɨrɨkán [North] n. [North] Meat which is hung to dry.

ɛ-sɨrɨ́kanî [North] Acc sg: siríkanî. [North] Nom sg: sírikanî. [North] Acc pl: sɨrɨ́kan. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́rɨkan. n. Dried strip of boneless meat; billtong.

síriko [North] Variant: sírko. [North] Nom pl: síríko. n. [North] Fatal disease of goats characterized by madness and caused by worms in the brain; the staggers.

o-sírínkít Nom sg: o-sirinkít. n. 1 • Spine, back-bone. Ɛtɨgɨ́lɛ osirinkít lɛ́ nkorióŋ lɛ́nyɛ. His back-bone has broken.

2 • Spinal cord.

3 • [North] Ridge. Usage: geography.

o-sírínkít lɛ́ nk-orióŋ Variant: ɔ-sírínkitá lɛ́ nk-oríóŋ.

o-sírírí Nom sg: sirirí. n.m.sg. 1 • Zealousness, passion. [song] A: Sírírí! B: Máɨ́lɛpá ilKirémishó, máɨ́nɛpʉ́ imponót ɨl-Kɔkɔ́yɔ ɛɨtʉ eipirri. A: Passionately/proudly! B: Let's (us) "spearers" go up and get the coward Kikuyu before they run away. (W).

2 • Pride (about a cow). Usage: cattle. Tʉ́bʉ́la! Ɛnkɨ́tɛ́ŋ âî sirirí! Prosper! my cow (in which I am) proud. (W). Sírírí can be used for a cow that one is proud of for a variety of reasons, but typically implies the cow was stolen and the raider made it home with the cow despite obstacles. The term cannot be used with reference to other types of animals (eg. goats).

3 • Straight. Éníŋ sirirí kɨ́ŋá. The foreigner hears straight/properly. (ie., Don't gossip and be careful what you say, because you don't know who is next to you, and that person might understand the foreign language you think they don't know.). Some speakers have described the meaning of sirirí as 'gossip' (as when "you don't talk good about s.o."), but note that it does not mean 'gossip' outside of this saying. Mol (1996:374) gives the meaning 'straight', but this meaning is apparently not known to at least some younger speakers and some do not actively use the word, though they recognize it.

siririmí [North] n. [North] Type of beads worn by newly initiated girls on their heads. See: ɨ-saên ‘Beads’.

e-sírít₁ Nom sg: e-sirít. Acc pl: i-siritó. Nom pl: i-sírito. n. 1 • Cohort or local division of warriors; band, comrades. Mmɛɛ́ta oshî ɔltʉŋáni lɛ́mɛ́ɛ́ta esírít ɛnyɛ́. Everyone has his/her comrades. (Pk) (lit: There is no one who does not have his/her group of comrades.).

2 • Group or troop of people of one's own age; eg. a dance troop. Usage: modern.

sírít [North]₂ [North] Nom sg: sirít. [North] Acc pl: siritó. [North] Nom pl: síritó. n. [North] Ladder used for climbing trees to retrieve honey.

sirkáli [West] Nom sg: sírkali. n. Government. Etymology: > Swahili serikali ‘government’.

i-sirkôn n.pl. Donkeys. See: o-síkiria ‘Donkey’.

e-sirkúáli Nom sg: e-sírkuali. Acc pl: i-sirkualiní. Nom pl: i-sírkualiní. n. Trouser, shorts. See: sʉrúálɛ ‘Trouser’.

e-siró [North] Nom sg: e-síro. Acc pl: i-sirôn. Nom pl: i-síron. [North] Acc sg: siró, suró. [North] Nom sg: síro, súro. [North] Acc pl: sirôn, surôn. [North] Nom pl: síron, súron. n. [North] Bat-eared fox. Otocyon megalotis. See: wuɔrwuɔrsáŋ [North] ‘Bat-eared fox’.

sɨrpɛlɛ̂ɨ̂ [North] Variant: sɨrɨpɛlɛ̂ɨ̂. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́rpɛlɛ̂ɨ̂. [North] Acc pl: sɨrpɛlɛ̂n. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́rpɛlɛ̂n. n. [North] Superb starling. Spreo superbus.

o-sírua₁ Nom sg: o-sírûâ. [Acc sgː òsíɾwa] Acc pl: i-síruai. [Pl: ìsíɾwai] Nom pl: i-sírúai. [Pl Nom: ìsíɾúay] [North] Acc sg: sɨ́rua, sʉ́rua. [North] Nom sg: sɨ́rûâ. [North] Acc pl: sʉ́rwuaɨ. [North] Nom pl: sʉ́rwâɨ̂. n. Eland. Taurotragus oryx. Ɛ́ɨ́nɔ́sá isírúai ɨlpáɛ̂k lâŋ. The elands have eaten our maize crops. (Pk). Etymology: < súrua 'blue'.

sírua₂ Acc pl: i-síruai. adj. 1 • Cloud-white nearing gray. Ɨ́ŋʉra siî íyíé ɛndá atampôî sírua. Look at that white cloud. (Pk).

2 • Brownish-greyish-black; the color of an eland. osírua sírua an eland-colored eland.

3 • Reddish.

4 • Lightly-saturated color; blue, white, etc. Used for animals, cloth. See: pʉ̂s ‘Blue, gray’.

e-sírua₃ Nom sg: e-sírûâ. n. Light of dawn, the inception of dawn. Tɛ sírûâ taá kiyôk áapuo nɛ́ākʉ̄ ényioitó ɛ́ntayookí. At the first light of dawn we will go, so wake up very early. (Pk). See: o-sírua ‘Eland’. Káa múá ɔɔ́ nkɨlánī esidáí tó sírûâ lɛ́ nkɨamá? What colour of clothing is good for the wedding celebration?

ó-sírúa Nom sg: ó-sírúa. Acc pl: í-sírúáî. Nom pl: í-sírúáî. n. Ceremony; An occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event. ósírúa lɛ́ mʉ́rátarɛ Circumcision ceremony. See: e-síkarr ‘Festivity’.

a-sɨsɨ́n v. To press on sth.

e-sístáí [èsístáy] Nom sg: e-sistáí. Acc pl: i-sistaní. Nom pl: i-sístaní. n. Nurse. Ɛshɔmɔ̂ isístaní. The nurses left. (W). The masculine counterpart would be ɔlabáani. Etymology: English [sɪstr̥] 'sister'.

e-sitá Nom sg: e-sítā. Acc pl: i-sitân. Nom pl: i-sítan. n. Fence. Nákɛ́râ, ɛ́mintóki áaŋɛr ɛsitá. Children, stop breaking the fence. (Pk). See: ɛn-kɨ́kárrɛ́t; kióni; ol-pááshé; úátá ‘Fence’.

e-sítéti [North] Nom sg: sitétí. [North] Acc pl: sítét. [North] Nom pl: sítêt. n. 1 • A tree with edible fruit; lime tree. Tilliacaea, grewia bicolor, grewia mollis. A dry savannah tree used for spear-shafts, makng rope, roasting meat, and building. Wag269.

2 • Fruit of the lime tree.

o-sitíma Nom sg: o-sítima. Acc pl: i-sitimaní. Nom pl: i-sítimaní. n. 1 • Artificial light, such as a torch.

2 • Electricity, electrical power. Borrowed word: Swahili stima.

sɨtɨmâ [North] [North] Nom sg: sɨ́tɨmâ. [North] Acc pl: sɨtɨmân. [North] Nom pl: sɨ́tɨmân. n. 1 • [North] Male (human or animal). See: ɔl-bʉ́ŋaɨ ‘Male, bull’.

2 • [North] Helpful, friendly upstanding man.

sîû [North] adv. [North] Uselessly.

o-síwúó [òsíwwó] Nom sg: o-siwúó. Acc pl: i-síwûôn. Nom pl: i-siwûôn. [North] Acc sg: siwúó. Variant: suwúó. [North] Nom sg: síwuo. [North] Acc pl: siwûôn. n. Wind, air. Ɛwá osiwúó ɔrkáráshá dúóó olûâ tɛ bɔ́ɔ́. The wind has carried away the cloth spread outside (to dry). (Pk). Ɛgɨ́ra ɛnkɔ̂p aisiusíú amʉ̂ kétíī osiwúó ɛnkɔ̂p. The land is blowing wind. (lit: The land is blowing-wind because there is wind (in) the land.) (Pk). Néítejo osíwuo. The wind took them. See: en-kijápɛ; ɔl-kʉtáti ‘Wind’; l-wáúú [North] ‘Wind’.

Síyíápéi Nom sg: Siyiapéí. n.prop. 1 • Name of a river which flows into Ewuaso ŋirô River near Narok Town.

2 • Trading center along the Síyíápéi River, located about 12km east of Narok Town on the road to Nairobi, Narok District. Kíntasho apá tɛ Siyiapeí áawɔmɔnʉ ɛnkárɛ́. We stopped at Siyiapéí to ask for water. (Pk). See: Ewuaso ŋirô ‘Brown River’.

sobûâ [North] [North] Nom sg: sóbua. [North] Acc pl: sobúáni. [North] Nom pl: sóbuaní. n. 1 • [North] Walking stick carried by elders to support themselves; staff.

2 • [North] Herding stick. Sobúá rɔ́nkáí etudúŋūā. [sòbwá] It is a thin herding stick that he cut (from a tree). (SN).

sóbúá ɔ́ lkɨdɔŋɔ́ɨ Part of the tail above the whisk. See: ɔl-ártat; ɔl-cártʉ́lá ‘Walking stick’.

sógis [North] Nom sg: sógîs. Acc pl: sógisí. Nom pl: sógisí. n. [North] Sock. Etymology: < English 'sock' ?.

o-sóít Nom sg: o-soít. Acc pl: i-soitó. Nom pl: i-sóito. [North] Acc sg: sóít. Variant: soít. [North] Nom pl: sóitó. n. 1 • Rock, stone. Átɔ́duaa osóít sápʉk tɛ ntɔnatá ɔ́ ldóínyio. I have seen a big rock at the foot of the hill. (Pk). See: ol-tótoi ‘Pebble’; ɛn-dápɨdápoi ‘Rock’; ɛm-pɔ́ɔ́r ‘Semi-porous stone’; ɔl-ŋɨ́nai ‘Obsidian stone’; ol-morú ‘Hard stone’.

2 • Stone-like substance. Eyíéú ɛmpápa iropiyianí kúmok peê ɛshɛt ɛnkají é soit. My father wants a lot of money so he can build a permanent house (eg. of cement or stone). (W).

3 • [North] Stone of the bao game.

3 • [North] Battery.

4 • The body of a deceased child.

5 • [Purko] The body of a deceased man who does not have a family (neither wife nor children).

o-sóít oidoŋishóreki Mill stone, grinding stone (lit: stone with which grinding is done).

sóít lɛ́ nkɨ́má [òsóít lɛ́ ! ŋkɪ́má] Nom sg: soít lɛ́ nkɨ́má. Acc pl: i-soitó lɛ́ nkɨ́má. Nom pl: i-sóito lɛ́ nkɨ́má. n. Cooking stone (lit: fire's rock). Ɛ́ncɔm ɛ́yakɨ́ ɛndâ tásat ɔmɔ́nɨ isoitó lɛ́ nkɨ́má. Go and get cooking stones for that newly-arrived woman. (Pk).

sóít lɛ́ nkɨ́má
Three stones are arranged for cooking, inside the ɛnkají 'house', when a woman builds her house.

o-sóít odóru n.prop. Name of a steep escarpment and cliffs, about halfway along the road from Magadi to Olkiramatian, Kajiado District, Kenya (lit: the rock which has become-red).

sóít tɔ́ɨ́bɔr [North] n. 1 • [North] White quartz stone, which is very hard (lit: stone of whiteness).

2 • [North] Woman who has refused to marry you (said by a man).

i-sóíto l-ɔl-ári n.pl. Hail. See: o-sóít ‘Stone’; ɔl-ári ‘Rain’.

o-sókêt n. Species of tree.

(o-)sokóni Nom sg: (o-)sókoni. Acc pl: (i-)sokoniní. Nom pl: (i-)sókonini. n. Market. Ɛshɔmɔ́ dúóó ɨntɔmɔnɔ́k osokóni. The postpartum women went to the market. Kmóu amʉ̂ kátíī atúá ɨ́lɔ̂ sokóni ɨna ɔlɔ́ŋ. [àtúá ɪ̀lɔ̀ sòkóni] Come because I will be at that market that day. (Pk). Árɛ́wɨ́ta inkíshú sókóni. I am taking the cows to market. (W). Sokóni sápʉk ɔlKɛ́jʉ́ādɔ̄. Kajiado is a big market. (W). See: o-síngírá ‘Market’.

ɛ-sɔ́kɔr n. 1 • A place where one works to earn a living; market; workplace.

2 • The action of working to earn a living. See: a-ɨsɔkɔrʉ́ ‘To work to earn’.

sokotêî [North] [North] Nom sg: sókotêî. n. [North] Plant sp. which has an edible fruit. Salvadora persica.

sókotô [North] n. [North] Leather bag for carrying calabashes filled with water.

somít Spoiled milk.

sompóe [North] n.pl. [North] Many young children. See: ɛn-kɛ́ráí ‘Child’.

sompóye [North] [North] Nom pl: sómpoyé. n. 1 • [North] Small children.

2 • [North] Small child who has died.

sómúá Nom sg: somúá. Acc pl: sómúan. Nom pl: somúán. n. Dirt or dust on someone's eye. See: en-tubúlōī ‘Dirt on someone's eye’.

e-sonkík Nom sg: e-sónkik. n. Excrement of a calf, lamb or kid after it has started suckling, usually whitish in color; meconium. See: máldáány ‘Excrement of a new born lamb or kid’.

e-sonkóyo n. It is the leaves that smell good. Is put under the armpits of warriors, woven and rubbed into beads. It Is not eaten and does not smell like an onion. acanthaceae, justicia diclipteroides. A kind of small plant that smells very good; has "leaves" that look like those of an onion. See: nasʉnkɔ́yɔ ‘Shrimp plant’.

ɛ-sɔ́nɔrua n. 1 • Upper part of a cow's leg; its meat is given to the mother of the owner who slaughters a cow.

2 • [North] Medial underside of a cow.

e-soŋoúna Nom sg: e-sóŋoúna. Acc pl: i-soŋounaní. Nom pl: i-sóŋounaní. n. Aroma of roasting meat. Áíŋúáyie esoŋoúna ɔ́ɔ́ nkírí naápejitói. I smell the aroma of meat that is being roasted. (Pk).

sɔ́ɔtɛ [North] Variant: sɔ́ɔtɛ̂. [North] Nom sg: sɔ́ɔ́tɛ. [North] Acc pl: sɔɔ́tɛn, sɔɔ́tɛ̂n. [North] Nom pl: sɔ́ɔtɛ́n. n. [North] Long strip of roasted goatskin, eaten by women and children.

sɔ́ɔtɛ ɛ́ nkʉ́tʉ́k [North] [sɔ́ɔtɛ ɛ́ŋkʊ̀tʊ̀k] n. [North] Lip. See: en-coní ɛ́ nkʉ́tʉ́k; e-nyírbat ‘Lip’; en-giremu(u) [South] ‘Lip’.

sopîâ [North] Nom sg: sópîâ. [North] Acc pl: sopiaîn. [North] Nom pl: sópiaîn. adj. 1 • Dark, almost black. ɔltʉŋáni sopîâ a person who is quite black (not light brown) (K Pk). Exact shade interpretation varies depending on the item being talked about. As a skin-color term, this may be applied to men or women. It is not used for cattle.

2 • Dark, but not approaching black. For W, sɔpîâ would not be appropriate for a dark Dinka or Turkana. See: a-rɔ́k ‘To be black’; e-múgíé ‘Brown’.

3 • New moon.

4 • [North] Series of four days immediately after the full moon.

e-sopîâ Nom sg: e-sópîâ. Acc pl: i-sopiaîn. Nom pl: i-sópiaîn. n. Those days during the month when the moon is dark (missing). Tɛ sópîâ kɛnyá ɛɨdʉrrɨ́ amʉ̂ ninchɛ́ apá aké eidurríéki. It is during the nights of the month when the moon is missing when migration will be done. (Pk). Apparently the dark time of the month is the traditional time for migration.

o-sordó Nom sg: o-sórd0. Acc pl: i-sordôn. Nom pl: i-sórdon. n. 1 • Silt; dirt, mud, or waste that sinks to the bottom when water is left quiet. Miok isordôn. Don't drink the dirt that sinks to the bottom of the water. Tɨ́pɨkʉ́ taá ɛnkárɛ́ akɨ́tɨ peê ɨŋúāā osordó. Pour out the water carefully so that you can leave the mud.

2 • Muddy water.

3 • Mud.

4 • Rejected item. Ɛwákɨ intokitín pɔɔkɨ́ sídân nɛ́ɨ́ŋuarɨ́ osordó. All the non-defective things have been taken and the rejects have been left. (Pk). See: ol-okídoŋôî; ɛ-sarŋáb ‘Mud’; m-parpár [North] ‘Mud’.

sɔrdɔ́ [North] [North] Nom sg: sɔ́rdɔ. [North] Acc pl: sɔrdɔ̂n. [North] Nom pl: sɔ́rdɔn. adj. 1 • [North] Mud-coloured.

2 • [North] Mud.

sɔ́rɔ [North] [North] Nom sg: sɔ́rɔ̂. n. [North] The first green grass to grow after rain or after the old grass has been burned. See: em-pílílí ‘Grass’; en-dîs ‘Green grass’.

o-sorórūā Nom sg: o-sóroruá. [North] Acc sg: sɔrɔ́rūā. [North] Nom sg: sɔ́rɔrúá. [North] Acc pl: sororuaní. n. Navel, umbilicus.

soróti [North] n. Small one. Mɛáta mpɛrɛ́ soróti. A spear does not have a small one. (S).

sóroi [North] [North] Nom sg: sórôî. [North] Acc pl: sóro. [North] Nom pl: sórô. n. [North] Wilderness, uninhabited land, "the bush".

sorríó [North] Variant: sorriô. [North] Nom sg: sórrio. n. [North] Sacrifice. This is a ceremony where a cow or goat is slaughtered, everyone eats the meat and is smeared with oil (except the warriors). No visitor is supposed to enter into this home until a period of 7 days elapses. See: ɔl-ásar ‘Sacrifice’.

sorrôr [North]₂ n. [North] Type of "calabash" made from sisal fibre. This is mostly used by boys at lálɛ́. See: tulét ‘Calabash’; en-kúkúrí ‘Calabash’; ɛnk-ɔtɨ́; ɛ-nyaánca ‘Small gourd’; ɛ-mála ‘Big gourd’; n-kɨrráú [North] ‘Gourd’.

sorrôr [North]₁ adj. [North] Sterile or castrated (of bulls).

sorrôrr [North] [North] Nom sg: sórrorr. [North] Acc pl: sorrorrí. [North] Nom pl: sórrorrí. n. 1 • [North] Wooden calabash, used esp. by warriors and boys at herding camps for milking and storing milk. In S, this is about 15 cm tall and 8 cm at the mouth, with two handle "buds"; may be made from l-aɨcɨmɨ́ wood.

2 • [North] Leg garment used in ceremonies.

e-sôs₁ Nom sg: e-sôs. Acc pl: i-sósi. Nom pl: i-sósî. n. 1 • Mat, matting. Ɛ́ɨ́dʉ esôs metótonie ɨnkɛ́râ. Bring the mat so that children will sit on it. (Pk).

2 • Screen.

e-sôs [North]₂ [North] Acc pl: sósin. n. 1 • [North] Illegitimate birth; born out of wedlock. Usage: Figurative.

2 • [North] Partial break of a bone.

sósi [North] n. [North] Hive with very little honey, but more than l-ápóí. See: l-ápóí [North] ‘Empty hive’.

e-sosîân n. Stick with soft frayed end for cleaning calabashes.

sosíóm [North] [North] Nom sg: sósiom. [North] Acc pl: sosiomîn. [North] Nom pl: sósiomîn. n. [North] Front of the nose.

a-sót v.prog. 1 • To gather things together at one point, put together. Ɛgɨ́ra ɨnkɛ́râ áasot ilkeék ti aúluo. The children are gathering firewood outside. (Pk). Ésót. She will gather (sth). Esotíto. He/she is gathering it. Esótíto. He/she is gathering it.

2 • To gather together with others. Nésot népuo áatoki áasotū. They come together and they go and follow [their cows] again.

a-sotoó v.dir. 1 • To gather things together to take them elsewhere. Ágɨ́ra asotoó ɨnkɨlání mɛshɔ́mɔ́ɨ́ áɨ́sʉj tɛ bɔɔ́. I am collecting the cloths for washing outside. (Pk).

2 • To uproot.

a-sotú v.dir. To gather up, collect. Ɛ́ntasotú ɨmálasin amʉ̂ ɛ́táá kɛ́ɨ́ŋʉrákɨnɨ ɛnapá kɛ́ráí inyî ɨntaléŋo. Collect beer gourds because it is about time for your child to go through initiation. Ɛ́gɨ́ra inkáyiok áasotu ɨ́ntɔtɔ. The boys are collecting pebbles. (Pk). Elotú olbunkéí asotú iropiyaní tááisére. The member-of-parliament will come to collect funds tomorrow. (W). Kásótúta soitó. I am collecting stones. (SN). Kátósótúá soitó. I collected stones. (SN). See: a-bɔsʉ́ [North] ‘To collect’; a-isotú ‘To gather’; a-iturrúr ‘To gather together’; a-ŋɛrʉ́ ‘To gather fruits’.

o-sóto n. Homestead.

sotoónyi [North] [North] Nom sg: sótoónyi. [North] Acc pl: sotoóny. [North] Nom pl: sótoóny. n. [North] Blood clot. See: m-bosoónyi [North] ‘Blood clot’.

sotûâ [North] [North] Nom sg: sótua. n. [North] Walking stick. See: sóbúá [North] ‘Walking stick’.

o-sótúá Nom sg: o-sotúá. Acc pl: i-sotuatín. Nom pl: i-sótuatin. [North] Nom pl: sótwuatín. n. 1 • Relative by blood or marriage. Óre apá peê ɛmʉratɨ́shɔ ɛldɛ́ páyian néyetúó osotúá lɛ́nyɛ pɔɔkɨ́ áarēt. When that man circumcised (his children), all his relatives came to help.

2 • An intimate, loving relationship, as between a person and God, blood relations, or marriage partners. Ɛnkáí âŋ ó sótúá, our God of loving relationship (C). See: ɔl-cɔ́rɛ́ ‘Friend’.

3 • Peace.

4 • Friend; [North] Friend, esp. when based on the exchange of gifts.

5 • Umbilical cord. Óre oshî peê eishú ɛnkɨ́tɛŋ nédúŋí ɔláshɛ́ osótúá áarishue emudɔ́ŋ. When a cow gives birth, its calf has its umbilical cord divided (cut off) from the placenta. (Pk). See: o-sorórūā ‘Navel’.

sowapʉ́ni [North] [North] Nom sg: sɔ́wapʉ́ni. n. [North] Small grub sp.

suami Acc pl: i-suam. Nom pl: i-súam ?. n. Livestock. Nɛ́nɛnâ isúam naáperí tɛ bɔ́ɔ There are cows/cattle that lie inside the kraal.

e-súatɛ Nom sg: e-súátɛ. Acc pl: i-suátɛ̄n. Nom pl: i-súatɛ́n. n. 1 • Resin from the ɔl-ŋosua tree.

2 • Long thin piece of meat.

ɔ-sʉ́atɛ Usage: poetic. Castrated male sheep or goat, ripe for slaughter.

a-subó [North] v. [North] To be rough, especially the skin. See: a-rrɨrrɨ́ ‘To be rough’.

l-osúbo [North] 1 • [North] Of the rough skin.

2 • [North] Elephant.

subúria [North] [North] Acc pl: suburianí. n. [North] Metal cooking pot. See: en-téreét ‘Pot’; e-motí ‘Cooking pot’. Etymology: < Swahili sufuria 'pot'.

a-subusubó [North] v.mid. [North] To be wrinkled.

sʉ́cai [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ́câî. [North] Acc pl: sʉ́ca. [North] Nom pl: sʉ́câ. n. [North] Plant whose leaves are used for forage, traditional medicine, and at circumcisions. Barleria.

sʉɛɛ́ [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ́ɛɛ́. [North] Acc pl: sʉɛɛ̂n. [North] Nom pl: sʉ́ɛɛ̂n. n. [North] Blue-tailed skink. Mabuya quinquetaeniata.

a-sʉgɛ́ny [North] v. [North] To shell; remove the outer layer (eg. bark of a tree). See: a-kɨ́ny ‘To shell’.

sʉgʉ́mɛ [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ́gʉmɛ. [North] Acc pl: sugúmia. n. [North] Hillock, little hill.

a-sʉ́j₁ Note: SN says that a-sʉj is there, but is not the normally used one.v.prog. 1 • To follow closely after s.o. who is moving. Ɛ́sʉ́j. He followed it. Ɛ́tʉ́sʉ́já. She followed him. Ɛtʉ́sʉ́já. She followed him. (W). Míkíntóki asʉ́j amʉ̂ káshúkúnyie tanákatá. Stop following me because I will return back very soon. (Pk). Kɛ́gɨ́ra iláyiok áasʉjaa ɛldɛ̂ payíán. The boys are following that man away. (Pk). Ásʉ́jʉ́ tááisére alotú áŋ. I will follow [s.o.?] hither to home. (Pk). Ɛtʉ́sʉ́já Kónené inkíshú oreyíét. Konene has followed the cows to the river. (W). Syn: a-irukurukoré ‘To follow’. See: a-tubaké ‘To follow’; a-ɨjɨpaá ‘To follow’; a-rʉbarɛ́ ‘To walk with’.

2 • To be ordered subsequent to in sequence. Kááta ɔlpɛ́tɛ tɔlkímojíno ɔ́sʉjɨta ɛnkɨ́lintâ áí. I have a ring on the finger that follows the small finger. Esʉjákínō. They follow each other (eg. in birth order). (W). Jumáa oshî násʉjɨta Jumamósi. It is a Friday that follows a Saturday. (Pk). Usage: See usage note at a-ɨbʉ́ŋ 'to catch'.

a-sʉjaá v.dir. 1 • To go after s.o. quite far away with intent to catch up. Ɛgɨ́ra asʉjaá aɨŋʉraá tɛnáa kéyíólōū ajó káɨ́nyɔ̄ɔ̄ doí peê ɛtaasá ɨ́nâ. He is following him so that he can find out why he did that.

2 • [North] To drive away completely, force to go. In S, a-sʉjaá is more forceful than a-rɛwaá. See: a-rɛ́ʉ́ ‘To drive away’.

a-sʉjarɛ́ v.dir v.inst. To follow s.o. out of a hidden or cynical motive. Ɛgɨ́ra asʉjarɛ́ aɨŋʉraá tanáa kéyíólōū ajó inyɔ́ɔ́ doí peê ɛtaasá ɨ́nâ. [ɛ̀tààsá ɪ̀nà] He is following him so that he can find out why he did that. (Pk).

a-sʉjʉ́ v.dir. [North] To drive toward the point of reference.

a-sʉ́j [North] v. [North] To slander s.o. See: a-kʉ́rr₂ ‘To defame s.o.’.

ɛ-sʉkári Nom sg: ɛ-sʉ́kari. n.sg. Sugar. Ɨmpɨ́saí ajá ɛsʉ́kari? How much is sugar? (W). Borrowed word: English.

a-sʉkɛ́ny v. 1 • To speak to s.o. about his/her wrong deeds to make him/her be ashamed of them and possibly correct them; reprimand.

2 • [South] To jeer.

o-súkí Nom sg: o-sukí. Acc pl: i-súk. Nom pl: i-sûk. n. 1 • Callous person. Osúkí taá dúóó ɛlɛ̂ tʉ́ŋání ólimijo peê ɛtapalikíá nɨ́nyɛ ɔltʉŋáni. The person is very callous who does not even forgive. (Pk).

2 • Maasai term for the Pokot people. Ɛkɛ́ramát taá doí oshî siî nɨ́ncɛ isûk inkíshú ánaa ɨlMáásâɨ̂. The Pokot people also keep cows like the Maasai. Syn: a-rɔ́k ɔ́shɔkɛ ‘To be hard-hearted’.

súkuntá [North] [North] Nom sg: súkuntá. [North] Acc pl: súk. [North] Nom pl: sûk. n. 1 • [North] Pokot person.

2 • [North] Pokot tribe. Usage: plural.

3 • [North] Spear used by warriors, which is slightly shorter than an elder's spear. Usage: singular.

súkúroi [North] [North] Nom sg: sukúroi. [North] Acc pl: súkúro. [North] Nom pl: sukuró. n. [North] Aloe. The roots are used in making beer.

súkúrtúti [North] [North] Nom sg: sukurtúti. [North] Acc pl: súkurtut. [North] Nom pl: súkúrtut. n. [North] Plant, used medicinally. Cissus quadrangularis.

a-sukút v. To bewitch. Ɛgɨ́ra ɛnkɛráɨ́ adamá ánaa ɛnasukúto. The child is behaving like one who is bewitched. (Pk).

ɛ-sʉ́kʉta [North] Acc sg: sʉ́kʉta, sʉ́gʉta. [North] Nom sg: sʉ́gʉ́ta. n. 1 • Lake or body of water rich in mineral salts. Óyîê ɛ́ntɛrɛʉ́ ɨlashɔ́ ɛsʉ́kʉta peê épúó áawok ɛnkárɛ́. Boys, drive the calves to salty (mineral) water, so that they can drink the water. The sense is water rich in mineral salts, and not salty like ocean water or Lake Magadi.

2 • [North] Salt marsh. See: ɔl-bálbál; ɛ-naɨpɔ́sha; ol-túrótó ‘Lake’; m-básu; m-páriŋko [North] ‘Lake’; ɛ-makát ‘Salty lake ? km’.

sukúul Nom sg: súkuul. Acc pl: i-sukuuluní. Nom pl: i-súkuuluní. [North] Acc pl: sukuulí. [North] Nom pl: súkuulí. n.m. School. Kɛ́saa ajá íló sukúul? What time will you go to school? (W). Kɛ́nárɛ̄ aké néítorisiokiní ɛmpɨ́kátá ɔɔ́ ntóyie esukúúl ɛnɔɔ́ láyíók. The number of girls that go to school should equal that of boys. This implies that more boys actually go to school than girls. Etymology: < English school.

a-sʉ́l v. 1 • To lop sth. off sth. else. Ágɨ́ra náají asʉ́l ɔlcaní otíí endê. I was removing (branches) from a certain tree that was there.

2 • To strip (off). Ɛ́sʉ́l. She will strip / lop it (off).

3 • To embarass. Ɛtʉ́sʉ́lá ɛnkɛráí intóiwúo ɛnyɛ́nā apurrishó. The child embarassed her parents by stealing. (Pk).

a-sʉlaá v.dir. To knock sth. over. Shɔ́mɔ tɨ́pɨka ilkeék ɛnkɨ́má nɨ́dɔ̄l aké mɨ́sʉláa ɨna motí. Go put firewood in the fire and take care so that you do not knock over the pot. (Pk).

a-sʉlakinó v.dat v.mid. To fall into sth.; fall onto. Tóduaa aké mɨ́sʉlakínó atúá engúmótó. Take care lest you fall into a hole. (Pk).

a-sʉlarí v.dir v.mid. To fall off of. Tóduaa taá mɨ́sʉlári amʉ̂ kéúróri ɨna mártî. Take care so that you don't fall, because that cliff is weak. (Pk). See: a-batata; a-itɛrrɛ́; a-urorí ‘To fall’.

a-sʉlʉ́ v.dir. To bring, take, knock sth. down, throw down or off. Ɛ́ntʉsʉlʉ́ adé inkíshú peê epúóí áaud osintáno. Bring the cows down (from some upper ground) so they can be vaccinated. (Pk). Ɛ́gɨ́ráɨ́ áasʉ̄lʉ ɨsagáraram peê ɛ́nyá intáre. Fruits are being knocked down so the sheep and goats can eat. (Pk).

a-sʉlʉnyɛ́ v.dir v.mid. To fall from (up high), fall off of. Ɛsʉlʉ́nyɛ. It will fall from it (eg. a tree). Ɛsʉ́lʉ́nyɛ. It will fall from it (eg. a tree). (W). Ɛgɨ́ra inkáyiok áasʉlʉnyɛ tɔ lcáni. The boys are falling from a tree. (Pk). aɛnaá ilkúkúrtok tɔ ldɨ́rɛta peê mɛ́sʉ́lʉ́nyɛ To tie the calabashes on the pack saddles to stop them from falling (Pk).

ɛ-sʉ́lárɛ Nom sg: ɛ-sʉlárɛ. n. Scandal, embarrassment. Ɛsʉ́lárɛ tɛ nɛ́ākʉ̄ mmɛŋasákɨ ɨnkɛ́râ ɨlɔɔ́ mɛ́nyɛ. It is an embarrassment when children do not greet the fathers. (Pk).

ɛ-sʉlárɨ n. Sth. shameful.

sʉ̂m [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ̂m. [North] Acc pl: súmi. [North] Nom pl: súmî. n. [North] Pen for sheep, or sheep and goats together, located within the larger kraal. See: ɛm-bɔɔ́ ‘Kraal’.

sʉ́mac [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ́mâc. n. [North] Hunger. See: nk-ɔlɔ́ŋ [North] ‘Hunger’.

ɛ-sʉ́mash Nom sg: e-sʉ́másh. [South] Acc sg: e-súmay. [West] Nom sg: ɛ-sʉ́mâsh. [North] Acc sg: sumac. n. Hunger. Kɛ́ātā oshî ɔltʉ́ŋání óiŋuaa shoó esʉ́mash. A person who comes from herding is mostly hungry. (lit: A person who comes from herding usually has hunger.). Nétum ɨnkɛ́râ (taábū) ɛsʉ́mash sápʉk. The children were very hungry. Ɛkáyíéú ɛndáa amʉ̂ kááta ɛsʉ́mash. I want food because I am hungry. (Pk). Áanyaɨta ɛsʉ́mâsh. I am feeling hungry. (W) (lit: Hunger is eating me.). Kɨ́nyá ɛsʉ́mâsh? Will you feel hunger? (W). See: ɔl-áméyú ‘Hunger’; n-kɔlɔ́ŋ [North] ‘Hunger’; ɛn-kʉrɛ́ ‘Thirst’.

sumatíá [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ́matíá. [North] Acc pl: sʉmatianí. [North] Nom pl: sʉ́matianí. adj. 1 • [North] Grey.

2 • [North] Of mixed colour (eg. green or blue with black).

e-súmeitá Nom sg: e-súmeitá. Acc pl: i-sumeitaní. Nom pl: i-súmeitaní. n. Type of traditional plant used as medicine to induce vomiting, primarily when one has malaria. The roots? or Stem? are pounded, mixed with oil or fat, and chewed or swallowed. The preparation immediately induces nausea. Oreosyce africana.

sʉmɨsɔ́ [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ́mɨsɔ́. n. [North] Rainy season of January-February.

sʉ́múá [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉmúá. [North] Acc pl: sʉ́mûân. [North] Nom pl: sʉmúán. n. 1 • [North] Speck or foreign body in the eye.

2 • [North] Dust raised by the wind. Usage: plural.

ɔ-sʉ́nash Nom sg: ɔ-sʉ́nâsh. Acc pl: ɨ-sʉnáshī. Nom pl: ɨ-sʉ́nashí. n. 1 • Male animal born with a single testicle. Meputókīnī áɨ́ kata ɔsʉ́nash inkíshú. Cows are never given a bull with a single testicle [as the "official" bull of the herd]. A single-testicled bull cannot be assumed to be able to sire offspring. Further, if such a bull can, it could pass on the deformed genetic trait.

2 • Castrated bull, pack ox.

3 • [North] A bull that has been castrated, but the operation did not work and so still behaves like one that is uncastrated. See: ɔl-dárpóí ‘Bull without testicles’; ɔl-kúunta ‘Castrated bull’; kodíle ‘Male with one testicle’; sátima ‘Castrated bull’; ɔ-sáídóŋóí ‘Castrated male’; ɛn-tápɨs ‘Homophrodite’; sʉnkʉlaité ‘Homophrodite’.

sunkólīō [North] n. [North] Song.

sʉnkʉlaité [North] Acc pl: sʉnkʉlaitên. Nom sg: sʉ́nkʉlaité. Nom pl: sʉ́nkʉlaitên. n. [North] Hermaphrodite. Kógōl sʉ́nkʉlaitên. Hermaphrodites are strong. (SN). Syn: ɛn-tápɨs ‘Hermaphrodite’. See: ɔ-sʉ́nash ‘Bull with one testicle’; ɔl-dárpóí ‘Bull without testicles’; ɔl-kúunta ‘Castrated bull’; kodíle ‘Male with one testicle’; sátima ‘Castrated bull’; ɔ-sáídóŋóí ‘Castrated male’.

sunkulaitíé [North] [North] Nom sg: súnkulaitíé. [North] Acc pl: sunkulaitîên. [North] Nom pl: súnkulaitîên. n. [North] Hermaphrodite (of cows, goats, etc.).

e-súnkúreisho Nom sg: e-sunkúreisho. n. Sly or cunning intelligence; guile. Mmeyíéúní esúnkúreisho ti átua ɛrámátarɛ ɔ́ ɛ́mbɔ́ɨ́ta. Guile is not wanted in living and working together. (Pk). See: ɔ-súnkúróí ‘Guileful person’.

ɔ-súnkúróí Nom sg: ɔ-sunkuróí. Acc pl: ɨ-súnkuró. Nom pl: ɨ-súnkuró. n. 1 • Guileful person.

2 • Hypocrite. Mmeyíéú Enkáí asúnkúróí tiátua ɛnkají ɛnyɛ́. God does not want a hypocrite in his house. (Pk).

ɛ-sʉntâî Nom sg: ɛsʉ́ntai. Acc pl: ɨ-sʉntá. Nom pl: ɨs-sʉ́nta. [North] Acc sg: sʉntâɨ̂. [North] Nom sg: sʉ́ntaɨ. n. 1 • External wall of a house. Etiáká ɛntɔmɔnɔní ɛnkáɨ́ óu máɨ́tɔbɨrá ɛnâ sʉntâî. The postpartum woman had asked the other one to come and help her make that (this) wall. (Pk). See: ol-iaatúa ‘Internal wall’; ɛ-mátua ‘Wall’.

2 • [North] Loin, lower side (of humans).

ɛ-sʉ́nyáí₁ Nom sg: ɛ-sʉnyáí. Acc pl: ɨ-sʉ́nya. Nom pl: ɨ-sʉ́nyâ. [North] Acc sg: sʉ́nyáɨ́. [North] Nom sg: sʉnyáɨ́. [North] Acc pl: sʉ́nya. [North] Nom pl: sʉ́nyâ. n. 1 • Fat piece of meat. Ɨ́ncɔɔ ɛnâ títō esúrééí nɨ́mɨ̄ncɔ̄ ɛsʉ́nyáí amʉ̂ kɛ́rɨ̄k. Give this girl a lean piece of meat and not a fatty piece, because she will nauseate after eating the latter. (Pk).

2 • Fat, eg. from the chest of a sheep, goat, or any other animal whose meat the Maasai eat. Ɨ́ncɔɔ kʉnâ kɛ́ra ɛsúnyáí ɔ́ lkâr peê epuo aŋ. Give these children fat so that they can go home. The fat meat from the chest of a sheep is usually given to small children when an animal is slaughtered. The fat together with the root of the ol-kiloriti 'acacia-tree' is given as a medicine to those suffering from a venereal disease.

o-súnyáí [West]₂ [North] Acc sg: o-súnyáí. [North] Acc sg: sʉ́nyáɨ́. [North] Nom sg: sʉnyáɨ́. n. Sand.

súŋur [North] Nom sg: suŋúr. n. [North] Nuclear family consisting of husband, wife and one or two children.

sʉ́ŋʉrr [North] [North] Acc pl: súŋurrí. n. [North] Hermit.

sʉ́ɔ́mí [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉɔmí. [North] Acc pl: sʉ̂ɔ̂m. [North] Nom pl: sʉ̂ɔ̂m. n. 1 • [North] Livestock.

2 • [North] Property, wealth. See: síómí [North] ‘Livestock’.

sʉ́pa Variant: sʉ́pai. Acc pl: ɛ́ntasʉ́pa. Variant: ɛ́ntasʉ́pai; ɛ́ntaasʉ́pa. greeting. Greeting addressed to a man. Note: In Pk, this may also be used by an older woman to a younger woman; or possibly between women of the same age-set (as determined by marriage). In W, it may exceptionally be used to address a very old woman. In S, it is the correct greeting for equals or subordinates. Apáayîâ lɛnyɛ́, sʉ́pa(i). Sir, "hello." (lit: Gentleman of his, "hello."). It is somewhat odd or rude to not include lɛnyɛ́, which is like a title used for s.o. unknown, in place of a name or title. In some areas (K), an older woman will use sʉ́pa when greeting a younger woman; while in other areas (PK, see also TM 1955:36), an older woman will use takúɛ́nya to greet a younger woman. The response to sʉ́pa is ɨ́pa. Ɛ́ntasʉ́pa lɔ́ mʉ́rrân! I greet you warriors! See: takúɛ́nya ‘Greeting addressed to a woman’.

súpat Nom sg: supát. Acc pl: supátī. Nom pl: form works for C also. [North] Acc sg: sʉ́pat. [North] Nom sg: sʉpát. [North] Acc pl: supáti. [North] Nom pl: súpatí. adj. 1 • Good, nice, kind, polite, generous, friendly (of people). A person who is súpat is polite, kind to others, generous. Ɔltʉŋáni súpat ɔɔ́ta ɛnkányɨt ɛlɛ́ páyíán. This man who is good has respect. (Pk) This man who has respect is good?? -dp. Áísídáí karsísisho tɛ nétum ɔltʉ́ŋání supát. Wealth is very good if possessed by a good-hearted (generous) person. (Pk). Kéísupáti. They are good. (S). Kɛ́nyɔ́r olóshô ɔltʉŋáni pɔɔkɨ́ súpat. The society cherishes s.o. who is good. (Pk). Káshám kʉlɔ̂ pagási amʉ̂ kéísupáti. I like these workers because they are good (they look nice, they work hard, or they have good character, etc.) (SN).

2 • All right, well, fine, at peace, lucky. Usage: Sídáí and shíáát convey physical beauty. Thus, they are compatible with a simultaneous expression of illness. In contrast, súpat is contradictory if simultaneously combined with illness, but not if simultaneously used with an expression of physical ugliness. Súpat collocates with things that possess life (thus it is ungrammatical to talk about a book that is súpat; while sídáí and shíáát can collocate with animate or inanimate items..

a-itusupát To make good. See: shíáát ‘Good, beautiful’; sídáí ‘Good, beautiful’. Ant: a-gogóŋ ‘To be agressive, bad’. See: a-seríán ‘To be safe, at peace, fine’.

e-súpátisho Nom sg: e-supátisho. n. Goodness, calmness, docility, friendliness. Esúpátisho nátomitikíó einyál ɛnkáɨ́ His goodness prevented him from harming her. (Pk). Mɛ́nyɔ́r ɨltʉŋaná olwuasá, káke kɛ́nyɔ́r esúpátisho. People don't like arrogance, but they like calmness. (Pk). See: súpat ‘Good’.

sʉ́pátīcō [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉpátīcō. n. [North] Goodness. Often used in greetings. See: súpat ‘Good`’.

e-súpen Nom sg: e-súpên. Acc pl: i-supénī. Nom pl: i-súpení. n. 1 • Ewe. Tɔ́bɔɨnʉ́ ɛndâ súpen mɛshɔ́mɔ ɨntarɛ́. Direct that ewe to go with the sheep. (Pk).

2 • Young female animal. Tɛ́rɛwa ɛnâ súpen ɔ́ ɛlɛ̂ kurrarrú ɛndâ áŋ. Take this young female donkey and this young male donkey to that home. (Pk). Etymology: < Proto-Kalenjin *supe:n 'virgin ewe' (Heine, Rottland & Vossen 1979:77).

supeshái [North] Nom sg: súpeshái. n. [North] Type of club used by young initiates to kill birds for dressing their heads.

sʉpɛtá [North] [North] Nom sg: sʉ́pɛtá. n. [North] Feather of an arrow.

súpóréí [Chamus] Acc pl: súpóré. n. [Chamus] Fish. See: o-sínkirrî ‘Fish’.

o-supúkíai n.prop. O-Supukiai.

o-súpúkó Nom sg: o-supukó. Acc pl: i-súpuki. Nom pl: i-súpúki. [North] Acc pl: súpuk. [North] Nom pl: súpûk. n. 1 • Cool wooded country. Osúpúkó lɛ Mau etíí Enɔ́ɔ-supúkia The Enoosupukia area is found in cool, wooded Mau country. (Pk).

2 • Dry season pasture. Isúpuki apá ɛ́ɨ́dʉ́rákīnī tɛnɛ́tōyū ɛnkɔ̂p Migration used to be done to the dry season pasture when the land became dry. (Pk).

2 • [North] Highland.

a-súr v. 1 • To be closely crowded together; thick. Ɛ́mɨ́ɨm enê amʉ̂ késur; mmɨdɔ́l doí nɨnyɛ́ enkóítóí. Do not pass here because it is thick; you do not even see the footpath. (Pk).

2 • [North] To be dangerous, possibly because of being too dense or crowded.

a-ɨtasúr v.cause. 1 • To infect.

2 • To endanger.

3 • To make dangerous.

ɨ-sʉ́ra n. Shyness, timidity. ɔltʉŋáni ɔɔ́ta ɨsʉ́ra person who is timid and shy (lit: person who has shyness) (Pk). aatá ɨsʉ́ra to be timid, shy. See: kurêt ‘Fearful’.

o-súráí Nom sg: o-suráí. Acc pl: i-súra. Nom pl: i-súrá. n. 1 • Meat that has no fat. Naá túduŋokí kʉndâ kɛ́ra osúráí peê epuo áapej. Give those children that meat with no fat, so they can go and roast it. (Pk).

2 • Flesh on the body of a human being. Káke ɛɛ́ta ɛldɛ̂ tʉ́ŋání osúráí sápuk lɛ́ nkɛ́jʉ́. But that person has big meat on his leg. (Pk).

sʉ́ráɨ́ [North] Variant: sʉ́ráí. [North] Nom sg: sʉráɨ́. [North] Acc pl: sʉ́ra. [North] Nom pl: sʉ́râ. n. 1 • Wood.

2 • [North] Branch, bough (on the tree). agɨlʉ́ sʉ́ráí To cut off a branch (from the trunk) (SN).

3 • Medicine. See: ɔl-ŋɔ́sɨ́lá ‘Branch’; sálgéí ‘Branch’.

sʉrálɛ [North] Nom sg: sʉrálɛ́. Acc pl: sʉralení. Nom pl: sʉ́ralení. n. [North] Trouser. Etymology: < Swahili suruwali 'trouser'.

sʉrdɛ́d [North] n. [North] Remnant shreds of an animal that has been killed.

sʉ́rɛɛ́ [North] n. [North] Red ants; driver ants. See: e-múyioô ‘Red ants’.

e-súrééí Nom sg: e-sureéí. Acc pl: i-sureení. Nom pl: i-súreení. n. 1 • Dried meat, biltong. See: a-isureén ‘To cut up meat and dry the pieces’.

2 • Lean, thin meat from the limbs or neck of a slaughtered animal. Eitáyiokí isureení tenébó ilóik owókie ɛntɔmɔnɔní imotorí. Lean thin meats, along with bones, have been prepared for soup for the woman who has just given birth. Ɨ́ncɔɔ ɛnâ títō esúrééí nɨ́mɨ̄ncɔ̄ ɛsʉ́nyáí amʉ̂ kɛ́rɨ̄k. Give this girl a lean piece of meat and not a fatty piece, because she will nauseate after eating the latter. (Pk).

3 • Thin meat from an emanciated cow/sheep/goat, poor-quality meat. Usage: colloquial.

o-súrééí Lump of meat.

a-sureén v. To cut up meat. See: a-isureén ‘To cut up and dry meat pieces’.

e-súrisúri Nom sg: e-súrisúri. Acc pl: i-surúrsur. Nom pl: i-súrusur. Variant: e-súrusuri. n. 1 • Spider. Ɛɨtáyíó esúrisúri ɛnkají tɛ ncumatá ɛ́ nkaji áŋ. The spider has made a web in the roof of our house. (Pk).

2 • House whose owner is dead. Etiáká apá ɔrpáyian ɨnkɛ́ra peê méítóki áajiŋ ɛndâ surísuri. The man has told the children not to be entering that house whose owner is dead. (Pk). See: ol-kédi ‘Spider’; ol-pipí [North] ‘Spider’; n-apɔrsaɨnɨá [Chamus] ‘Spider’.

súrméléí [North] Nom sg: surméléí. Acc pl: surmelên. Nom pl: súrmelên. n. [North] Young circumcised unmarried girl. She is circumcised by her parents and still lives with them. See: ɛnk-áɨ́bártani ‘Female initiate’; e-siankíki ‘Young woman’.

surmolêî [North] [North] Nom sg: súrmolêî. [North] Acc pl: surmolên. [North] Nom pl: súrmolên. n. [North] A clitoridectomised but not yet married girl.

surpeléi [North] n. [North] Starling.

Súrtoní [North] [North] Nom sg: Súrtoní. [North] Acc pl: Surtóí. [North] Nom pl: Súrtoi. n. 1 • [North] Member of clan within the L-másʉ́lá phratry.

2 • [North] Clan in the L-másʉ́lá phratry. Usage: plural.

súrua [North] [North] Nom sg: súrûâ. [North] Acc pl: súruaí. [súrwaí] [North] Nom pl: súrúái. adj. 1 • [North] Light blue, sky blue. See: sírua ‘Light of dawn’.

2 • [North] Silvery.

3 • [North] The colour of the land when the first blades of grass spring up after the rain.

4 • [North] Eland; animal related to n-kotií. See: n-kotií ‘Antelope sp.’.

surúáícō [North] n. 1 • [North] Daylight. See: waŋán [North] ‘Light’.

2 • [North] Small growth of grass.

sʉrúálɛ [North] Nom sg: sʉ́rualɛ. Acc pl: sʉrualení. Nom pl: sʉ́rualení. n. Trouser. Íkíríríkínō aná sʉrúálɛ olêŋ. This trouser fits you well. (SN). See: e-sirkúáli ‘Trouser’.

súrúm Nom sg: surúm. n. Abnormally large navel. Not swollen as in a disease, but a person is born with an abnormally large navel. See: o-sorórua ‘Navel’; ɔl-mʉkɔ́nyɔ ‘Swollen navel’; ol-dundúla ‘Swollen navel’.

o-surúrū [North] Nom sg: súruru. [North] Acc pl: sururuní. [North] Nom pl: súruruní. n. 1 • Axe, pick-axe.

2 • [North] Short stick or club with no knob, having rather a metal shank as an end sheath.

e-surúsurî Acc pl: i-súrrusúr. Nom sg: e-súrúsurî. Nom pl: i-súrrusur. [Purko] Acc pl: i-surrúsur. n. Abandoned house.

e-súrusuri n. Spider.

surútíaâî Nom sg: surútíâî. Variant: e-súrutiai. Acc pl: surútīā. Nom pl: súrtiá. [North] Acc sg: surútíâî. [North] Nom sg: súrutíâî. [North] Acc pl: surútîâ. [North] Nom pl: súrutíá. [súrutyá] adj. [North] Bronze or brass-coloured.

e-surútíâî [North] Acc pl: surútia. [North] Nom pl: súrūtia. n. 1 • [North] Bronze, brass.

2 • Women's scrolled ear rings. These ear rings may also be worn by men on certain occasions (eg. newly circumcised boys or the elder observing a particular cleansing ceremony). Ekéíshop oshî ɨntɔmɔnɔ́k isurútīā tɛ nɛ́muratɨ́shɔ. Women normally wear scrolled earrings when their children are circumcised. (Pk).

pasúrutíai 1 • Name called to each other by people who have exchanged e-surútíai.

2 • Name used by the girl to call to his brother-in-law. The man must have given her e-surútíai.

surútíâî lɛ nk-áɨ́ná [North] [North] Large heavy coil of brass worn by women on the upper left arm.

surútíâî lɛ n-kɨ́yɔk [North] [North] Married woman's coil-shaped brass earring.

susúg [North] [North] Nom sg: súsug. [North] Acc pl: susugîn. [North] Nom pl: súsugîn. n. [North] Squirrel.

susûî [North] [North] Nom sg: súsui. [North] Acc pl: súsulí. n. [North] Swarming large ant species; makes a loud clicking sound and gives a painful sting with a stinger protruding from its abdomen.

súsuk [North] [North] Nom sg: súsûk. n. [North] Mangoose. See: síôj ‘Mangoose’; m-pɨ́lɨs ‘White-tailed Mangoose’.

súsul [North] [North] Nom sg: súsûl. [North] Acc pl: súsulí. n. 1 • [North] Pompom made of ostrich feathers, and attached to the leather sheath on warriors' spear blades.

2 • [North] Turkana head ornament.

Suswa n.prop. Suswa; name of a place along the Narok-Mai Mahiu road.

sútúó [North] n. [North] Friend.

súújí₁ Nom sg: suují. Acc pl: sʉʉ́j. Nom pl: sʉʉ́j. [West] Acc sg: suují. [West] Nom sg: suují. [West] Acc pl: suujîn. adj. 1 • Ugly. Náa áɨ́tɔrrɔ́nɔ taá doí oshî entitó suují. An ugly girl is not appreciated. Maɨnyáŋʉ ɛngárri ɛnyɛ́ amʉ̂ súújí. I will not buy his car because it is bad. (eg. rusting, uncared for, possibly missing parts). (W).

2 • Poor. Kɨ́shɔmɔ enkitúáa kɔp súújí nɛ́mɛ́ɛ́táɨ́ entóki naatáɨ. We went to a poor country which had almost nothing. (Pk). Kɨ́shɔmɔ̂ enkitó kɔ́p súújí nɛ́mɛ́ɛ́tāɨ̄ entóki naátāɨ̄. We went to a kind of place (that was) poor and people did not have anything/there was nothing. (W). Míntóki ayaʉ́ esíáai súújí amʉ̂ ɨmaŋamʉ́. Stop bringing a poor (shoddy) job because I won't accept it. (Pk).

3 • Menial. Míkíntóki aɨtaás ɛnâ síáai súújí amʉ̂ ɨ́mɛnɨnyɛ́ doí apá átííyie ɛnɛ̂. Stop making me do this menial work, because it is not the reason why I am here.

4 • Bad, messy. Súújí ɛlé sɨ́nā olêŋ. This problem is very bad. (W). Suujîn kʉná ámʉlak. This saliva is messy. (W). Usage: Though suují and tɔrrɔ́nɔ̂ overlap in meaning, suují prototypically connotes outward appearance. One would preferably not use suují to refer to a car that is not working well, but rather for one that does not have a nice body. Tɔrrɔ́nɔ̂ could be used with reference to either bad function or bad appearance of the car..

o-súújí₂ Acc pl: ɨsʉʉ́j. Nom pl: ɨ-sʉʉ́j. n. Coward.

e-súújí Shoddy disorganized woman who cannot maintain her house.

(e)-súújisho n. Badness.

súum [North] [North] Acc pl: suumi. n. [North] Room for goats and sheep together.

i-súut n.pl. Rubbish. Ɛgɨ́ra ɛnkárɛ́ ɔ́ɔnkʉ́ta ashɔrɔɔ́ isúut. The run-off is carrying off the rubbish. (Pk).

e-súutî Nom sg: e-súutî. Acc pl: i-súūt. Nom pl: i-suút. n. 1 • Home whose owner is dead.

2 • Rejected, useless house.

3 • Rubbish. Etɨákakɨ́ ɨnkɛ́ra peê esotú isúūt pɔɔkɨ́ nátií aulúó. The children have been told to collect all the rubbish outside the kraal.

4 • Chaff. Ɛ́ncɔm ɛ́ntɛgɛl irmpómpó tɛ bɔɔ́ peê ɛya osiwuó isúūt. Go and winnow your cereals (maize-like stuff) outside so that the wind will blow off the chaff. (Pk).

5 • Village or house with bad reputation. Ɛ́ncɔm dúóó kʉnâ súút ɛ́ŋʉráí tanáa ítúmútúmu entóki nɨ́nyánya. Go to those homes with bad reputations and find out if you can get what .... ? ... sth. to it. (Pk).

súútî [North] [North] Nom sg: súutî. [North] Acc pl: súút. [North] Nom pl: súut. n. [North] Bunch of sisal fibers, used for roofing; sisal mat.

Samburu women work very hard to extract and prepare the sisal fibers for roofing. A bride's mother will make eight mats and present them to her daughter on the wedding day, usually bringing them on a donkey.

sʉ́yaán Acc pl: suyaaní. [West] Acc sg: súyaan. [West] Nom sg: súyaán. adj. 1 • Gray. Kítodúaa apá áyelɔ́ŋ olpúâ sʉ́yaán tɛ nkâŋ ɔ́ ŋuesi. We have seen a gray bushbuck in the game reserve.

2 • Color somewhere in the range of nanyokíé with tiny spots of white; primarily for animals. Enyáŋúá Kónené oloiŋóni súyaan táatá. Konene bought a bull of suyaan color today. (W). Ɛshɔmɔ́ olóíŋóní súyaán táatá. The bull of suyaan color left today. (W).

ɔ-sʉ́yáí Acc pl: ɨ-sʉyan. n. Copper, brass, copper wire. Ílō aɨŋɔrʉ́ ɔsʉ́yáí. You will go and look for copper.

sʉ́yɛɛ n. Skink.

súyian [North] [North] Nom sg: súyîân. [North] Acc pl: súyiani. [North] Nom pl: súyíáni. n. [North] Wild dog. These travel in packs and are considered to be formidable predators. Lycaon pictus.

o-súyianî Nom sg: o-súyianî. Acc pl: i-súyīān. Nom pl: i-suyíán. n. Wild dog; fox. Ɛ́ɨ́nɔ́sá osúyíání enkíné áŋ. A wild dog has eaten our goat. (Pk).